Transcript Benefits of Behavior-Based Safety

Benefits of
Behavior-Based Safety
ADV TTT 2010
Training Aids are being shipped
to you!
Information needed to issue RSI
certification for your employees
will follow is chapter
Recognized Training
Organization
2010: One final major change is that those companies currently
requiring CTC and RF certification will not accept certification
from another company.
In this case as the employer, you must retrain and/or recertify the
employee.
Under OSHA, (which you have already learned during your
instructor training) the employer must provide or accept the
training as meeting their own legal obligations. Carte blanche
acceptance has never been promoted by ComTrain or RSI
because of different policies, equipment and environments
between companies and sites. Winton Wilcox and Steve Walz
Recognized Training Organization
• If you have clients or owners requiring certification
you should take advantage of RSI’s “Advance Train
the Trainer” program including using RSI Cards.
• Most groups requiring specific “CTC” or “RF”
certification have placed additional demands on our
certification programs that cannot be passed on
through a traditional 'train the trainer' program.
• One of the requirements is a sophisticated
identification card. (Starting in 2010 a water-stamp on
RSI Cards)
• The second requirement is that only a recognized
training organization can deliver and evaluate the
students' training (Like RSI for RF Safety or ComTrain for CTC)
Recognized Training
Organization
• With so many different associations,
organizations and clients setting their own
“RF Safety Training” standards, the tasks of
meeting employer legal obligations and
assuring that the correct certification
credentials for clients and owners are
obtained is greatly complicated.
Recognized Training Organization
• The task of making everyone happy is even
more difficult since many now have different
objectives and needs. We believe that the
structure and the materials incorporated into
the RSI Advance Train the Trainer course
will effectively provide for your specific
needs; however, it will take more
consideration by your company.
What is Behavior-Based Safety?
• Behavior-based safety is a approach to applying
behavioral psychology to encourage safety in the
workplace.
• It is based on the premise that most accidents are
caused by unsafe behavior.
• A typical program involves a systematic process to
identify the behaviors that contribute to most
accidents, and then define the safe practices
necessary to reduce injury rates. (JSA)
Behavior based safety programs
• Behavior based safety programs have been
described as both the first and last lines of
defense against accidents.
• This would be determined by your point of
view.
Five steps for safety
• Elimination or Substitution
• Engineering
• Warnings
• Training and Procedures
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Having eliminated all hazards using the
above 5 methods, why then do we continue
to have accidents and injuries?
• In my experience, it is mostly because of
behavior and attitude of the organization
and the individual.
“Safety first”.
• How many times have you heard “just get
it done”, or “make it work”,
• Or the best one “no pressure, but we are
behind schedule”.
• Many times individuals in management
positions do not realize that they are
encouraging unsafe behaviors.
Management’s responsibility
• It is management’s
responsibility to ensure not
only is the workplace safe, but
that the workplace attitude is
one of “safety first”.
Eliminate Hazards
• In designing a new building or process, the five
steps should be utilized to protect the workers.
• First, eliminate any hazards that organization
can. This can be done by evaluating the site and
process to see if there is a safer place or way to
perform the work. Substitution can be done to
replace potentially unsafe equipment or materials.
Reduce hazards
• Second, use engineering to reduce hazards
in the workplace. This can be as simple as
machine guards on rotating equipment or
shielding around sources of radiofrequency
radiation. Adequate ventilation can be
designed to keep fumes and vapors from
collecting in equipment rooms.
Warnings of all hazards
• Next, provide warnings of hazards that still
exist. Each employee is expected to be
aware of their surroundings and be alert for
hazards. But employees can be distracted
by the task at hand or they may be in an
unfamiliar place. Warning signs can help
focus the employee on known hazards in the
immediate area.
Adequate training
• Providing adequate training and procedures is a
must in the work place. Ensuring that training is
relevant and up to date can be a daunting task.
• Review procedures frequently to ensure that they
also are up to date. Employees should be
encouraged to provide feedback on both training
and procedures. Feedback should be in a
constructive form.
Feedback
• Simply stating that something “sucks” is
not valuable to anyone.
• But: Pointing out that a procedure needs to
be revised because it specifically states to
contact “Bill”, but Bill retired 2 years ago is
valuable.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) has
long been considered the last line of defense
for mitigating workplace hazards.
• All employees should ensure that the proper
PPE is available and used when necessary.
• It does no good to purchase PPE and provide it
to employees so that they can leave it in the
truck. It is also frustrating for employees to
need PPE and not be able to obtain it when
needed.
Behavior and attitude
• Now that I have covered the five methods to
reduce hazards in the work place, it is time
to cover the most important one, and the
one that is not on the above list.
• Employee behavior and attitude can make
or break any organizations safety program.
Habit
• Each and everyone of us has not only
performed unsafe acts, but watched others
perform them also.
• Many times this is done out of habit,
because we don’t realize what we are doing,
or because we feel pressure from
somewhere to “get it done”.
All the workers must adhere
• Why is behavior the most important part of a
safety program?
• Because even after all the hazards have been
eliminated and procedures written to address
them, it is up to the worker to adhere to it. How
many times have you seen someone climbing a
step ladder to the very top to reach something? Or
watched as someone bent at the waist to pick up
something off the floor?
Empower the worker
• The purpose of a behavior based safety
program is not to blame the worker for
every accident that happens, but to
empower the worker to ensure
accidents don’t happen.
Coach each other
• A good program should allow the workers
to coach each other regardless of position in
the company.
• If the newest person in the company sees
the most senior performing an unsafe act,
they should feel comfortable pointing the
behavior out.
Cooperation
• These programs have to be developed with
management support and worker
cooperation.
• If either group does not believe in the
process, then it truly is a waste of time.
• It does no good for an organization to spend
time and money redesigning a process to
make it safer, engineering controls, writing
procedures, posting warnings and training
workers, just to have them ignore all that
and do what they want.
• If a company requires hard hats at a
particular site, but the technician’s know no
one is watching and never grabs it from the
truck: Then what good is it?
• If a site has a potential for hazardous fumes
to build up in the RF equipment room, but
management won’t provide for monitoring
systems after asked, it is a behavior
problem.
• Management was told of a Water
Leak.
• Management statement: So
what, “Get a Pump”.
• A behavior based safety program
is peer pressure at it’s best.
Is this your workplace????
What does it take to use BBS?
• A good program takes at least 6-12 months to
implement – and sometimes longer before the
programs impact is reflected in the company’s
incident rates.
• BBS typically requires a significant financial
investment (on the part of the company) to hire
professional consultants.
• Employee resistance is sometimes encountered,
particularly when labor unions are involved.
I worked 20 years
with out a
Full body harness
How does the process work?
• The process usually begins with an extensive review of a
company’s incident investigation data to identify the
behaviors that contribute to the most accidents.
• A percentage of the workforce is then trained to conduct
“observations” of fellow employees to record and ‘safe’ and
‘unsafe’ actions witnessed and to provide feedback on safety
practices with in their work areas.
• Data collected from these observations is used to track the
progress of the program – as the percentage of “safe”
observations increases, the number of accidents
theoretically will decrease.
Why don’t more companies use BBS?
• Employee resistance can hinder a company’s efforts to
maximize return on its behavior-based safety investment –
some employees fear that observations will be used as a
mechanism to enforce discipline.
• When done correctly, BBS can achieve drastic reductions
in workplace injuries (and there are numerous examples to
demonstrate this). Despite many success stories, many
organizations are discouraged by the time, commitment,
expense and potential for controversy BBS entails.
An Alternative to Traditional BBS?
• A new program is being used that is based on many of
the same principles as traditional BBS.
• This program bypasses the lengthy initial analysis that
precedes the actual implementation phases of most BBS
programs.
An Alternative to Traditional BBS?
• A key premise behind the new program is that we can
already identify the key behaviors that contribute to
most accidents – regardless of whether the accidents
occur within or outside of the workplace.
• The program proceeds directly to training employees to
recognize these behaviors and providing techniques
designed to minimize the risk of making a critical error
that could result in injury.
What are the behaviors that
contribute to most accidents?
• Research indicates that 80 to 90% of all workplace
accidents, regardless of industry, are caused by
critical errors involving the following four
unintentional (or habitual) at-risk behaviors:
Eyes not on task.
• Mind not on task.
• Moving into or being in the line-of-fire.
• Loss of balance, traction and /or grip.
What are the behaviors that
contribute to most accidents?
• Certain human factors or “states” typically
contribute to – and sometimes even cause – the atrisk behaviors. These include:
•
•
•
•
Rushing
Fatigue
Frustration
Complacency
What is the objective of increased
safety awareness training?
• To train employees, supervisors and managers how
to recognize the states – rushing, frustration, fatigue
or complacency – and how they lead to the critical
errors: mind not on task, eyes not on task, moving
into the line of fire, and loss of grip or balance.
• To train employees to recognize or “self-trigger” so
they avoid making a critical error that could lead to
injury.
How does this help employees?
• “Self-Triggering” helps employees pause and
refocus – physically and mentally – on the task at
hand, continually keep the line-of-fire in sight and
mind, and to be continually mindful of conditions
that might cause them to lose their balance or
footing.
• The program also focuses on ‘unintentional’ and
‘habitual behaviors and helps to minimize employee
concerns about blame and discipline – one of the
problems frequently encountered in traditional BBS
programs.
How classroom training helps
• Devote the last 10 minutes of each class to a group
discussion of the principles covered in that day’s
lesson.
• After covering the basic concepts in the initial
classes, ask the employees to describe examples of
the principles they had observed since the previous
class – both from inside and outside of work.
How classroom training helps
• To make these concepts stick, employees need an
environment that gives them the opportunity to think
about their own experiences on the job, off the job or
driving.
• They need to ask themselves if they have ever
experienced a serious injury without one or more of the
states contributing to one or more of these errors.
• Very few people can relate a personal example of
injuries outside of these patterns. This motivates
employees and helps them internalize these concepts.
REVIEW: 80 to 90% of all
workplace accidents
• Eyes not on task.
• Mind not on task.
• Moving into or being in the line-offire.
• Loss of balance, traction and /or
grip.
REVIEW: Human Factors
• Rushing
• Fatigue
• Frustration
• Complacency
Training Aids are being shipped
to most of you!
NOW, IF YOU NEED RSI
CARDS
Information needed to issue
RSI certification for employees
trained by their company.
RSI Cards
• Follow the outline in your book for RSI RF Safety
Cards
• Make up your own test min of 10 RF Q’s
• Should include the following PLEASE
make note:
• Signs, health effects (both MPE and RF
Current), interpretation of exposure, RF
first-aid, review of site maps or reports, your
RF safety program, PPM/PPE (if used), and
the FCC license requirements (if owner of
site or regulated equipment).
RSI CARDS
• 1. Cards are $25 each – RSI needs
either a PO # for invoicing or credit card
information before cards will be sent.
• 2. Typed list of names – List names in
an Excel. Name will appear on card
however it appears on the list sent to
RSI (check spelling please.)
• RSI is enacting a few changes following
the Chicago TTT & AdvTTT classes they
include :
• We will no longer be printing and
authorizing them to print the training books
the books must be purchased through RSI
and a cost per book has not yet been
determined but we will have that soon. The
books will have RSI logos on them and will
RSI CARDS
• 3. Employee Info – Job Title, email,
phone, address, company name.
This is only for our records for
liability reasons. Employee will not be
contacted by an RSI representative for
training or other services we offer,
unless indicated they want to be
contacted.
RSI CARDS
• 4. List shall indicate who taught the class.
List should indicate the date training took
place. Cards are valid for 1 year from
training date. In 2010 all RSI Cards will
have a water stamp.
RSI CARDS
• If we feel all is legitimate with the
test/instructor/employee relationship we
enter this students name in our data base as
being “RSI Trained”
RSI CARDS
• Email list to Morgan
Taylor [email protected]
• Cards will be made and mailed within a
week of receiving email.
Same as ComTrain and now
required by many of your clients
• The In-house RSI instructor is only an
instructor as long as he is employed under
their initial company.
• If he leaves the initial company for new
employment and wants to be certified in any
capacity, including as an instructor he must
take our coarse again.
Any Questions?
Questions?