Transcript Slide 1
Germanic Tribes Goths • • • • • “Gothiscanza” – South Scandanavia First Germanic people to become Christian Came across Baltic Sea from Sweden Fought with Romans in the Balkans In 370, divided into two separate groups Ostrogoths • • • • • 400-556 Eastern Goths Theodorik – Rise of power until 526 Defeated by Belasarius & Narses (Totila) Teia made last ditch effort (Head on a pole) Visigoths • 376-711 • Sought protection of Romans when Huns invaded Europe • Eventually renounced allegiance to Rome • Established kingdom in what is now France, Spain, and Portugal Visigoths cont. Alaric – Expanded Empire – Sacked Rome (410) • Move to Spain till 711 – Destroyed by Moors Rome falls to the Visigoths Lombards • 500-780 • Originally settled along the Elbe River (Ger.) • Conquered northern and central Italy – 6th Century • Gradually converted to Christianity – Adopted Latin Language Lombards cont. • “Langobards” • Helped Justinian against Ostrogoths • Alboin murdered 572 by Gepid princess Rosamund • Ruled by Duces (35) • Northern Italy (Lombardy) – Franks destroy them Alamanni • 200-500 • Inhabited what is now Germany • Confederacy of Germanic tribes Alamanni cont. • • • • • • “All men” No strong central authority Several rulers at once SW Germany Charles Martel absorbed into empire Allemagne – French word for “Germany” Gepids • • • • 260-550 “Gepania” – Sluggish or slow (lazy) freshman Driven out by Ostrogoths and Avars Never created their own state Burgundians • Invaded and established kingdom in SE France and part of Switzerland Vandals • • • • • Ancient Germanic tribe of Jutland (Denmark) Entered Gaul (France) and Spain in 5th Cent Fought against Romans and Visigoths Moved to North Africa, attacked Italy Known for their terrifying raids; why one who plunders or destroys is called a vandal Vandals cont. • • • • • 400-533 Plunder rather than rule Destroy Carthage Defeated by Justinian Gelimer – “All is vanity” "Vanity of vanities, all is vanity" -Gelimer, last king of the Vandals Huns • Nomads from Asia who invaded territories of the Germanic tribes • Forced Germanic tribes to migrate westward and into Roman Empire • Led by Attila (known as “scourge of God”) Franks • 250• Courageous or Bold Frankish Empire • Frankish also to mean free or fierce • Merovingians – Merovech (started empire) • Handed down to Childeric (481) – Father of Clovis (481-511) Clovis • Greatly expanded empire • Defeated Alamanni’s, Burgundians, Drove Visigoths to Spain • Officially converted empire to Christianity (Pope recognized) Clovis cont. • Soon became figurehead, not ruler • Around 700 AD, lose power to Carolingians (Landowners under Merovingians) • Pepin of Heristal – Mayor of the Palace Charles Martel • “The Hammer” • 732 AD • Battle of Tours – Defeat Muslim forces, unify clan (Oct 10 -15) – Horsemen (Muslim) vs. Foot Soldiers (Franks) – Terrain Costly http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EMzoBkaFxh4 Pepin the Short • 751-768 • Took over with brother Carloman (became monk) • Half brother Grifo imprisoned • Defeated the Lombards – “Donation of Pepin” to Pope = Land of Lombards Charlemagne • • • • “Charles the Great” 768-814 Built up judicial system Revived the arts (schools) – Renaissance • Empire with vast military expeditions – 33 of 46 Campaign – Song of Roland (30 yrs of campaigns) Charlemagne cont. • Spread Christianity – Crowned “Charles Augustus” – Emperor of Romans • 1st Holy Roman Emperor in 800 AD on Christmas Day (Leo III) Eldest Son – Pippin the Hunchback Louis the Pious steps in! (What a Jerk) Louis the Pious • 814-840 • Decided to split dynasty into 3 among sons for control (excuses primogeniture) • Treaty of Verdun (843) – Divided land • Strasbourg Oath Lothar • Lower Provinces, Italy Central • Lotharingia (Lorraine, Alsace, Burgandy) Louis the German • Got Germany • Holy Roman Empire (Thanks a bunch, jerks) Charles the Bald • Western portion • What is now France • Joined forces with Louis the German