Transcript NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for

NSF Workshop on
Fundamental Research Challenges
for Trustworthy Biometrics:
Panel Summary Slides
Co-Chairs:
Stephanie Schuckers, Clarkson University
Lenore Zuck, National Science Foundation,
Christopher Miles, Department of Homeland Security
This workshop is supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 1048975 .
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed
in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the National Science Foundation.
Special Thanks to:
Organizing Committee:
Karl Levitt, UC-Davis, Lawrence Hornak, WVU/NSF, Fabian
Monrose, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Bojan
Cukic, West Virginia University, Susanne Wetzel, Stevens
Institute of Technology
Advisory Committee:
Michael Yura, BIMA/DoD, Jeff Dunn, NSA, Kelly Faddis, Scott
Swann, FBI, Patrick Grother, NIST, John Savage, Department
of State, Carl Landwehr, NSF, Michael Benardo, FDIC
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Workshop Charge
To establish the fundamental research challenges for
trustworthy biometric systems in identity management
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Motivation
• Transactions (security, health, financial, social, etc) rely on
establishment of trust
• Need for linkage between biological identity and our digital
persona in order to establish trust
– Biometrics (measured identity) is one means to establish that linkage
• Need to establish levels of trust
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Privacy preserving components
Provides for anonymity
Scales in the information content (uniqueness)
Scientific basis (aging, medical, etc.)
Usability, performance, reliability, etc.
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Need for Fundamental Research
• Government funding
– focused on biometric capture (sensors and systems)
– application oriented (e.g. border security, wartime
detainment)
– concentrate on advanced signal and image processing
techniques to add robustness
• Recent reports highlight need:
– “National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace”
– National Academies Report on “Biometric Recognition:
Challenges and Opportunities”
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NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Research Needs
• Algorithms/approaches/models that address privacy,
acceptability, usability, and security of stored and transmitted
biometric information
• Need to establish scientific fundamentals of identity science,
as well as research at the intersection of identity management
and cyberspace
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Keynote Lectures and Discussion
• Summary of the NRC Report “Biometric Recognition: Challenges
and Opportunities”
– Lynette I. Millett, Senior Program Officer and Study Director,
Computer Science and Telecommunications Board, National
Research Council of the National Academies
• Biometric Recognition’s Role in Identity Management
– Dr. Elisa Bertino, Professor, Purdue University
• Advances in Molecular Processing and Analysis—Future Directions
in Identity Science
– Dr. James Landers, Professor, University of Virginia
– Dr. Joan Bienvenue, Chief Scientist, Lockheed Martin
Corporation
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Panel Talks and Discussion
• Foundations in Biometrics—Privacy, Security and Identity
– Panel Leads: Susanne Wetzel, Fabian Monrose
– Panelists: Colin Soutar, Nalini Ratha, Adam Smith, Elaine
Newton
• Fundamentals of Identity Science
– Panel Leads: Chris Miles, Stephanie Schuckers
– Panelists: Peter Vallone, Arun Ross
• Future Directions in Identity Science
– Panel Leads: Jeff Salyards, Jeff Palmer
– Panelists: Jeff Salyards, Jeff Palmer, Brigitte Rolfe
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Foundations in Biometrics—
Privacy, Security and Identity
Panel Summary Slides
Panel Leads:
Dr. Fabian Monrose, UNC
Dr. Susanne Wetzel, Stevens Institute of Technology
Panelists:
Dr. Colin Soutar, CSC
Dr. Nalini Ratha, IBM TJ Watson Research Center
Dr. Adam Smith, Pennsylvania State University
Dr. Elaine Newton, NIST
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Privacy, Security and Identity
Panel Summary Slides
• Develop and assess systems which preserve secrecy/privacy of biometrics
– e.g., biometric cryptosystems, biometrics as keys, template protection,
revokable biometrics, etc.
– Taxonomy of systems
– Evaluation of strengths/vulnerabilities of stored biometric templates
• Modeling data and attacks
• Metrics to evaluate systems
– Development of advanced methods
• Theoretical models of classes of similarity/distance measures beyond
vector norms (e.g., for minutiae, face images, ...)
• Error-correction techniques for complex similarity/distance measures
• Apply homomorphic encryption to biometrics
• Anonymous search capabilities
• “No effort” re-enrollment
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Privacy, Security and Identity
Panel Summary Slides
• Develop and assess systems which preserve secrecy/privacy of biometrics
(continued)
– Hardware: extending the biometric matching capability in trusted
environment such as secure hardware co-processors, smart cards
– Quantify the use of biometrics on diverse platforms, such as cell phones
and laptops
• Quantify use of biometrics within multi-factor assurance context
– Quantifiable and commensurable biometric strength of authentication
when combined with other factors
• Develop methodologies for end-to-end security evaluations
– Define evaluation methods for anti-spoofing/liveness testing for each
major modality
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Privacy, Security and Identity
Panel Summary Slides
• Strengthen collaboration between different disciplines (cryptography, signal
processing, security)
– Harmonize language and terminology
– Need for common large data sets, well-defined challenge problems
– Encourage cross-disciplinary events/funding opportunities
• Design systems subject to privacy constraints, public perceptions, and legal
regulations – incorporate legitimate concerns
– How to responsibly collect/store/share operational or research data
– Design to limit function creep, clarify functional requirements
– Education on biometrics benefit society, privacy laws, etc.
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Fundamentals in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides
Panel Leads:
Chris Miles, Department of Homeland Security
Dr. Stephanie Schuckers, Clarkson University
Panelists:
Dr. Peter Vallone, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Dr. Arun Ross, West Virginia University
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Fundamentals in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides
• Develop models for individuality (uniqueness)
– Biological models
• To understand the biological basis of a trait; level of detail
observed (e.g., Level I, II or III for fingerprint)
– Feature and score models
• To utilize feature and score distributions to deduce capacity of a
template, or information entropy
– Error Rate models
– To model error rates based on empirical evaluation of algorithms;
understand the notion of uncertainty
• Establish basis to assess impact of age on biometrics
– Methods to estimate biological age of an individual from biometric
– Models to understand how biometric traits age with time; impact of
disease on biometric traits
• Face, Iris, Fingerprint
– Automatic template aging and update schemes
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Fundamentals in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides
• Understand impact of fusion on scalability and security
– Methods to increase the capacity of a template
– Estimating scalability of individual biometric traits
– Methods to incorporate adversary attacks in a biometric fusion
framework
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Future Directions in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides
Panel Leads:
Dr. Jeff Salyards, US Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory
Dr. Jeff Palmer, MIT-Lincoln Laboratory
Panelists:
Dr. Jeff Salyards, US Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory
Dr. Jeff Palmer, MIT-Lincoln Laboratory
Brigitte Rolfe, MITRE
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Future Directions in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides
• Extend methods for validation of forensic science
– Measures of uncertainty, accuracy, reliability, treat as “pattern
recognition”, relationship with biometric performance metrics
– Peer reviewed research on human observer bias
• Expand definition usage of biometrics beyond “recognition”
– Intent? Medical? Group? Levels of identity?
• Establish science for assessment of new/novel biometrics
– e.g. odor, cardiovascular, vein, etc.,
• Extend application spaces
– Stand-off, unconstrained, non-cooperative, covert, etc.
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics
Fundamentals and Future Directions in Identity Science
Panel Summary Slides From Both Panels
• Advance rapid DNA as a biometric
– e.g. automated rapid DNA systems based on digital microfluidics, biomaterial science
– System improvements
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Reduce cost and time, automate, increase portability
Improve sample methods of DNA, best recovery, non-invasive
New markers
Automated analysis and searching algorithms, secure and private communications,
database management
– Scientific understanding
• Effect of aging
• Countermeasures
– Broader considerations
• Identify applications (kinship, identity, other)
• Keep DNA ‘in the loop’ with established biometrics, lessons can be learned from
both areas
• DNA training, tactics, procedures
NSF Workshop on Fundamental Research Challenges for Trustworthy Biometrics