Transcript Document

Mapping civil society
A tool for engaging with non state actors
Civil Society Facility seminar : Brussels, 9-10
February, 2012
Rationale Partnership
Communication on « A new response to a changing
Neighbourhood »
• Mutual accountability
• Shared commitment to respecting universal values
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Commitment to supporting a greater role for civil society
Development of advocacy capacity
Development of ability to monitor reform
Role in implementing, monitoring and evaluating EU
programmes
More intense engagement with Civ soc in policy dialogue /
forum
Establishment of a Civ soc facility - CSF
Rationale CSF
Main objectives of the CSF
• Support civ soc initiatives
• Improve visibility of Civil society
• Improve structuring of CSOs / coherence of CSO
initiatives
• Enhance engagement of State with Civil society
• Enhance civil society invlovement in policy dialogue
Obstacles
Overall policy commitment toward NSA involvement but practical
obstacles
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Lack of knowledge on CSO
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Large number of actors at different levels
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Weak capacity to fulfil different potential roles, esp. In policy
dialogue
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Lack of visibility of CSOs
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Lack of funding opportunities
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Restriction on fundemental rights
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Limited willingness to translate policy commitment into practical
modalities (dialogue)
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Weak enabling environment
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Big differences between countries
Challenges
Information is needed to
• Improve knowledge on CSOs
• Assess CSO capacities to develop capacity development
strategy
• Support enabling environment for civil societys
• Identify existing support (national and international support) to
CS
• Optimise use on EU instrument for engaging with civil society
 Mapping can help gathering this information
Mapping objectives
To have a global vision of the institutional actors acting in the
country State, economic and civil society spheres.
To have a historical vision of the activities of these actors in
connection with the main economic, social and political
events of the country or region.
To have a vision of the social actors in the various sectors
relating to cooperation with the European Union, their
connections and respective weight.
To help decision-makers in identifying, formulating and
implementing policies and strategies.
Different scopes of Mapping
Mapping is a tool that applies to different needs
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Preparation of a capacity building programme for CSOs
or NSA support programme (grants)
Call for proposal on civil society
Sectorial programmes (SPSP)
Political dialogue on country strategy or mid term review
Preparation of a Poverty reduction strategic paper
Human Rights policy dialogue
Component of the « political economy » analysis
Position of mapping in the ppcm
About objectives
If there is a proper understanding of the objectives that
originate the mapping of civil society actors, the
mapping scope will be better defined and its findings
will better meet the expectations
Well defined objectives will be translated in clear ToR
About objectives
Towards a new generation of mappings? From capacity building to
thematic and strategic partnerships?
10th EDF: 2nd generation of mappings
9th EDF: 1st generation
of mappings
Mapping exercises
fundamentally linked to
the identification or
implementation of a NSA
support programme
Mapping exercises will have to be linked to the
identification of a global NSA inclusion strategy , with
a view to mainstreaming participatory approaches into
the EC cooperation strategy, policies and tools.
Mapping exercises should be conducted from a
comprehensive governance perspective, (political
approach to civil society), particularly in view of the
new aid modalities foreseen (notably budget and sector
support etc.) and the roles that CS is called to play.
Where the EC is involved in sectoral approaches, it
may be particularly useful to have an in-depth mapping
of civil society groups involved in that sector (sectoral
mappings).
How to do a mapping?
Why and who to engage with?
From one-single-interlocutor
model of engagement (the State)
towards a multi-stakeholder model
of engagement (State + NSA + LA
+…)
Mapping steps
Preparation => take stock of the existing studies (avoid “reinventing the
wheel”) (ex. SIDA Power analysis, DFID “Drivers for change”,
CIVICS Index, etc
1. Clarify definition of NSAs / civil society
2. Assess CSO typology (individual organisations and networks)
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Formal / informal
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Nation wide / regional (within the country)
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Donor driven / NGO driven
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Thematic networks
3. Appraisal of CSO capacity
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Operational capacity (financial resources, technical resources, office,
equipment,…)
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Human resources capacity
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Capacity to engage in policy dialogue
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Capacity to implement policies / provide services including CD
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Capacity to monitor and advocate
Mapping steps
4. Assess organisational development and governance structuremechanisms
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Organisational set up (general assembly, management board,
members,…)
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Election modalities and rotation of board members
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Financing structure (payment of membership, income generating
activities, provision of services,…)
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Relationships to own members (kind of communication, exchange of
information, provision of services, clarity of role between umbrella
and individual organisations,…)
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Relationships to other networks (within same sector and accros
sectors)
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Relationships to local authorities and state actors
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Most significant achievements sofar
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Human resources (thematic and methodological expertise and
stability over time)
Mapping steps
5. Assess political context
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National legislation (procedures for registration, )
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Existing collaboration between NSAs and SA (policy formulation,
dialogue,…)
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Existing national programmes involving /targeting NSAs
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View of CSOs on political context
6. Legal and institutional mechanisms to involve CSOs
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Access to public information
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Regulation on CSO involvement in policy formulation or
implementation
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Role of advisory bodies
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Public consultation
Mapping steps
7. Assess donors and international NGOs
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Map relevant programmes
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List past and ongoing capacity development programmes
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Assess existing instruments
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Assess coordination mechanisms
Mapping steps
8. Identify potential entry points to engage with civil society
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Best practices and major mistakes
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Assess the mechanisms already in place or to be put in place in order
for NSA to be involved in the programming, reviewing and
evaluation of EC-financed development co-operation.
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Identify typology of context / entry points
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Identify most relevant approaches
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Set a time line / review mechanisms
Mapping tools
Matrix of types of Actors (state, economy, civil
society) in general and per sector
Timelines and legal frameworks
Dynamics/Contradictions/tensions
4 levels of structuration of CSOs (represent
different level of interest..)
Geographical map: (concentration/gaps)
Civil society
Employers/Private Sector
Unions/Economic and Social Partners
NSA Platforms
4th Level
Coalitions of
umbrella
organisations
International
Union organisations/movements
3rd Level
Networks,
federations, unions,
etc
National Employer’s
Organisation/Ombrella
Regional/National Union organisations
2nd Level
NGOs, associations
Sectoral employers'
Organisations
Sectoral union organisations/mutuelles
1st Level
Grassroots organisations
Grassroots Union organisations
Tips for a succesfull mapping
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Clearly identify the objectives of the mapping (different
contextes)
Combine a qualitative and quantitative approach
Find the balance between quick assessment and long term
analysis
Maintain the window open to new actors (so as to
integrate dynamics of civil society)
Focus on “drivers for change”
Bring together the main actors involved (HQ and DEL,
other donors)
Hire consultants with an excellent command of civil
society matters in the country
RECENT SURVEY ON MAPPING EXERCICES (1)
In the last 5 years, about 30 Civil Society / NSA mapping studies
have been conducted or are ongoing:
 ACP: 20
 ASIA: 1
 LA: 4
 NEIGHBOURHOOD SOUTH: 3
 NEIGHBOURHOOD EAST : 2
Ongoing work on capitalising on mapping studies (PPCM)
NSA invlovement
In terms of possible options regarding the inclusion of NSA in the
mapping phase, the following examples may be considered:
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The creation of a Task Force or Working Group charged with
monitoring the process (from the preparation of the ToRs to the
validation of results), for example in Niger, Senegal etc.
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Creation of an informal group for consultation (e.g. Mali, Chad
etc.);
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Workshops on a regional basis (Mauritania, Mali, Guinea, Uganda,
Somalia, Zambia, Malawi, etc.);
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A national review workshop (Guinea, Mali, Mauritania, Zambia,
Ethiopia, etc.);
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A public restitution workshop (Senegal, CAR, etc.).
Lessons learned
The advantages
Shared analysis and better understanding of the general context, and major
stakes
Better understanding of the nature, expectations, strengths and weaknesses
of NSA
Facilitation of contact with NSA
Logistical facilitation (e.g. workshops)
Useful tool in the diagnosis and in the preparation of action fiches (AAP)
both for thematic and geographic programmes
In light of the 'budget support' (General BS or SPSP), the mapping
studies could be extremely useful to engage NSA in the New Aid
Modalities (NAM) [1];
In some countries, the mapping is completed with a comprehensive data
base, eventually made by other donors (CIVICUS).
[1] Reference Document n° 12 "Engaging Non-State Actors in New Aid Modalities“
Lessons learned
The disadvantages
Arbitrary choice of actors (who selects those with the right to
participate?)
Risk of omitting key typological actors (ex. Risk of excluding
grassroots NSA)
Risk of raising expectations
Quantitative data's of NSA involved in a particular sector, or
in a geographical area, might influence the programming of
activities;
Regular update is required; turn over of EU staff makes
continuity difficult (especially in fragile countries and in
post conflict situations);
MAPPING, references and tools?
Guidelines on principles and good practices for the participation of NSAs in the
development dialogue and consultation (2004)
Handbook on promoting governance in EC development and cooperation (2004)
Capitalisation study of 9th EDF (2009)
Toollit for capacity development (2009)
Methodological guide for implementing a mapping of civil society actors in Latin
American countries (2008)
Evaluation of EC aid delivery through CSOs (2008)
CISOCH web site
https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/aidco/index.php/Main_Page
/www.cc.cec/dgintranet/europeaid/activities/thematic/e4/civil_society/key_tools_g
uidelines_en.htm
Capacity for development website
Thank you
for your attention !