Transcript Chapter Five

School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Chapter Five
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Gender & Education in Colonial America
• First 150 years
mostly barred from public schools
unnecessary to educate girls in agrarian/frontier
society
females “unsuited” for intellectual activities
• Some private schools focus on “polite
accomplishments”
• The Revolution and the “cult of domesticity”
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Competing Ideological Perspectives
“More effective” female roles
Conservative position
 women’s place is in the home; no education necessary
Liberal position
 women’s place is in the home; education helpful
Gender Equality
Radical Position
 equal rights and educational opportunities
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Higher Education for Women
• Academies
 focus on “ladylike” subjects
 charged tuition
 Troy Female Academy most famous
• Normal schools
 focus on teacher training
• High Schools
 free public education
 retained focus on domestic concerns
• Colleges
 Antioch and Oberlin (Ohio)
 Vassar College as exemplar
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Women and Vocational Education
• Domestic science training
1910 NEA report
ethnic and class bias inherent in curriculum
• Commercial education
• Responded to changes in labor market and
need for cheap source of clerical labor
• Class biased as well as sex-segregated
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Concluding Remarks
• Intellectual subordination of women supported by a
religious interpretation of humanity
American revolution fostered increased educational
opportunities, with continued emphasis on preparation
for marriage and motherhood
• Transformed in Progressive Era to “domestic sciences”
• Teaching as appropriate vocation for women
• Conservative, liberal, and radical positions still evident
today in discussions of social and educational policy
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e
School & Society: Chapter 5
Diversity and Equity:
Schooling Girls and Women
Developing Your Professional Vocabulary
• Catherine Beecher
• college education of
women
• colonial education of
women
• cult of domesticity
• Sarah M. Grimke
• Horace Mann’s views
on the education of
women
• Seneca Falls
Convention of 1848
• Troy Female Seminary
• Emma Willard
• Mary Wollstonecraft
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(c) 2006 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Tozer/Senese/Violas, School and Society, 5e