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International Organization for Standardization www.iso.org SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 1 International Standards: Effective instruments for raising the competitiveness of the Russian Industry by Alan Bryden ISO Secretary-General Moscow 10 April 2008 SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 2 Outline of presentation The global context Technical regulations and consensus based standards The ISO System IEC and ISO Europe and ISO The Russian Federation and ISO SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 3 An increasing demand for consensus based International Standards Globalization of trade in products and services Outsourcing and offshoring of procurement and investment Deregulation of public services Response to climate change and energy efficiency Public demand for consumer and environmental protection Need for international solidarity to face terrorism, epidemics and natural disasters Deployment of new technologies and innovation SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 4 A new global framework for technical harmonization WTO : TBT, SPS and GATS (services) agreements Multiplication of regional and bilateral trade agreements: more than 200 identified by WTO Major new emerging economies (China, India, Brazil, CIS, ASEAN countries…) and regulatory reforms Good regulatory practices and reference to standards, as components of good public governance Global companies Increasing impact of societal NGOs SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 5 WTO – Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (1) 151 signatory countries (as of 2008-01-01) Avoidance of unnecessary obstacles to trade Non-discrimination and national treatment Transparency Harmonization Equivalence of technical regulations Mutual recognition of conformity assessment procedures SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 6 WTO – Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (2) Recognizes countries’ rights to adopt the technical regulations they consider appropriate Justification of divergences with international practice: climatic, geographic, safety, security, environment,… (notification, safeguard clause and dispute resolution processes) Encourages countries to use international standards where appropriate Sets out rules for the preparation, adoption and application of standards by governments and standardizing bodies developing voluntary standards WTO Code of Good Practice ratified by 163 Standardizing Bodies. Access through ISO-IEC Information Center (www.standardsinfo.net) SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 7 Role of international standards in WTO-TBT context Voluntary consensus-based international standards need to meet several criteria in order to facilitate international trade: Transparency Openness Impartiality and consensus Effectiveness and relevance Coherence Inclusion of developing countries SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 8 Technical regulations address issues such as Safety Fairness of trade Security Consumer, user or worker information Health Environmental impact Accessibility SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Relating to products, processes, plants, building, services or business practices Moscow 9 Complementarity between technical regulations and standards Regulations set mandatory requirements and related conformity assessment deemed necessary by the legislator for protecting citizens, the environment, infrastructures and property (intellectual, physical) Consensus based standards address technicalities and good practices for implementing technical regulations. They are developed by a transparent process involving all the interested stakeholders International Standards may reconcile legitimate societal requirements with avoiding unnecessary technical barriers to trade SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 10 Consensus based standards address many issues Terms and definitions Graphical symbols, pictograms and labeling Measurement, analysis and test methods Interoperability requirements Processing, validation and exchange of data SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Performance characteristics for quality, safety, security, health, environmental requirements Organizational and management practices Packaging Conformity assessment Moscow 11 The World Standards Cooperation (WSC) The leading international standardization organizations Multi-discipline and cross-sector For electrotechnology For telecommunications Collaborate to meet the challenges of converging technologies SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 12 The ISO system At February 2007 157 national members 1 105 standards produced in 2007 Collection of 17 041 ISO Standards 186 active TCs 3 000 technical bodies 50 000 experts SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 • IT tools • Standards development procedures • Consensus building • Dissemination Central Secretariat in Geneva 153 staff Moscow 13 Evolution of the ISO membership * March 2008 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 143 146 148 148 14 15 15 11 156 159 157* 10 11 10 44 42 36 37 36 37 46 93 94 97 100 100 104 105 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Member bodies SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Corrrepondent members Subscriber members Moscow 14 ISO’s global networking WTO: observer status and collaboration UN and UN agencies: CODEX, ILO, IMO, ITC, UPU, UN/ECE, UNIDO, WHO, WMO, WTO-Tourism,... World Customs Organization (WCO) 720 liaisons and partnerships with international and regional organizations in technical work Links with seven regional bodies (ACCSQ, AIDMO, ARSO, CEN, COPANT, EASC, PASC) Economic actors: Accreditation: IAF and ILAC, Consumers International, ICC, IFAN, World Economic Forum, World Energy Council, etc… SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 15 World total number of ISO 9001:2000 certificates 900000 800000 700000 600000 500000 400000 300000 200000 100000 0 Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 16 Collaboration with IEC Coordination of technical work Conformity assessment : CASCO Patent policy Copyright protection Use of ISO and IEC standards in regulations JTC 1 on Information Technologies SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 17 ISO & Europe Vienna Agreement signed in 1991 with CEN Four main mechanisms for ensuring equivalence of ISO and European standards : Adoption of ISO standards by CEN Parallel approval of work items under ISO leadership Parallel approval of work items under CEN leadership Adoption by ISO of European Standards SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 18 ISO-CEN: Vienna Agreement in figures As of December 2007 : 3382 European standards are identical to ISO standards (of the total 12372 EN standards) Ongoing work at 2007-12-31: Parallel approval – ISO lead 725 – CEN lead 92 Direct adoption by CEN: 119 ongoing SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 19 Some issues in ISO topical for Russian stakeholders Oil and gas Aeronautics Coal Motor vehicles Steel Industrial equipment and Paper and pulp automation Timber Building and construction Water quality Food safety SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 20 Some issues in ISO topical for Russian stakeholders Security Environment and climate change Energy efficiency and renewable sources Services: financial services, IT, tourism, water … Aquaculture and fisheries Information and Communication Technologies Nano-technologies and Biotechnologies Healthcare and medical technologies Management System Standards Conformity assessment SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 21 GOST-R : The gateway to ISO for Russian stakeholders ISO member since 1947 (USSR until end 1991) Position in ISO governance Council member in 1947-1994; 1996-1997; 2000-2001; 2006-2007 ISO Presidents: A. B.Viatkine,1962-1964; V.V. Boitsov,1977-1979 ISO General Assembly in 1967 Participation in technical work: 8 TC/SC Secretariats 496 P-memberships (72% of all TC/SCs) 84 O-memberships (12% of all TC/SCs) Participation in Policy Development Committees: CASCO P-Member COPOLCO P-Member DEVCO P-Member SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 22 ISO’s added value Broad national membership Extensive international networking and liaisons ISO Code of Ethics Brand name Established procedures and recognition Multi-sector scope Fully compliant with WTO criteria for international standards International network SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Consistency and maintenance of the ISO collection Involvement in e-commerce Reference in regulations and public procurements ISO toolbox for conformity assessment standards Wide dissemination of ISO standards and national adoptions Connections with societal interests (environment, consumers, social responsibility,...) Moscow 23 ISO International Standards for a sustainable world Thank for your attention! http://www.iso.org SG/cta/14905411 2008-04-10 Moscow 24