Transcript History of Outdoor Recreation

NRM 61 – Outdoor Recreation
Management
 Introduction – Course Syllabus/Instructor Intro
 Class/Student Pre-test
 Quick student intro!!
Outdoor Recreation
 Pretest!!
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On a blank piece of paper, answer the
following:
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Give a definition of outdoor recreation.
Who provides outdoor recreation services?
What types of jobs are available in the field?
What is your ‘dream job’ in this field?
History of Outdoor Recreation
Historical Context of
Outdoor Recreation
 Frontier period 1500’s-1890
 Acquisition period 1782-1867
 Transfer and disposal period 1802-1934
 Reservation Period 1872-1934
 Custodial, Extensive and Intensive Management
1905 - Present
Outdoor recreation history
 Frontier period 1500’s-1890
 Conquer nature, make profitable
Outdoor recreation history
 Acquisition period 1782-1867
-Lewis &
Clark
Outdoor recreation history
 Transfer and disposal period 1802-1934
Custodial Era
 The Yellowstone National Park Act of 1872 opened the door for the
establishment of large areas of land for public purposes, including
recreation.
 Lands were to be held in reserve – to be protected but not necessarily
utilized.
 Held in ‘custodial’ state. (Little access, no facility development, no
sense of urgency for management)
Outdoor recreation history
 Preservation Period 1872-1934
 Some areas have unique and special values and
should be set aside rather than disposed of
Custodial Era (Con’t)
 National Park Service was
established in 1916,
however, there was very little
change in public land use
and recreational use.
 Stephen Mather, first
director, was building a
constituency for parks and
wilderness as opposed to
forests.
 Industrial Revolution brought
people to cities.
Outdoor recreation history
 Custodial Management
 Money, personnel, expertise
 First rangers were
soldiers
1920’s & 1930’s
 Battle between the U.S. Forest Service and the
National Park Service with Olympic National Park
and Grand Teton NP.
 1930’s – CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)
 Upgrade of the economy with WWII.
 Period of economic prosperity
 People had more money and time than every before.
 People began to seek pleasurable leisure experiences,
particularly in outdoor settings.
Extensive Management Era
 1950’s & 1960’s – Public land use expanded greatly.
 Increase of facilities and access in order to accommodate more people.
 Increased logging accelerated the construction of what has become
many thousands of miles of coincidental access to formerly isolated
areas.
Extensive Management Era (Con’t)
 Main Emphasis – Increasing the supply of
recreational opportunities.
 Two major programs
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Resource Management
 Site Protection and maintenance
 Silvicultural treatment of overstory vegetation
 Recreation road construction
Visitor Management
 Informational services
 Concession services
 Expansion of Interpretive Programs
 Public Safety
At the end of the Extensive
Management Era (Con’t)
 New kinds of
recreational equipment
becoming available.
(snowmobiles, trail
bikes and ATV’s)
 Time to update the
program
Outdoor recreation participation
Intensive Management Era
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Coordinate the capability of the resource with the
perceived needs of visitor.
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Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission
(ORRRC) 1962
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Providing outdoor recreation is the responsibility of the
government
Intensive Management Era
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Major new forces in outdoor recreation
 Flood of new laws
 Nat’l Wilderness Preservation Act, Nat’l Trails
System Act, Nat’l Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, Nat’l
Env. Policy Act, Endangered Species Act, etc.
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Increased public participation
 Better educated, more widely traveled, more vocal
public
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Increased confrontation
 Lawsuits, funding conflicts, crime in urban parks,
public-private partnerships
Intensive Management Era
 Coordinate the
capability of the
resource with the
perceived needs of
visitors.
 Update and develop
data on the effect of
visitor participation and
the type of use.
 Visitor perception of the
“Recreation
Experience”
Intensive Management Era (Con’t)
 Management by Objectives – Recreation manager
required to develop specific management objective
for each newly planned area.
 Hence . . . The role of the manager!!!
 User
Recreational Opportunity
Recreational Experience
Satisfaction!
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The role of the manager is to provide the recreational
opportunity
Providers of Recreation
 Think in terms of JOBS!!
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Cities, open space areas, County, State and
Federal Agencies, Private/For Profit
Executive branch of Federal Government; U.S. Political System for NRM and
Environmental Protection
Agency “Missions” will Differ
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Forest Service Mission Statement:
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The National Park Service Mission
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www.CorpsLakes.us - Corps Lakes Gateway
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mission:
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http://www.nv.blm.gov/wilderness/WSA_mission_statement.pdf
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Mission:
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The National Park Service - Our Mission
Bureau of Land Management Mission:
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US Forest Service - Caring for the land and serving people
Who We Are: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Bureau of Reclamation
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Bureau of Reclamation: About Us
.
Parks for the People Delimma
 Get with a partner.
 Introduce yourselves
 Discuss your
ideas/solutions for
managing a National
Park with the ‘multiple
purpose’ Mission
Statement.
 Prepare ideas for
sharing with entire
class.