Transcript BELARUS IS MY HOMELAND

BELARUS IS MY HOMELAND
“THERE IS NO PLACE LIKE HOME”
K. Byullo
I love my land my mother country
Where I was born and where I grew
Where for the first time I met gladness
And wept my tears of sorrow too
I love our Belarusian people
Their huts mid orchards green I love
The golden grain upon the meadows
The rustle of the wooden groves
I love my native songs resounding
Which girls are singing on the roads.
And deeper tones which over meadows
Come pouring forth and freely float
K. Byullo
Plan of discussion
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Geographical position
National symbols
Flora and fauna
From the history of Belarus
Belarus in Great Patriotic War
Industry and agriculture
Education, culture, science
Political system
Geographical Position
National
Symbols
The National Flag of Republic of
Belarus
The National Flag of Republic of
Belarus
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The National Flag of the Republic of Belarus , which is a symbol of
state sovereignty of the Republic of Belarus , is a rectangular cloth
consisting of two longitudinal stripes: red upper stripe and green lower
stripe that are two-thirds and one-third of the flag width respectively. A
vertical red-on-white Belarusian decorative pattern, which occupies
one-ninth of the flag’s length is placed against the flagstaff .The flag’s
ratio of width to length 1 to 2 . The flag is fixed on a flagstaff painted
golden .
During ceremonies and other solemn events , the National Flag of the
Republic of Belarus is used with a diamond-shaped top edge
containing a five-point star. The star is analogous to the one depicted
on the national Emblem of the Republic of Belarus. The top edges are
made of yellow metal.
The National Emblem of the
Republic of Belarus
The National Emblem of the
Republic of Belarus
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The National Emblem of the Republic of Belarus,
which is a symbol of state sovereignty of the Republic
of Belarus, represents a green-colored contour of the
Republic of Belarus in golden rays radiated by the sun
over the globe. On top of the contour is a five-pointed
red star. The emblem is set in a frame of wreath of
golden wheat-ears interlaced with clover flowers on the
right and flax flowers on the left. Wheat-ears are
interlaced with a red-green ribbon carrying a golden
inscription ‘’ The Republic of Belarus’’ at the bottom.
The National Anthem of
the Republic of Belarus
was adopted by the
President of Belarus on
July 2,2002
The National Anthem of the
Republic of Belarus
Words by
M.Klimkovich,U.Karyzna
Music by N.Sakalouski
Our land
To describe our land one needs
to be a poet. If you go north,
you will see a land of Braslav
lakes with crystal-clear blue
waters surrounded by pine
groves. If you go west, you
will find yourself in the Brest
province—the land of
immense fields and meadows.
In the south you will be
engulfed by infinite forests
and marches.
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A third of Belarus is under
forest. The largest forests are
called pushchas. The
Byelovezhskaya Pushcha is
famous for its aurochs
(European bisons). Fauna is
rich and diverse there: one
can see elks and deer, wild
boars and wolves, bears and
foxes, beavers and lynxes, not
mentioning myriads of birds.
Flora of Belarus
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Forests , pinewoods,
mighty-oak groves, birch
groves and all sorts of
other mixed forest
formations are the
charm, wealth and pride
of our homeland.
Influence of forests
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Belarusian woods can also
be a good place for rest,
especially for towns-people.
They also have a favorable
influence on soil, climate,
they constrain high waters,
storms, make the air purer
and protect ,soil from
erosion, and they also
prevent some other
unpredictable natural
phenomena.
The Great Patriotic
War
(1941-1945)
June 22, 1941
Belarusian Industry
The industry of Belarus submitted:
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Light Industry
Automobile Industry
Machine-Tool and Tool Industry
Tractor and Agricultural Engineering
Road Construction and Municipal Mechanical Engineering
Instrument Manufacture and Electrotechnical industry
Radio-Electronic Industry
Chemical and Petrochemical industry
Wood, Wood-Processing and Cellulose-Paper industry
Food-Processing industry
Agriculture
Forestry
Introduction
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Industry production makes up 31.6% of gross
production in the economy of
Belarus.Nowadays Belarus is a country of
developed industry. There are hundreds of
industrial enterprises in the city which produce
tractors and automobiles, motor-cycles and
bicycles, TV-sets and radio-sets, watches and
refrigerators, electronic computers, textile,
footwear, food and other goods.
Light industry
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Light industry is one of the major branches
of industrial production in the Republic of
Belarus. It numbers more than 1170
enterprises and manufacturers, with more
than 220 thousand people engaged. The
share of light industry in the total volume of
industrial production makes up 7.4%.The
largest enterprises of the branch are
incorporated into the structure of the
Belarusian concern on production and
marketing of light industry goods
(“Bellegprom”). The share of these large
enterprises in the production of light
industry of the republic amounts to more
than 87%. There are also some other
medium and small enterprises. Industrial
opportunities of the Belarusian light industry
are focused on producing a wide range of
products: flax fiber, washed wool, cotton
yarn, flax yarn, volumetric yarn, staple yarn,
cotton fabric , linen woolen and silk fabrics,
carpets and carpetware, nonfabric materials
of fabric type, sewing threads, textile dry
goods, knitted products, stockings and socks,
sewed products, corset products, tough
leather products, artificial leather, artificial fur
on a knitted base, tanning dry goods, oilcloth,
furs and fur products, leather footwear,
zippers, etc.
Automobile
industry
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automobile industry is the leading branch of
mechanical engineering. Its share in machinebuilding production makes up more than 30%.The
enterprises of the automobile industry comprise
more than 14.5% of the workforce engaged in
mechanical engineering. The enterprises of the
above sector of mechanical engineering produce
lorries, buses, trolleybuses, trailers for automobile
and tractors electrical equipment and devices. Its
structure incorporates also two enterprises which
produce bearings. At the Minsk Automobile
Factory (MAZ)- the flagship of the home motor
industry-a set of arrangements on modernization
and creation of new modifications of automobiles
and expansion of nomenclature has been carried
uot. The automobiles factories are in Grodno,
Borisov, Mogilyov .
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Machine –Tool
industry
Belarus within the framework of the former
USSR specialized in machine tool
production, production of blacksmithextruding and foundry equipment, metaland wood-processing tools and
technological equipment. The share of
these branches in the total volume of
mechanical engineering makes up 3.3%,
and with regard to the aggregate number of
workers-more than 7%. Machine-tool
factories are in Minsk, in Gomel, in Kobrin,
in Baranovichi and in Orsha.
Tractor and Agricultural Engineering
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There are 36 enterprises of tractor
and agricultural mechanical
engineering on the territory of the
Republic of Belarus with more
then 80 thousand workers. These
highly specialized enterprises
produce universal-furrow wheeled
tractors, engines, starting engines,
units and details for tractors, selfpropelled combine-harvesters,
potato diggers, organic fertilizer
spreaders, tractor trailers and
other agricultural vehicles and
components. PA Minsk Tractor
Works is the largest in the world
producer of wheel tractors. Its
share in the world output of
tractors of this type equals to 810%.
Instrument Manufacture and
Electrotechnical Industry
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Enterprises of these branches number
about 15% of all engaged in
mechanical engineering and produce
one tenth of machine-building
production. The basic types of
electrotechnical devices made in the
republic are electric motors of
alternating current, electric lamps, cable
products, wires and cords for electric
household appliances, and as to the
instrument-making branch-computing
and managing complexes, personal
computers and various types of
devices. The most famous factories are
The Kozlov memorial electrotechnical
factory in Minsk, The Vitebsk PA
“Izmeritel”, The Mogilyov “Electric
Motor” factory.
Radio-Electronic Industry
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The radio-electronic industry of
Belarus within the framework of
the uniform economic complex of
the USSR specialized mainly in
manufacturing computer facilities,
mobile automated control systems,
optical devices, communication
facilities and systems, air
equipment, telemetering
equipment, products of electronic
engineering and other elements of
armaments and military
engineering In Minsk it is located
two factories. There are The Minsk
PA “Calibre” and The Minsk
Factory “Thermoplast”.
Wood, WoodProcessing and
Cellulose-Paper
industry
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The wood, wood-processing and
cellulose-paper industry is one of the
oldest branches of the industrial
complex of Belarus. It has managed
to continue functioning stebly even
during the difficult transitional period.
The branch has 210 enterprises with
the status of a legal entity, and also
3.8 thousand subsidiary manufactures,
being on the balance of industrial,
constructional, agricultural and other
economic subjects. In its turn
enterprises of the wood, woodprocessing and cellulose-paper
industry of Belarus import from
Germany and other countries of
Europe engineering equipment and
tools, and also various materials for
the manufacture of furniture.
Forestry
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The Republic of Belarus possesses huge wood
resources, the total area of wood stock makes
about 43% of the territory of the country.
According to the national legislation, woods are
public propriety and are owned by the state. The
quality of timber, especially coniferous, is fairly
high. The most widespread woods are pine
woods, covering 3032.6th ha ,fir woods-674.2
thousand hectares, birch-1045th, black alder427,4th, oak 211th, aspen-104.6th ha. The total
stock of woods makes 1093.2 m cubic m., and
lately it has increased by 118 m cubic m., and the
standing stock of woods has increased from 30m
cubic m. up to 5252m cubic m.
Agriculture of the Republic
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Almost half of the territory of the Republic
of Belarus, covering 20.7 m ha, is occupied
by agricultural lands. The number of
workers engaged in agricultural production
in 1997 reached 740 thousand people or
17.0% of all the workers, engaged in the
national economy. Agriculture produces
more than 11% of the gross national
product of the republic. The profitability of
agricultural production makes about 20%.
Each agricultural worker “feeds” nearly 13
people. A large part of agricultural
production is made by large agricultural
enterprises: collective farms-ready-made
production and all their assets are the
property of all the members of these farms,
and state farms-ready-made production and
all their assets are the property of the state,
and their workers are state employees.
Education in Belarus
The National Academy of Sciences of
Belarus, founded in 1929, is the leading
scientific center of Belarus. The
Academy scientists have achieved
significant success in R&D activities in
the field of mathematics, physics,
chemistry, biology, Earth science, social
sciences and the humanities. As of
01.07.2002, the staff of the Academy
and affiliated institutions included
more than 17,000 researchers and
technicians, 611 Doctors of Sciences
(equivalent of Prof.) and about 2,270
Candidates of Sciences (equivalent of
Ph.D.). Intergovernmental agreements
on cooperation in the field of sciences
and technologies have been signed with
60 countries, including Great Britain,
Germany, India, China, Russia, the US,
and Japan.
Belarus is a country with highly developed
science and advanced education. The
adult literacy rate in Belarus is 99.7%,
and the country has a high primary,
secondary and tertiary gross enrolment
ratio (the highest in the CIS countries
according to UNESCO Institute for
Statistics). The ratio of university
students (303 per 10,000 people) is the
level of leading European countries,
including Germany, the Netherlands,
Sweden, and Finland.
The Belarusian educational system includes
more than 5,000 preschool institutions,
nearly the same number of
comprehensive schools, colleges and
lyceums, and 58 higher educational
institutions. Students from 83 countries
study at the Belarusian universities.
Nowadays the number of students
attending different educational
establishments has not changed.
The republic guarantees its citizens
the right to universal secondary
education and creates means for
further professional education. It
tries to preserve the democratic
character of education, paying
much attention to common human
values, developing independent
critical thinking instead of simple
perception of information.
The republic is reforming its system of education today with the aim of creating an
independent, qualitatively new national school, corresponding to international standards and
ensuring each citizen the right to the high-quality education according to his abilities and
inclinations.
The republic is reforming its system of education today with the aim of creating an independent,
qualitatively new national school, corresponding to international standards and ensuring each citizen
the right to the high-quality education according to his abilities and inclinations. The reform envisages
a continuity of study at all stages, such as pre-school, secondary school, vocational training and
specialized secondary school, and at the higher school level. It gives teachers and students freedom in
the choice of educational forms and methods, while the results must correspond to the state
educational standards.
The main principles of the educational system in Belarus are the priority of human values, national culture
as the basis of education, humanism, sense of ecological purpose, scientific basis, democracy, support
of gifted children and so on.
In the period from 1996 till 2010 the reform envisages:
12 year secondary school. Academic education in the 11—12th forms according to the main trends of the
higher education: humane, natural, aesthetic and technological.
Primary vocational training at vocational schools.
Secondary vocational training at secondary specialized schools and colleges.
Higher education at two levels: the first level for those seeking a bachelor's degree (4—5 years) and the
second level to obtain a master's degree (5—6 years).
Possibility for masters to obtain doctoral degree.
There have been changes in the organization of education itself. New types of educational
The political portrait of the
country.
The President of the Republic
Belarus
The Premier Minister of Belarus
Sergey Sidorsky
The Minister of Defense
Leonid Maltsev
The House of the Government
The State Power in Belarus
The Executive
Power
The Legislative
The Judicial
Power
Power
(The National Assembly)
The President of
the Republic
Court
The Council of Ministers
(The Government)
The House of Representatives
The
Constitutional
regional courts
The Council of the
Republic
(110 deputies are elected by the people of RB) (8 members are appointed by
the President)
BELARUS IS MY HOMELAND
“THERE IS NO PLACE LIKE HOME”