Transcript SS7H3d Describe the impact of Communism in China in terms

Communist China
SS7H3d
Describe the impact of
Communism in China in terms of
Mao Zedong, the Great Leap
Forward, the Cultural Revolution,
and
Tiananmen Square.
China
Chiang Kai-shek
Communism
Mao Zedong
Leader of the Chinese
Nationalist Party (KMT)
in the 1920s, 1930s, and
1940s
An economic and political
system in which property is
owned collectively and
labor is organized in a way
that is supposed to benefit
all people; the government
controls all resources
(natural, capital, and
human)
Established China as a
communist state in 1949.
Attempted to wipe out the
Chinese Communist Party
(CCP) in 1934
Improved transportation,
education, and industry, but
failed to improve the lives
of peasants in China… this
led to the resurgence of the
Chinese Communist Party
(CCP)
Was part of the CCP
Attempted to strengthen
China economically by
instituting the Great Leap
forward in 1958
His programs backfired and
production in farms and
factories actually
decreased
20 million Chinese starved
to death as a result
Long March
Summary to read:
“In October 1934, during a civil war, embattled Chinese Communists broke
through Nationalist enemy lines and began an epic flight from their encircled
headquarters in southwest China. Known as the Long March, the trek lasted a
year and covered some 4,000 miles (or more, by some estimates). The Long
March marked the emergence of Mao Zedong (1893-1976) as the undisputed
leader of the Chinese Communists.”
Notes:
• Mao Zedong’s Red Army (CCP) marched over
4,000 miles through swampland and over
mountains to escape Chiang Kai-shek’s
Nationalist (KMT) forces;
• Less than 20,000 of the 100, 000 that started the
journey survived; the communists gained peasant
support along the way
Communist Revolution
• Chiang Kai-shek joined forces with Mao Zedong and the
Chinese Communist Party following the Japanese
invasion of China at the start of World War II
• When World War II ended the two sides turned on each
other again
• Communists (CCP) defeated the Nationalists (KMT) in
1949 and Mao declared China a Communist state called
the People’s Republic of China;
• Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists fled to what is now
Taiwan
The Long March Diary Entry
Mao’s Policies
Great Leap Forward
Cultural Revolution
1958-1961
1966-1976
Series of policies that Mao Zedong
thought would help China to become
equal to the West in agricultural and
industrial production
Mao Zedong launched programs to wipe
out past culture and history as well as
foreign influence
Established “Collectives”: governmentowned farms that employed large
numbers of workers
Shattered China’s economy; poor
agricultural production, droughts, and
floods caused famine and 20 million
Chinese starved in less than 2 years
Red Guards - high school students were
encouraged to form groups called Red
Guards-these groups had the
government’s permission to smash
books, artwork, religious temples, or
anything else that showed connections to
China’s past
Mao Dies
• 1980 Deng Xiaoping was named the leader
of China
• He had been with Mao since the Long
March but was more moderate
• Began to allow farmers to own some of their
own land
• Allowed some private business to organize
• Opened China to foreign investment and
technological advances
Document #1
Mao Visiting a Collective
Document
#2
People
living in a
collective