Transcript East Asia - Mr Anchel's Course Website

East Asia
8000-600
Pre-Imperial China
• Yellow & Yag. River
• Shang Period
– An. Warship/Orc. Bones/Bad Writing System
• Zhou Period
– Mandate of Heaven
• Warring State/Feudalism
– Conf./Legalism/Dao
Imperial China
• Qin Empire
– Unify China/Legalist/Standardization/Burnt The
Past Books
– Forced Labor…Great Wall
• Han Empire
– Expanded Empire/Confuc/Civil Service Exam (Br.)
– Golden Age – art, literature (paper), silk road
Japan & Pacific Rim
• Imperial Japan
– Hanna Period
– Shintoism…Buddhism
– High art and culture
• Polynesians
– Sea travelers…biggest colonizers
– Australia and the entire pacific island rim
– Might have traveled to the Americas
East Asia
600-1450
Reunification Period
• Sui Empire
– Aggressive (Civ Service/Buddhism), Grand Canal
• Tang Empire
– Neo-Confuc, Big army, tribute, wood block printing, golden age
period
• Song Empire
– Neo-Confuc, compass, gun powder, movable print, paper currency
and flying money (Move the south China)
• Yuan Empire (Mongol)
– K. Kahn, no civil service exam, Forbidden City, Marco Polo, Keep
most Chinese culture alive
• Ming Empire
– Over throw Mongols, undue everything Mongol, move capital, cut
off trade with central Asia, economic problems….growing pop =
less room for cash crops. Art, literature and Porcelain. (China)
Japan
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Rise of Feudalism
Power of the Daimyos
Importance of Samurai
Rise of the Shogun
Kamakuria Shogunate
East Asia
1450-1750
• Decline of the Mings
– Economic problems, Japan attacks, piracy from japan,
internal rebellions…use Manchu troops to put down
rebellion
• Qing Empire
– Same Manchu troops overthrow the Mings
– Young smart Emperor. Jesuits, China is very advance
– Lux Goods from china…Canton System…not buying
goods from Europe by limiting their market
– McCarthy tries to end the canton system…doesn’t
work.
Japan
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100 Year Civil War
Rival Warlords/Daimyos
Hidyoshi – invades Korea and China…he dies
Tokagawa Shogunate forms
Anti western influence (trade and religion)
Samurai's importance declines…many become
merchants
East Asia
1750-1900
China
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Qing Empire’s Decline
Chinese are introduced to opium by the British
British introduce this to increase trade
They tried to stop the opium trade, unsuccessful
Leads to the Opium Wars
As a result, China is forced to abandon the Canton
System & Hong Kong becomes theirs
• Taiping Rebellion & Boxer Rebellion occur
• Most major powers try to claim China as a sphere of
influence
• Qing empire falls & the Republic of China begins
Japan
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Marked by the fall of the Tokugawa Shogunate
Beginning of the Meiji Restoration period
It’s all about modernizing as fast as possible
They do this w/ state sponsored factories.. Bla bla
bla
• Lack of land & natural resources is a major issue
• This leads to the Russo-Japanese War, which they
win
East Asia
1900 - Current
China
• Republic of China is formed, problematic
• Mao Zedong becomes the new leader &
introduces Communism
• Great Leap Forward & Cultural Revolution
were two attempts by Mao to industrialize
which killed 50 million people
• Tiananmen Square was a revolution where the
people wanted more freedom from the gov
Africa
8000-600
Africa
• N.A. = Rise of Egypt. Aliens, hyroglyphics,
• Religion caused advancements in anatomy,
medicine, stuff
• Sub-saharan=Bantu migration. They spread
metal
Africa
600-1450
• Rise of Muslims across northern Africa forming states vs.
stateless societies in sub Saharan
• Introduce camels. Good for trading across Sahara, trades
salt, slaves, and gold
• Trade leads rise to powerful kingdoms like Ghana, then Mali
• Mali becomes most significant trading kingdom in this area,
is going to create universities and islamic centers of
learning
• Indian ocean trade network is huge in east Africa, trade is
very diverse, multi regional, becomes dominant during
Mongol takeover in Asia
• Swahili becomes common trading language
• Woman have higher standards in Africa
Africa
1450-1750
• Coastal colonies pop up in africa because they
need a layover points
• Golds discovered, Africa becomes important
for slave trade(triangular slave trade)
• Cape colony(dutch colony) is set up in south
africa. Known as cape of good hope
• Vasco de gama sails all the way around africa
to india
• Zulu nation gets formed in southern africa
Africa
1750 - 1900
Africa 1750-1900
Key Concepts
• African empires still strong
• End of the Atlantic slave trade
• Scramble for Africa
African Empires
Zulu in South Africa
• Conflict over grazing land and drought
• Moves from clan-structure to centralized power
Sokoto Caliphate in West Africa
• Muslim in push for more adherence to shari’a law
• Keep it a center of Islamic learning
• Traditional religions were suppressed
• Largest empire in W. Africa
Africa 1750-1900
Slave Trade
• Sharp decrease in pop, but doesn’t have a big impact
on the overall pop rates
• Revs. & moral factors push for an end to the slave
trade (Denmark, England then U.S.)
• British patrol the west coast, pushing the illegal trade
farther south and to the east (trade in the east already
going on for decades)
• After 1825-bigger demand for gold, ivory and palm oil
• Trading companies in Africa, using slave labor
• Now trade raw materials for western industrial
imports
Africa 1750-1900
Egypt & Ethiopia
• Big push for westernization and nationalism
• Muhammad Ali begins modernizing Egypt based on the
French model and starts building a modern arm (western
training and guns)
• Builds lots of railroads and infrastructure
• High cost, so he forced the peasants into the army and
grow cotton for exports
• Encourages nationalism by embracing islamic culture
• Ethiopia also modernizes and starts buying western
weapons (attempts to industrialize) and keeps changing
alliances with European counties to stay strong
Africa 1750-1900
New Imperialism
• Major cause was the Industrial Rev – colonies and resources to fuel industrial
growth
• Bring Africa into the world economy – both as suppliers and consumers
• Main materials-gold, diamonds, copper, ivory and cotton
• White Man’s Burden – call to civilize Africa
• French and Egyptians build the Suez Canal – but dept and low exports forced
them to sell their shares (starting England's occupation of Egypt)
• French and Belgium's interest in the wealth of the Congo prompted the Berlin
Conference “effective occupation” and the drawing up of new territorial
boarders
• Afrikaners-(Dutch descendents that colonies south Africa) move more north
for diamonds setting conflict between them and the British (Boer Wars) and
later brinish fight the Zulu and win because of better weapons., then establish
colonial holdings on Rhodesia.
• Paternalism- treat them like kids and rule over them. (force them to work, pay
taxes and follow their rules, law and religion)
Africa
1900 - Present
• There are still Black people in Africa. (some white
people)
• Ottoman Empire is losing control, try to regain
control by joining forces with the Germans during
WW1, doesn’t work out.
• Italy takes over, Germany backs them up. Eventually
America comes in.
• Egypt gets in conflict with Israel, six day war.
• Apartheid in South Africa
• Massive political, social, and economic chaos ever
since independence in Africa. Leads to violence, war,
and civil instability.