Transcript BLR's Safety Training Presentations

BLR’s
Safety Training Presentations
Ergonomics
General Duty Clause §5(a)(1) of the OSH Act
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Ergonomics and MSDs
 Effective Ergonomics Programs
 Quiz
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
What Is Ergonomics?
 Science of fitting jobs to
the people who do them
 Goal is to reduce workrelated MSDs when
their jobs require repetitive
reaching, bending, lifting,
using force, working
with vibrating equipment,
and doing other repetitive motions
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
What Are MSDs?
MSDs are injuries and illnesses to:
 Ligaments
 Muscles
 Joints
 Nerves
 Spinal discs
 Tendons
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Common MSDs
 Carpal tunnel
syndrome
 Tendinitis
 Trigger finger
 Raynaud’s
phenomenon
 De Quervain’s
disease
 Rotator cuff tendinitis
 Carpet layers’ knee
 Herniated spinal disc
 Low back pain
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Signs of MSDs
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Less strength for gripping
Less range of motion
Loss of muscle function
Inability to do everyday tasks
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Common Symptoms of MSDs
 Painful joints such as wrists, shoulders,
forearms, knees
 Pain, tingling, numbness in hands or feet
 Shooting pain in arms or legs
 Swelling, inflammation, burning sensation
 Fingers or toes turning white
 Back or neck pain or stiffness
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Report Signs or
Symptoms of MSDs
 Permanent disability may result if not
reported early
 Report signs or symptoms of MSDs to
your supervisor or human resources
representative
 Report MSD hazards
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Repetition
 Same motion over and
over puts stress on
muscles and tendons
 How often the
movement is repeated
 Speed of the movement
 Number of muscles involved
 Required force
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Forceful Exertions
 Amount of physical effort
required to perform a task
 Effort needed to control
equipment or tools
 Type of grip
 Weight of object
 Body posture
 Type and duration
of the task
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Awkward Postures
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Reaching
Twisting
Bending
Kneeling
Squatting
Working overhead
Holding fixed positions
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Contact Stress
 Pressing your body against
a hard or sharp edge
 Puts pressure on nerves,
tendons, and blood vessels
 Allowing your wrists
to rest on the keyboard
when typing
 Holding tools with hard handles
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Vibration
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Sanders
Grinders
Chippers
Routers
Drills
Saws
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Ergonomics and MSDs
 Effective Ergonomics Programs
 Quiz
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Management Leadership
and Employee Participation
 MSD reporting and
response system
 Designate persons with
authority and resources
to run the program
 Policies do not discourage employee
participation or reporting of MSDs
 Employees participate in development,
implementation, and evaluation of
ergonomics program
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Job Hazard Analysis
 Determine whether
MSD hazards exist
 Implement control
measures to reduce
the hazards
 Employee involvement in
identification and control is required
 Training for employees and supervisors
in affected jobs
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Control Methods
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Engineering Controls
Work Practice Controls
Administrative Controls
Use of PPE
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Evaluate Ergonomics Program
 Employer should
make sure the
program is effective
 Ask employees
for their opinions
 Ensure hazards are
being addressed
 Make necessary changes
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Goals
 Ergonomics and MSDs
 Effective Ergonomics Programs
 Quiz
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Summary
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Recognize MSD signs and symptoms
Understand MSD hazards
Learn to take steps to control MSD hazards
Report MSDs
Participate in the Ergonomics Program
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz
1. Name one risk factor that determines if repetition
contributed to an MSD: _________________________.
2. Loss of the muscle function is a sign
of an MSD.
True or False
3. MSDs are injuries to nerves and ___________________.
4. Name a vibrating tool that could contribute to an MSD:
_____________________________________________.
5. The preferred control measure in controlling
MSDs is the use of PPE.
True or False
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz (cont.)
6. Describe a common MSD symptom: ________________.
7. Describe an awkward posture that you may experience
while performing your job: _______________________.
8. What does contact stress put pressure on that may result in
an MSD? _____________________________________
9. Employee participation is not needed
for an effective ergonomics program.
True or False
10. The type of grip is a risk factor to consider
when evaluating jobs with forceful exertions.
True or False
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz Answers
1. How often motion repeated, speed of movement,
number of muscles involved, or required forces
2. True
3. Soft tissue
4. Sander, grinder, chipper, router, drill, saw
5. False. Engineering controls is the preferred
control measure
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.
Quiz Answers (cont.)
6. Painful joints, tingling or numbness, shooting pain,
swelling, pale fingers, back or neck stiffness
7. Reaching, twisting, bending, kneeling, squatting, working
overhead, holding fixed position
8. Nerves, tendons, or blood vessels
9. False; employee participation is essential and fundamental
10. True
11006115 ©2002 Business & Legal Reports, Inc.