A Time of Conflict

Mr. Rasmussen and Mrs. Asaro: Modern Pirates 6 th Grade Social Studies Do Now on board: KWL: What do you know about pirates? What do you want to know?

The Barbary Pirates

• Trade with Europe was very important to the American economy.

• After the American Revolution, pirates began attacking American ships in the Mediterranean Sea.

• These pirates were from the Barbary States of North Africa (Morocco, Algiers, Tripoli, Tunisia).

North Africa

Barbary Pirates

• • • European countries had been paying tribute to the Pirates to prevent these raids Jefferson decided not to pay tribute; instead, he sent warships to protect the merchant ships 1803-The American warship, the Philadelphia, ran aground in Tripoli and its men were imprisoned.

Barbary Pirates

• To prevent the pirates from using the warship, 60 Americans led by Stephen Decatur raided Tripoli Harbor and burned the Philadelphia down • 1805-American marines marched 600 miles across the Sahara desert and captured Tripoli, temporarily ending the pirate threat

Marine Anthem

•

From the Halls of Montezuma To the Shores of Tripoli; We fight our country's battles In the air, on land and sea

American Neutrality is Challenged

• 1803-Britain and France were at war and continued to seize American ships • British continued policy of impressment • Between 1803-1807, more than 1,500 American ships were seized by Britain or France

Jefferson’s Embargo

• To help stop these attacks on American ships, Jefferson imposed an embargo-a government order forbidding foreign trade • 1807-Congress passed the Embargo Act • Jefferson predicted that both nations would soon stop seizing American ships

Jefferson’s Embargo

• In just one year, American exports fell from $109 million to $25 million • This hurt the American economy-many lost their jobs • New Englanders were most angry about the embargo • Many Americans turned to smuggling illegally importing/exporting goods

Jefferson’s Embargo

• Embargo Act was repealed in 1809, just before Jefferson left office • New law allowed America to trade with any nation respecting their neutrality (this excluded Britain and France).

Tecumseh and the Prophet

• Americans’ movement west had a devastating impact on Native Americans.

• Many died of disease including measles, smallpox, and influenza.

• Natives were pushed off of their land to make room for farms and settlements.

New Leaders Emerge

• • • Two Shawnee brothers, Tenskwatawa (also known as the Prophet) and Tecumseh, began urging Native American resistance.

Tecumseh organized western tribes into leagues in order to restore Indian lands William Henry Harrison, the governor of the Indiana Territory, was concerned about Tecumseh’s message.

William Henry Harrison

• Note: Harrison went on to become the ninth President and served the shortest term-dying only one month after his Inaugural Address

The Battle of Tippecanoe

• 1811-While Tecumseh was recruiting allies, Harrison marched a thousand soldiers against Shawnee villages on the Tippecanoe River.

• In the Battle of Tippecanoe, Harrison defeated the Native Americans.

• Although defeat was devastating, Tecumseh and his warriors continued to organize and resist the American government for years to come.