Transcript Classification Chapter 18 - Forest Hills School District

Kingdoms & Domains
Chapter 18-3
http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg
As we discovered more about
the natural world…
not all organisms fit into Linnaeus’s
plant or _____)
animal
2 kingdoms (_____
fungi
Ex:
_________
_____
bacteria
Images from: http://www.leighday.co.uk/upload/public/docImages/6/Listeria%20bacteria.jpg
http://danny.oz.au/travel/iceland/p/3571-fungi.jpg
FIVE ORIGINAL KINGDOMS
_______________________
(BACTERIA)
http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg
As we learned more about bacteria,
MONERA kingdom was split
the __________
into TWO distinct kingdoms
___________
Eubacteria & ______________
Archaebacteria
6 KINGDOMS used today
Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
THREE-DOMAIN system
Molecular analyses have given
taxonomic
rise to a new
___________
category
_______ now recognized
= DOMAIN
_______
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
Domains are larger than Kingdoms and
are based on the kind of
Ribosomal
RNA an organism has.
____________
6 Kingdom
System
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Kidspiration by Riedell
Cell without a nucleus
PROKARYOTE
= ____________
REMEMBER
(Includes bacteria)
Cell with a nucleus and organelles surrounded
by membranes = _________________
EUKARYOTE
(includes plants and animals)
Organism that can make its own food using
photosynthesis or chemosynthesis =
AUTOTROPH
______________
Organism that gets food energy from
consuming other organisms = HETEROTROPH
_____________
A ONE-CELLED organism
UNICELLULAR
= _____________________
REMEMBER
Organism made of many cells
MULTICELLULAR
= ______________
Polysaccharide made by joining glucose
molecules together which makes plants sturdy
= _________________
CELLULOSE
http://bioweb.wku.edu/courses/Biol115/Wyatt/default.htm
DOMAIN: BACTERIA
KINGDOM: EUBACTERIA
PROKARYOTES
_______________________
UNICELLULAR
______________________
PEPTIDOGLYCAN
Have cell walls with ________________
AUTOTROPHS or HETEROTROPHS
Can be ____________
______________
E. coli, Streptococcus
EXAMPLES: _____________________
http://chemiris.chem.binghamton.edu/ZHONG/research/bacteria3.jpg
Polymer made of sugars and amino acids
found outside the cell membrane in the cell
PEPTIDOGLYCAN
wall in some bacteria = ______________
http://www.scq.ubc.ca/?p=481
DOMAIN: ARCHAEA
KINGDOM: ARCHAEBACTERIA
PROKARYOTES
_________________
UNICELLULAR
_________________
Have cell walls
WITHOUT peptidoglycan
_________
HETEROTROPHS
Can be AUTOTROPHS
___________ or ______________
Halophiles; thermophiles;
EXAMPLES: _____________________
LIVE IN EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS like
volcanic hot springs, brine pools, low oxygen
http://www.teara.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/737B7002-C31D-418D-84C5-D0E68ED87BBB/134228/hero6483.jpg
Organisms that can live in HIGH temperature
environments
THERMOPHILES
= ________________
Organisms that can live in high salt
environments
HALOPHILES
= ______________
http://web0.greatbasin.net/~wigand/petespaleo/Columbus%20Salt%20Marsh.jpg
DOMAIN: EUKARYA
KINGDOM: PLANTAE
EUKARYOTES
_______________________
MULTICELLULAR
______________________
CELLULOSE
Have cell walls with ________________
and CHLOROPLASTS
_____________
AUTOTROPHS
_________________
Mosses, ferns, trees,
EXAMPLES: _____________________
flowering plants
http://www.russianflora.com/store/images/product/custom_green_plant_35.jpg
DOMAIN: EUKARYA
KINGDOM: ANIMALIA
http://www.millan.net
EUKARYOTES
_______________________
MULTICELLULAR
_____________________
NO CELL WALLS or _______________
CHLOROPLASTS
________________
HETEROTROPHS
__________________
Worms, insects, fish, birds,
EXAMPLES: _____________________
mammals, humans
DOMAIN: EUKARYA
KINGDOM: FUNGI
EUKARYOTES
_______________________
Most MULTICELLULAR; few UNICELLULAR
______________________
CHITIN
Have cell walls with ________________
_______________
HETEROTROPHSabsorb
nutrients from decaying
__________________________________
organic
matter
_______________________
EXAMPLES: _____________________
Mushrooms, yeast
http://www.ontarionature.org/home/images/mushrooms.jpg
DOMAIN: EUKARYA
KINGDOM: PROTISTA
_______________________
EUKARYOTES
Most UNICELLULAR; some colonial/multi
______________________
Some have cell walls with
CELLULOSE
________________
Some
have chloroplasts
____________________
AUTOTROPHS or HETEROTROPHS
Can be _____________
_____________
Amoeba; Paramecium;
EXAMPLES: _____________________
Giant kelp; slime mold
http://www.ravelgrane.com/pix/proj/draco/paramecium-nahrung.gif
Figure 18-12 Key Characteristics of
Kingdoms and Domains
Section 18-3
Classification of Living Things
DOMAIN
Bacteria
Archaea
KINGDOM
____________
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Eukarya
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Prokaryote
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
Eukaryote
Eukaryote
Eukaryote
____________
Cell walls with
peptidoglycan
Cell walls
without
peptidoglycan
Cell walls of
cellulose in
some; some
have
chloroplasts
Cell walls
___________
of chitin
___________
Cell walls of
cellulose;
chloroplasts
No cell walls
or chloroplasts
Unicellular
_____________
Unicellular
Most unicellular;
some colonial;
some
multicellular
Most
multicellular;
some
unicellular
Multicellular
___________
Multicellular
____________
MODE OF
NUTRITION
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Autotroph or
heterotroph
Autotroph or
_____________
Heterotroph
_____________
Heterotroph
Autotroph
___________
Heterotroph
____________
EXAMPLES
Streptococcus,
Escherichia coli
Methanogens,
halophiles
Amoeba,
Paramecium,
slime molds,
giant kelp
Mushrooms,
yeasts
Mosses, ferns,
flowering
plants
Sponges,
worms,
insects, fishes,
mammals
CELL TYPE
CELL
STRUCTURES
NUMBER OF
CELLS
Go to
Section:
Figure 18-13 Cladogram of Six Kingdoms
and Three Domains
Section 18-3
DOMAIN
ARCHAEA
DOMAIN
EUKARYA
Kingdoms
DOMAIN
BACTERIA
Go to
Section:
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia