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ADVANCED WORD POWER

Unit Two: Chapter 9

• accolade

• assuage

• cacophony

• censure

• diatribe

• edifice

• gravity

• infraction

• profane

• somber

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 1

accolade

–

noun

Many people rushed out to try the new Thai restaurant on Wayne Avenue after it received an

accolade

in a newspaper review. Although it was filmed in 1941

, Citizen Kane

continues to earn

accolades

as one of the best movies ever made.

Accolade

means

an expression of approval.

an apology.

a greeting.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 1

accolade

–

noun

Many people rushed out to try the new Thai restaurant on Wayne Avenue after it received an

accolade

in a newspaper review. Although it was filmed in 1941

, Citizen Kane

continues to earn

accolades

as one of the best movies ever made.

Accolade

means A. an expression of approval.

an apology.

a greeting.

Only an expression of approval would send so many readers out to a new restaurant. Calling it “one of the best movies ever made” is one of many expressions of approval the film has earned.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 2

assuage

–

verb

My brother’s apology helped to

assuage

my anger at him. The grief one feels over the loss of a loved one never fully goes away, but time does

assuage

the pain.

Assuage

means

to increase.

to explain.

to make less severe.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 2

assuage

–

verb

My brother’s apology helped to

assuage

my anger at him. The grief one feels over the loss of a loved one never fully goes away, but time does

assuage

the pain.

Assuage

means

to increase.

to explain.

C. to make less severe.

Offering an apology is a way to make another person’s anger less severe . Even though people continue to feel some grief, the passage of time can make their pain feel less severe .

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 3

cacophony

–

noun

“I bought my daughter an iPod,” Gordon confessed, “so I wouldn’t have to listen to the

cacophony

that she calls music.” When we listen to the symphony.

cacophony

of orchestra members tuning their instruments, it is hard to believe that they will soon produce a beautiful

Cacophony

means

harmony.

unpleasant noise.

silence.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 3

cacophony

–

noun

“I bought my daughter an iPod,” Gordon confessed, “so I wouldn’t have to listen to the

cacophony

that she calls music.” When we listen to the symphony.

cacophony

of orchestra members tuning their instruments, it is hard to believe that they will soon produce a beautiful

Cacophony

means

harmony.

B. unpleasant noise.

silence. The father doesn’t want to listen to the unpleasant noise contrasted with the his daughter calls music. A beautiful symphony is unpleasant noise of an orchestra tuning up.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 4

censure

–

noun

After Aaron got his ear pierced, he had to deal not only with his father’s

censure

, but also with his grandfather’s sarcastic remarks and icy stares. Jodi’s parents were strongly opposed to her engagement. Unable to stand up to their

censure

, she broke up with her boyfriend.

Censure

means

disapproval.

tolerance.

neglect.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 4

censure

–

noun

After Aaron got his ear pierced, he had to deal not only with his father’s

censure

, but also with his grandfather’s sarcastic remarks and icy stares. Jodi’s parents were strongly opposed to her engagement. Unable to stand up to their

censure

, she broke up with her boyfriend.

Censure

means A. disapproval.

tolerance.

neglect. Sarcastic remarks and icy stares show the grandfather’s disapproval . If Jodi’s parents were strongly opposed to her engagement, they probably showed their disapproval .

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 5

diatribe

–

noun

A reporter covering a preacher’s sermon sat through an hour-long

diatribe

about wickedness. He later wrote, “Mr. Blank spoke on sin. He was against it.” The art teacher, normally soft-spoken, subjected the class to a loud

diatribe

when he discovered that someone had spilled Coca-Cola on his computer.

Diatribe

means

a calm discussion.

a physical attack.

a verbal attack.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

diatribe

–

noun

•

A reporter covering a preacher’s sermon sat through an hour-long

diatribe

about wickedness. He later wrote, “Mr. Blank spoke on sin. He was against it.”

•

The art teacher, normally soft-spoken, subjected the class to a loud

diatribe

when he discovered that someone had spilled Coca-Cola on his computer.

Diatribe

means

a calm discussion.

a physical attack.

C. a verbal attack. If the preacher spoke against sin, his hour-long sermon must have been a verbal attack on wickedness. The teacher’s soft-spoken manner is contrasted with his loud verbal attack on the students for having carelessly spilled soda on his computer.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 6

edifice

–

noun

On the college’s hundredth anniversary, a plaque was put up in honor of the architect who had designed its first

edifice

, now the administration building. The company president decided to continue to rent office space, rather than buy a building. “It would be nice to move into a fine new

edifice

,” she said, “but I’d rather spend the money on higher salaries and a better product.”

Edifice

means

a structure.

an expense.

a design.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 6

edifice

–

noun

On the college’s hundredth anniversary, a plaque was put up in honor of the architect who had designed its first

edifice

, now the administration building. The company president decided to continue to rent office space, rather than buy a building. “It would be nice to move into a fine new

edifice

,” she said, “but I’d rather spend the money on higher salaries and a better product.”

Edifice

means A. a structure.

an expense.

a design. In both items, the word suggests that an structure . edifice building is a

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 7

gravity

–

noun

“I’m not sure you understand the a very long time?”

gravity

of the crimes you are accused of,” the lawyer told his client. “Do you realize you could go to prison for The anxious parents waited in the emergency room to learn the

gravity

of their son’s condition.

Gravity

means

grief.

seriousness.

usefulness.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 7

gravity

–

noun

“I’m not sure you understand the a very long time?”

gravity

of the crimes you are accused of,” the lawyer told his client. “Do you realize you could go to prison for The anxious parents waited in the emergency room to learn the

gravity

of their son’s condition.

Gravity

means

grief.

B. seriousness.

usefulness. Only crimes of great seriousness are punished by long prison terms. Most parents would be anxious to find out the seriousness of the medical condition that brought their child to the emergency room.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 8

infraction

–

noun

“In my class, there will be no texting or other cell-phone use,” said the instructor. “Any

infraction

of this rule will lead to a lower grade.” Mrs. Hoeffel charges her kids for household bedtime.

infractions

. For instance, there is a five-cent fine for leaving towels on the bathroom floor and a twenty-five-cent fine for failing to turn off the living-room lights at

Infraction

means

an exception.

an explanation.

a violation.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

infraction

–

noun

•

“In my class, there will be no texting or other cell-phone use,” said the instructor. “Any

infraction

of this rule will lead to a lower grade.”

•

Mrs. Hoeffel charges her kids for household bedtime.

infractions

. For instance, there is a five-cent fine for leaving towels on the bathroom floor and a twenty-five-cent fine for failing to turn off the living-room lights at

Infraction

means

an exception.

an explanation.

C. a violation . The first item describes an instructor’s rule (no texting or cell-phone use) and the consequence for any violation (a lower grade). The second item describes a parent’s rules (no leaving towels on floors, no leaving lights on at bedtime) and the consequences for any violation (cash fines).

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 9

profane

–

adjective

Karen refuses to use

profane

language. She says “Oh my gosh” instead of “Oh my God.” Movies may get an “R” rating because of violence, sexual scenes, or

profane

dialog.

Profane

means

lacking reverence.

ungrammatical.

hard to understand.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 9

profane

–

adjective

Karen refuses to use

profane

language. She says “Oh my gosh” instead of “Oh my God.” Movies may get an “R” rating because of violence, sexual scenes, or

profane

dialog.

Profane

means A. lacking reverence.

ungrammatical.

hard to understand. Karen thinks it would be lacking reverence to use the word God to show surprise. Dialog that is lacking reverence is considered unsuitable for children.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 10

somber

–

adjective

When I saw the doctor’s

somber

expression, I was afraid she had bad news for me. The dark colors and heavy furniture in the house give it a

somber

look—I think it would be hard to laugh or even smile there.

Somber

means

very serious.

cheerful.

restful.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

• • 10

somber

–

adjective

When I saw the doctor’s

somber

expression, I was afraid she had bad news for me. The dark colors and heavy furniture in the house give it a

somber

look—I think it would be hard to laugh or even smile there.

Somber

means A. very serious.

cheerful.

restful. If the doctor had bad news for her patient, the expression on her face would be very serious atmosphere must be . If it is hard to laugh or even smile in the house, the very serious .