Transcript Titre du diaporama sur deux lignes - CBS
Work done by NSIs
On GDP and beyond
Cuneo Philippe Director of Methodology, Coordination and International Relations
02/10/14
Context
A growing societal and political demands to measure progress, well being and sustainable development Two important initiatives The Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi Report on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress EU Commission Communication GDP and Beyond They suggest better measurement in three main areas Economic performance where improvement in GDP accounting are needed Societal well-being (quality of life, including subjective well-being including inequalities and disparities assessment) Sustainability and environment (intergenerational well-being)
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NSIs’ responses to fill statistical gaps
Response both at International and National level
A Sponsorship “Stiglitz” (
measuring Progress, Quality of Life and Sustainable Development)
set up and adopted by the ESS
A wide participation with16 NSIs
AT, BG, DE, DK, ES, FR, IT, LU, NL, NO, PL, PT, SE, SI, SK, UK- and CH
The Sponsorship’s proposals were adopted by the European Statistical System
The Sponsorship identifies 50 concrete actions for improving and developing European statistics over the coming years
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NSIs’ responses to fill statistical gaps
Recommendations of the Sponsorship
1.
Households perspective and distributional aspects of income, consumption and wealth
Better promoting the already existing information in the National Accounts that is relevant to the recommendations of the “Stiglitz” Report (net adjusted disposable income and actual final consumption) Using the household surveys in order to provide macro-economic information on the distribution of income, consumption (short term) and wealth Fostering the compilation of the balance sheets accounts of households. Broaden income measures to non market domestic activities as well as leisure time (medium term) 2.
Environmental sustainability
Complementing national accounts with integrated environmental economic accounts Revising sustainable development scoreboard Linking National Accounts and energy accounts
3.
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Multidimensional measures of quality of life
Establishing objective indicators of quality of life on the basis of household surveys and relevant administrative sources Assessing quality of life inequalities in a comprehensive way aggregating the different inequality dimensions (medium term) Measuring subjective well-being
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Work done by NSIs on GDP and beyond
To collect the information, a questionnaire sent by France within e frame to European NSI (MS+Swiss) to take stock of existing practices in measuring well-being and sustainability. 22 countries filled the questionnaire (AT, BE, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, HU, IE, IT, LV, LT, NO, NL, PL, PT, RO, ,UK, SE, SK and CH) A great many initiatives both at EU level (or even international) and National level are mentioned Thus making it Impossible to mention here all these initiatives; in this presentation: more attention devoted to QoL and to some examples A report presenting exhaustively the information collected and validated by countries will be provided shortly.
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Titre de la rubrique
Overview of work done on quality of life 6
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at EU level
10 MS participated in an Expert group set up by Eurostat, following the Sp (DE,DK, ES, FI, FR, IT, LU, NL, PL, UK) to make proposals for measuring quality of life in an harmonized way at the EU level Dimensions, topics, variables Data sources to be used, ways of dissemination A first set of Qol indicators published on Eurostat website Data Sources: EU-SILC as a core instrument for data at individual level, possibly completed with additional data sources (LFS, EHIS) or administrative data http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/
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2013 EU-SILC Ad-Hoc module (commission regulation N well-being °62/2012, 24/01/2012) to provide a more comprehensive set of variables on Use as much as possible already tested variables in the ESS 22 variables divided in 7 areas added (secondary variables) First results in 2015
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at National level
A questionnaire sent by INSEE to European NSIs (MS+Switzerland) to take stock of National existing practices in measuring well-being and sustainability. 22 countries filled the questionnaire (AT, BE, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, HU, IE, IT, LV, LT, NO, NL, PL, PT, RO, ,UK, SE, SK and CH) Many initiatives both at EU level (or even international) and National level are mentioned Impossible to mention here all these initiatives In the eframe framework, a report presenting exhaustively the information collected (and validated by countries) is planned.
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at National level
At least, the implementation of the
EU-SILC
RO) regulations (CZ, Many countries have special pages on their
web site
dedicated to QoL indicators (CH, ES, NL, LV, MT, NL, SK…) But several important initiatives have also also been launched in different countries to
improve existing metrics
of Well being and Progress These initiatives can be ranged into National wide consultations (such as the one launched by in the UK) Parliamentary commissions (such as the ones established in Germany and Finland) Expert round tables tasked with proposing indicator sets based on existing statistics (such as Italy and Spain) Development of new statistics (such as new survey in France, Poland)
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at National level
National consultations
Measuring National Well-Being Programme (MNW) in UK
Six months National debate to focus on “what matters” Launched in November 2010 175 events with 750 people and 34000 responses received on line or via other channels Note: difficulties to joint some social groups The MNW has developed a framework for measuring well-being consisting of 10 domains and around 40 Headlines measures of wll being
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Output Questions on individual well-being added to ONS household surveys Publication: “Measuring National Well-Being- Life in the UK 2012” report, planned to be updated annually An interactive “wheel of measures”, maps, graphs and charts
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Wheel of measures
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Wheel of measures (2)
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Parliamentary commissions
The W3 indicator set in Germany
End 2010, the German Bunsdestag established a Study Commission to develop an alternative to GDP for measuring growth, wealth and QoL In June 2013, its report proposed a set of indicators, called the “W3 indicators” (not a single indicator because it is impossible) Its name “w3 indicators” to emphasize the equal importance of the 3 dimensions 10 headline indicators covering material well-being, social inclusion and environment to be observed and commented every year.
Complemented with 9 so-called the commission “warning lights” which shall only part of the reporting when crossing certain thresholds which were proposed by A last indicator “Information light” as a kind of memorandum item to remind the importance of non market activities
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W3 indicator set in Germany
Material prosperity GDP per person/GDP change rate on the previous year per person Income distribution P80/P20 General government debt as a percentage of GDP Net fix capital formation as a percentage of GDP Wealth distribution P90/P50 Financial sustainability of pHH: Credit to GDP gap, Property price gap and equity price gap „Information light“ Non-market domestic production Sozial inclusion Headline indicators Employment: Employment rate Education: Upper secondary attainment rate Health: Life expectancy Freedom: World Bank indicator „Voice and Accountablity“ „Warning lights“ Quality of employment: Under employment rate Life long learning: Participation in formal and non-formal education Health: Healthy life years Environment Greenhouse gas emissions national Nitrogen surplus national Species diversity national Greenhouse gas emissions global Nitrogen surplus global Species diversity global: Bird index
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Parliamentary commissions
The Findicators in Finland
A service open in 2009, providing up-to-date statistical information on key social indicators, as a joint effort of the Prime Minister’s office, Members of Parliament and Statistics Finland. Over 100 indicators for social progress, and user-friendly as possible The service is based on solutions enabling automatic updates directly from a database maintained by Statistics Finland The relevance is ensured by the involvement of the users and feedback function
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To prevent potential users from saying ‘there is a lot of information but I can’t find it, it is too old, too complicated, not policy relevant
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Expert round tasked
The BES Initiative in Italy
The aim of the project is to produce a dashboard of indicators able to provide a shared view of the progress of the Italian society.
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It is built on a
complex deliberative process based on
:
Steering Committee
: coordinated by National council fr Economic and Labour (CNEL) and Istat, with the participation of 33 stakeholders (entrepreneurs, unions, NGO networks, women / consumers / environmental organizations) and Istat experts, to identify the domains and to agree on the final list of indicators
Scientific Commission
: coordinated by Istat with the participation of 80 experts from academic and research institutions, to identify the best indicators for each domain
Public consultations
: National survey Online survey Blog Regional meetings
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BES: a complex approach
Annual survey on what is important for wellbeing (24k households)
Steering Committee
12 Dimensions Discussion Meetings in every region and Blog
Scientific commission
134 Indicators Online survey (2500 people) and Blog
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Expert round tasked
Spain
The Permanent Commission of the Higher Council of Statistics decided in July 2011 to set up a working group to analyse the initiatives in the field of well being progress and sustainability and to make proposals to incorporate them in the Spanish national system The working group studies the relevance and feasibility of the 53 recommendations of the Insee-Eurostat Sponsorship
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Development of new surveys
France
In 2010, some new questions were added to the French version of EU-SILC in order to assess global satisfaction on a scale from 0 to 10 In the 2009 French Time Use Survey, for a subset of households, questions to grade the quality of time spent on each activity of the respondent’s ten minute interval diary
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In 2011 an innovative experimental survey, which aims at exploring, in a single statistical source, the different dimensions of both objective and subjective Quality of Life Possible for the first time to study accumulation of deprivations.
Better understanding of the links between objective determinants of Quality of Life (such as health, education or marital status) and subjective well-being. First results were published in 2012 . On going work on panel data
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Development of new surveys
Poland
In 2011, a multidimensional Social Cohesion Survey preceded by a pilot survey in 2008 Planned to be carried every 4-5 years, to monitor the change in social progress and assess the effectiveness of actions undertaken Multidimensional approach with objective and subjective approach On going work to build few indicators of QoL, developed at NUTS1 and NUTS2, and for different social groups Analyse of the interactions between different dimensions and drivers of life satisfaction Time Use survey (2013) with questions to rate individual activities Results available end 2014
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Development of new surveys
Ireland
A module attached to the Quarterly National Household Survey for Quarter 3 of 2013 5 questions added (life satisfaction, life worthwhile, happiness, anxiety, education satisfaction, health satisfaction) Response on an eleven point scale (except health, 5 point scale) Following assessment of this first survey, 4 first questions could be repeated each quarter A report “Regional quality of Life in Ireland 2013” has been published
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Development of new surveys Switzerland 2011, an household survey on the perception of environment quality and environment behaviour On Homepage of Website, 27 indicators of QoL By 2014, aim at elaborating an information system based on a conceptual basis (link capital approach with Well being)
Hungary
A multidimensional QoL indicator system with first results end 2013 Add 2 more “national” dimensions: social integration/inclusion and social norms/anomie Some data on gypsies in the social integration/inclusion dimension On going work to develop indicator at the regional level An annual report based on the set of indicators and a web site on this topic
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Development of new methods
Portugal A national well-being index composed of 10 synthetic indexes, one by each domain, and a final global index, reusing information from Statistics Portugal and ESS and covering the period 2004-2011, 2004 being the based year. Methodology similar to the one used by Statistics Canada in the “Canadian Index of Wellbeing” Debate with different statistical stakeholders to select the indicators An annual report on the national Well-being Index will be published Spain A publication in January 2013 “Alternative in the construction of a multidimensional QoL indicator” Two alternative ways of synthesizing the measurement A composite indicator that combined the 9 dimensions without weight of each dimensions A synthetic indicator calculated from a single source with scoreboard methods
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Work done by NSIs on quality of life at national level
Publications, web site
Austria With different stakeholders, development of a set of indicators which reflect the different dimensions of Quality of Life A publication “How’s Austria” In 2013 publication, a special chapter on determinants of subjective well being in Austria Netherlands Adopted a framework on QoL with 8 relevant domains, with data on happiness and life satisfaction in each domain Data available published on website Collection of data plan to be extended with questions added to the social survey Data by social group, provinces, degree of urbanization Methodological work to compare the numeric scale 0-10 to the Dutch one
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Overview of work done Measuring disparity in National Accounts 26
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Measuring disparity in the National Accounts(1)
A wide participation in the OECD-Eurostat Expert Group 14 European countries involved (AT, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR,IT, NL,PL, PT, SL, SW, UK and CH ; 3 extra European) Objective: reconciling macro-economic figures and public perception Two type data Houshold’s Accounts: exhaustive scope, harmonized framework Direct information, individualized information The idea is to build a bridge between these two approaches to break down households’ accounts by household categories Breakdown for each component of income and consumption, using distribution coming from micro data (collected or imputed) and benchmarking aggregates on national account figures
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Measuring disparity in the National Accounts (2)
Breakdown National Accounts for each component of income and consumption
3 countries are ready to implement it at once 6 countries will be ready at short term (below 2 years) 7 countries will be ready at mid term (2 to 5 years) 1 country can’t implement this method
France has already broken down the French 2003 Household Accounts (income, consumption, wealth), using surveys (2010 data forcasted in 2014)
The Netherlands have produced 2008 data in 2011
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Some elements of work done on Measuring sustainable development 29
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Environmental Economic Accounting at EU level (1)
Implementation of Environmental economic accounting to track the link between the environment and the economy at EU, National, Institutional sector and industry level
Reglementation 691/2011 adopted in 2011, EU MS should transmit data from 2013 on: (a)
air emissions
, including greenhouse gases, (b)
environment-related taxes
(c) economy-wide
material flow accounts (EW-MFA)
.
Derogation until 2015 for 6 countries ( CY, AT, FR, MT, PO, UK ) Proposal for amending this regulation with 3 more modules (from 2017 on) Physical energy flow accounts Environmental goods and services Environmental protection expenditure
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Environmental Economic accounting (2)
Further work in UK
The Measuring National Well-being (MNW) programme published a roadmap to include
natural capital and ecosystems
into the UK Environmental Accounts by 2020 MNW programme is also developing on the comprehensive wealth estimates developed by the UN and the World Bank
natural capital estimates
based ONS is currently working on creating an
initial monetary ecosystem account for woodland
, building on the physical account, due for publication in April 2014 A scoping study is also being worked on for the habitat.
freshwater habitat
in the UK with the view to create similar ecosystem accounts for this habitat later in 2014. Finally, the ONS is planning on creating Top Down overall estimates of the UK Natural Capital stock in 2014 - for all habitats, not by
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Measuring sustainable development at national level
Most of the countries have National Sustainable Strategy and Indicator set established by consultation, dialogue with different stakeholders Most SD indicator sets range from 15 key indicators (e.g. France) to 155 indicators (e.g. Hungary), with an averaage of 80 indicators. Very often indicator-based assessment for easy communicable message. But unfortunately, these methods are not harmonized and evaluation not comparable Monitoring report annually or sometimes biannually (AT, DE, CH) Always a page of NSI website dedicated to National sustainable development indicator set, updated on a regular basis (annually and even twice a year) Friendly presentations on website (NL, CH); NL adopted a framework nearly identical to the UNECE recommendations on measuring SD (June 2013) (themes according to 3 dimensions of SD « here and now », « later » and « elsewhere »
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Conclusion
Importance of both international and national actions If we want indicators as visible as GDP, we need harmonized indicators, agreed at an international level. But measuring well being means also measuring what matters for individuals, and it is not the same all around the world. We need to adapt the framework and the indicators to national specificities and cultures. No one-size-fits-all indicator set National actions can also sometimes be used as prototype for future international actions National actions are less well known than international stds. The e-frame programme gives the opportunity to share experiences and best practices and to go further beyond GDP with standardized data and a guarantee of quality provided by the Code of Practice
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Titre du diaporama sur deux lignes
Thank you for your attention !
Contact Philippe Cuneo Tél. : +33 1 45 82 05 01 Courriel : [email protected]
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