Transcript NDMA initiatives and experiences of mock drills - hrdp

CULTURE OF PREPAREDNESS (MOCK
EXERCISES) – AN INITIATIVE BY NDMA
BY
BRIG (DR) B K KHANNA,
SENIOR SPEC (TRAINING & CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT)
NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY
Emergency Preparedness
and Evolving the Concept of
Mock Exercise
Defining Emergency Preparedness








Emergency Preparedness –
against natural & manmade
hazards
Building up Infrastructure,
Knowledge and Capabilities
Personnel augmentation and
their training plans.
Community preparedness
Communication plan
Funding Policies
Integrated DM Plan
Covering complete DM Cycle
Testing of Emergency Preparedness
Plans





Training and Re-training of
all stakeholders/service
providers
Awareness among
Community
Specialized response at
industry/district/state/
national level
Coordination between
various Emergency Support
Functionaries
Testing the organized
response through conduct
of Mock Exercise
Comparing Global Models
US Model:
Orientation Seminar
 Table-top Exercise
 Drills
 Functional Exercise
 Full-Scale Exercise
(Total Cost-in millions)

Comparing Global Models

UK Model:




Seminar Exercise
Table-top Exercise
Control Post
Exercise
Live Exercise
Examples of Global WMD Drills




TOPOFF 1-3
Chemical Weapon Drill
in Cincinnati, Ohio in
May, 2000
Testing the role of Mild
Causality Center (MCC)
during Mass
Toxicological Event
Exercises conducted by
NATO for “Partnership
of Peace”
Chemical Mock Exercises :
Developing the Concept in
Indian Context
INDUSTRIAL VULNERABILITY PROFILE OF INDIA
1.
India has 602 districts, 263 districts have Major
Accident Hazard (MAH) units. 170 districts have
more than 05 MAH Units.
2.
A total of 1666 MAH Units in India (less the
storages of hazardous substances, big
warehouses, small factories). ‘On Site’ plans in
place of only 1638 MAH Units. 28 MAH Units not
even have ‘On Site’ Plans
– Hope one of
these not yours!!
3.
Of 263 districts, 166 districts have ‘Off Site’
plans, but most NOT as per Schedule 12.
4.
Mock Drills for ‘Off Site’ Plans rarely carried out.
STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR CONDUCTING
MOCK EXERCISES
1.
MoEF Rules for ‘On Site’ and ‘Off Site’ Emergency Plans –
2001.
2.
DM Act, 2005 mandates NDMA to coordinate the
enforcement and implementation of its policy &
guidelines.
3.
The Act also mandates NDMA to take such preventive
measures for the prevention of disaster or the mitigation
or preparedness and capacity building for dealing with a
threatening disaster situation or disaster as it may
consider necessary – Mock Exercise one such measure.
4.
NDMA Guidelines on Chemical (Industrial) Disaster
reinforces MoEF guidelines, to conduct mock drills for
‘On
Site Plan’ at least once every six months and ‘Off
Site
Plan’ at least once every year.
5.
NDMA Guidelines give out the formats for ‘On Site’ and
‘Off Site’ plans as Annexures.
NEED FOR MOCK DRILL
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

To Inculcate Culture of Preparedness.
To Examine the Plans and SOPs of Identified
Stakeholders.
To Evaluate the Resource Status of various
Departments.
To Coordinate the Activities of Various Agencies
for their optimum utilization.
To use the Feed back to identify the gaps and
improve the Resource Capabilities to Face
Actual Disasters.
Deficiencies in Exercising




Not Practiced
Regularly!
No Standard Format!
How to prepare for
Chemical Mock
Exercise?
How to test and
evaluate the outcome?
OBJECTIVES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
To review Disaster Management Plan of the State.
To evaluate the Emergency Response Plan and
Standard Operating Procedures of the
Industry/District/s selected for Mock Exercise.
To highlight the Roles and Responsibilities of
various Stakeholders.
Enhance Coordination among Emergency Support
Functions of various stakeholders at District level.
To generate Public Awareness by
involvement of Local Government, NGOs and
Public.
Identify the gaps in Resources, Manpower,
Communications and in any other field.
STEPS
Step 1
1, Coordinating Conference
(a)
Delineating objectives of Mock Exercise.
(b)
Scope of Exercise.
(c)
Selection of the District/industry for Mock Exercise.
(d)
Date and Venue for Table Top and Mock Exercise.
(e)
Participants
(f)
Media Coverage.
Step 2
2. Table Top Exercise.
•
•
•
•
Precursor to Mock Exercise.
Scenarios are initially painted at Local Industry level and spill over as “off site”
emergency where district admn comes to aid; sometimes help from
State/neighbouring district/s may be sought.. Principal Secy DM, Collector/DC and
Stakeholders at State and District levels like Director Industry, SSP, District Health
Officer, Fire Officer, Public Services heads, NDRF Team Leader, Communication,
Civil Defence, Home Guard, Red Cross, RTO, NGOs, Public Relations etc respond.
Subsequent situations are painted as realistically as possible.
Details of Coordination and Safety are discussed.
The Gaps are identified and Remedial Measures taken.
Step 3
3. Mock Exercise.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Observers are detailed, briefed and format for assessment issued.
Self Assessment Formats are given to all stake holders.
Scenarios are formulated after due deliberations and the Mock Exercise is
conducted by painting of scenarios in a sequential manner.
Sequence of events and Administrative Arrangements are finalized with
States & District Authorities beforehand.
Actions are taken on ground by concerned stake holders
on orders of their own departments.
Incident Command Post is established at district level for command and
control. The State may also operationalise EOC.
Relief Camps are established for evacuees.
Hospitals are earmarked for evacuation of casualties and Medical Aid Posts
are established at critical areas.
Step 4
Submission of Final Report.
• Reports are sent by all Stake Holders and Observers.
• A Final Report is made at NDMA.
• Lessons Learnt are circulated to all concerned.
SUMMARY OF MOCK EXERCISES
2007-2008
Sl.
Hazard
Coordinating
Conference
Table Top
1.
Floods
Two
Two
Two
2.
Earthquake
Three
Three
Three
3.
Cyclone
Two
Two
Two
4.
Chemical
(Industrial)
Nine
Nine
Nine
Fire
Five
Five
Five
Total
Twenty one
Twenty one
Twenty one
5.
Mock
Exercise
SUMMARY OF MOCK EXERCISES
2008-2009
Sl.
Hazard
Coordinating
Conference
Table Top
Mock
Exercise
1.
Floods
Four
Four
Four
2.
Earthquake
Four
Four
Four
3.
Cyclone
Two
Two
Two
4.
Chemical
(Industrial)
Ten
Ten
Ten
5.
Fire
Four
Four
Four
6.
Others
Two
Two
Two
Total
Twenty Six
Twenty Six
Twenty Six
CHEMICAL(INDUSTRIAL )
DISASTER MOCK DRILLS

Industrial Complex, Greater Noida, UP

Pithampur Industrial Complex, Dhar , MP.
Chemical Industry & Port Area, Mangalore.
Refineries and other chemical units in
Visakhapatnam, AP.
Chemical/Metallurgical Industry in Chittaurgarh, Raj.
Hazira Industrial Complex, Surat, Gujarat.
OICL Refinery, Digboi, Dibrugarh, Assam.
Chemical & Pesticides Industries, Ernakulum, Kerala.







CHEMICAL(INDUSTRIAL )
DISASTER MOCK DRILLS –
2008-2009










Chemical/Refineries in Chembur, Mumbai.
Chemical & Other Hazard Industries, Coimbatore, TN.
Fertilizer Industry at Paradeep, Orissa.
Chemical, Hazardous Port Area, Haldia.
Steel Plant & Hazardous Industries, Bhilai
Thermal Plant at Kota, Rajasthan.
Chemical & Pesticides Industries, Goa.
Chemical/ Hazardous Industries, Bangalore.
Oil Refineries, Jamnagar.
Oil Refinery & Bottling Plant, Numaligarh, Assam.
LESSONS LEARNT
MAJOR LESSONS LEARNT












DM Plans of Industries and Districts not as per DM Act 2005 and Guidelines issued
by NDMA and schedule 11 & 12 MoEF Rules. DM Plans of Industries & District
in isolation, Need to revisit & review DM Plans by professional Disaster Managers.
Shortage of PPE with First Responders.
Senior Mgmt not conscious of Safety for self.
Gaps in Medical Response – Shortage of stretchers, establishment of first aid post,
triage, ambitious as load carriers and hospital preparedness (surge capacity).
No local SAR Teams.
Fire Fighting equipment short & obsolete.
Concept of ICP and its functioning.
Response of District Administration luke warm.
Duplication of Communications.
‘On site’ plans practiced as a drill not for learning and ‘off site’ plans not practiced
regularly.
Spreading general awareness in the neighborhood community – adopting villages.
Industry very apprehensive of interacting with media – media management.
FILM AND ADS FOR GEN
AWARENESS

Film on Mock Exercises conducted by NDMA
– 11.41.

Awareness Campaign through Ads.