Transcript Slide 1
A Bigger Economy Doesn’t Mean a Better Economy The Steady State Path to Real Prosperity www.steadystate.org by mattyp by treehouse1977 The Nature of Growth Grow \ˈgrō\ verb 1.To spring up and develop to maturity 2.To increase in size Desirability of growth depends upon... 1. The entity that’s growing: e.g., a human body 2. The context: e.g., stage of life 3. The rate: e.g., slow, normal, fast Context: Children Rate: Normal Growth is desirable. Context 1: Child Rate 1: Very fast Context 2: Adult Rate 2: Slow Growth is undesirable. Growth of Economic Activity For economic growth to occur, what exactly is getting bigger? Production and consumption of goods and services (more stuff and more activity) Gross domestic product (GDP), the final dollar value of goods and services produced Population, consumption per person, or both. USA – 14,260,000 Japan – 4,924,000 China – 4,402,000 Germany – 3,668,000 France – 2,866,000 UK – 2,674,000 Italy – 2,399,000 Russia – 1,757,000 Spain – 1,683,000 Brazil – 1,665,000 Canada – 1,564,000 India – 1,237,000 Source: CIA Factbook GDP Growth Context for GDP Growth Context: Thermodynamic Limits to Growth $$$ $ Resources Resources Waste Waste $ products products $$$ Waste Waste Context: Ecological Limits to Growth GDP K Carrying Capacity Natural capital allocated to nature Natural capital allocated to the economy Time Context: Disappointing Results of Growth Happiness (index) Source: Inglehart and Klingemann (2000) Income per person U.S. Percentage Very Happy Context: Disappointing Results of Growth Real income per person Percentage very happy Source: Layard (2005) Context: Disappointing Results of Growth 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 1947 12.0 GDP 10.0 Unemployment 8.0 6.0 4.0 2.0 0.0 1954 1961 1968 1975 1982 1989 1996 2003 Context: Disappointing Results of Growth Rate of Increase World GDP (1990 millions of dollars), source: Angus Maddison 60,000,000 50,000,000 40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 1 1600 1870 1940 1952 1955 1958 1961 1964 1967 1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 0 Desirability of Growth by mattyp Steady State Economy: Better not Bigger Features of a Steady State Economy • Constant (or mildly fluctuating) population • Constant (or mildly fluctuating) per capita consumption • Constant (and sustainable) throughput of energy and materials Aims of a Steady State Economy • Sustainable scale • Fair distribution of wealth • Efficient allocation of resources • High quality of life What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? Not too big, not too small – just right! • Right-sized • Smaller population • New measures of success • Different labor/capital mix • Shorter working hours/more leisure • More nature • Fewer status goods • Healthier food systems • Better use of technology • More locally supplied goods and services • Science-based decision making • Less debt • Less production, more maintenance What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? ...and more of this. Less of this... What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? ...and more of this. Less of this... What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? ...and more of this. Less of this... What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? ...and more of this. Less of this... What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? Less of this... ...and more of this. What Does a Steady State Economy Look Like? ...and more of this. Less of this... by treehouse1977 The Transition from Growth to a Steady State 1. Start with given conditions. 2. Employ gradualism. 3. Change policies. • Exemplary network of conservation lands • Cap-auction-trade systems for basic resources • Limits on the range of inequality in income distribution • Ecological tax reform • Move to 100% reserve requirements • Elevate the commons sector • Reform national accounts 4. But don’t put the cart before the horse. • We need widespread public support. • We need all those analytical economic minds working on the new paradigm. Policy Change – The Right Goal Policy Change - Exemplary Conservation Copyright: The Onion "Last year's introduction of Dentyne Ice Cinnamint gum, right on the heels of the extinction of the Carolina tufted hen, put product diversity on top for the first time.” Policy Change: Technology Economic growth (increasing population and consumption) Limits to growth (dwindling resource base) Technological method of managing limits ? Breathing room Appropriate Use of Technology Getting Started Bob Adelman, Magnum Photos What Can You Do? 1. Publicly voice your opinion. Sign the Position on Economic Growth. What Can You Do? 2. Get informed. www.steadystate.org What Can You Do? 3. Get involved with CASSE. Become a member. Become an outreach volunteer. What Can You Do? 4. Think and act like a steady stater. What Can You Do? 5. Ask a lot of questions. www.steadystate.org