Transcript New Employee Safety Orientation

New Employee Safety Orientation
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Safety Statistics
• Fourteen thousand
Americans die from onthe-job accidents every
year
• A worker is injured
every 18 seconds
• Most accidents occur
within an employee’s
first six months on a
new job
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School District Responsibility
• Establish and supervise:
– A safe and healthful working environment
– A written Accident Prevention Program
– Safety and health training programs
• Equipment that meets WISHA safety and
health standards
• Records of occupational injuries/illnesses
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Safety Training
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Employee Safety Orientation
On-the-Job training
Departmental Safety Meetings
A Hazard Communication program
Emergency Evacuation Plan
A Fire Prevention Plan
A Bloodborne Pathogens Program
Other job-specific programs as determined by
a Job Hazard Analysis
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Safety Communication
• Safety Bulletin
Boards
• Safety notices
• Safety
suggestions
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Safety Committee
• Conducts safety inspections
• Investigates accidents
• Reviews safety policies
and procedures
• Reviews work conditions
for accident prevention
• Reviews and responds
to safety suggestions
and questions
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Safety Rules
• General safety rules
– Observe all safety
warning signs
– Maintain housekeeping
– Keep emergency
equipment accessible
– No horseplay
– Wear required PPE
• Disciplinary actions
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Safe Clothing - PPE
• Don’t wear loose clothing
• Don’t wear jewelry
• Wear protective shoes such as hard leather with
slip-resistant soles (steel toes and shanks are a
plus)
• Obtain prescription safety glasses
• Tie back long hair
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Personal Protective Equipment
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PPE required throughout the facility
PPE required in specific departments
Recommended PPE
Issuance of PPE
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Accidents and Injuries
• Promptly report each workplace injury or
occupational illness to your supervisor.
• Submit an Incident Investigation Form.
• Near-miss reporting also.
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If an Incident Happens
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To Whom Do I Go?
Your Supervisor
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Supervisor
also adds
comments.
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Filing a Claim
• Seek first aid or medical attention if needed.
• Inform your supervisor immediately.
• Fill-out and submit an Incident Investigation
Form.
• Do not file an L&I State Fund Claim Form.
• Contact NEWSD 101 Claims Administrator @
509-789-3516 or 1-800-531-4290 to obtain a
claim number. They will help you through the
entire process.
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Evacuation Procedures
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Recognize the evacuation
signal and listen for
instructions
Shut down equipment
using the emergency stop
Go directly to the nearest
safe exit
Proceed to the assembly
area
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Reasons for Evacuation
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Natural disasters (e.g., flood, earthquake)
Man-made disasters (e.g., a bomb)
Fire, Smoke, Explosion
Chemical release
Violent intruder incident
Other?
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Need to Know
• Nearest safe exit and at least one
alternative exit route for any
building you are in.
• Location of fire alarm pull stations and
fire extinguishers.
• Do not go back into the building until
cleared by authorized person!
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• HAZARD COMMUNICATIONS
– Federal & State Standards
– Written Hazard Communication Program
– Employee Information and Training
– Hazard Determination
– Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
– Labels and Other Forms of Warning
– Common Violations
MSDS
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Right To Know – WAC 296-62-054
Hazard Communication Program
• Manufactures are to assess the chemical
hazards
– Produce Labels
– Material Safety Data Sheets
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• Employee Information and Training
– Employers must provide you with information and
training on hazards and hazardous substances in
your work area
– This must be documented.
– This must be accomplished at the time of your
initial assignment and whenever a new hazard is
introduced into the work area.
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• You must be briefed on:
– Any operations that involve hazardous chemicals
– The location of the Written Hazard
Communication Program
– How to determine exposure/release of a
hazardous chemical
– Physical and health hazards
– Protective precautions
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA
SHEETS (MSDS)
– The MSDS
CONTENTS......
– The labeling system
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What is a “hazardous chemical”?
• A hazardous chemical is
any chemical that can do
harm to your body.
• Most industrial
chemicals can harm you
at some level.
• It depends how much
gets into your body.
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Hazard Communication
How do hazardous chemicals
affect the body?
The effect a certain chemical has on the
body depends on several factors:
• The physical form of the chemical
• How the chemical enters the body
• The amount of chemical that actually
enters the body - the dose
• How toxic (poisonous) the chemical is
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How Chemicals Enter the Body
There Are Three Routes of Entry:
• Ingestion – swallowing the chemical
• Inhalation – breathing in the chemical
• Absorption – the chemical soaks through
the skin
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Chemical Toxicity
Chronic Toxicity and Acute Toxicity
Some chemicals will only make you
sick if you get an ‘acute” or high dose
all at once. Example - ammonia
Some materials are mainly known for
their chronic or long-term effects.
Example - asbestos
Most chemicals have both acute and
chronic effects. Example – carbon
monoxide
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Identifying the Agent/Product
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• Labeling
– Containers must be labeled with contents
-- Includes secondary containers
– Label must contain the common and chemical
name of the substance; the fire, reactivity, and
health hazards of the substance; protective
equipment/procedures required; and the name
and address of the manufacturer
CLEAN
ALL
DEGREASER
WARNING:
WARNING
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Safe Use
• Read the product labels
• Hazardous products must be handled with respect! Read labels and follow
directions carefully. Words to look for:
DANGER - WARNING - CAUTION
• Poison: can injure or kill if absorbed through the skin, ingested or inhaled.
• Toxic: can cause injury or death if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed
through the skin.
• Irritant: causes soreness or swelling of skin, eyes, mucous membranes, or
respiratory system.
• Flammable: easily catches fire and tends to burn rapidly.
• Flammable Liquid: has a flash point below 140°F (100°F for US DOT
purposes).
• Combustible Liquid: has a flash point from 140°F (100°F for US DOT
purposes) to 200°F
• Corrosive: a chemical or its vapors that can cause a material or living
tissue to be destroyed.
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SAFE USE
How do you identify if a product is hazardous?
Read the label
Label
May be harmful if
swallowed
Indicates a risk of exposure through ingestion. Do
not eat, drink or smoke while using this product,
and wash hands thoroughly when finished.
Use with adequate
ventilation
Indicates a risk of exposure through inhalation.
Work outdoors, use in an area with very good
airflow to the outdoors, or wear an appropriate
respirator.
Avoid skin contact
Indicates a risk of exposure through skin
absorption or that the product could damage the
skin. Wear appropriate gloves and protective
clothing.
Avoid eye contact
Indicates a risk of eye damage. Wear chemical
splash goggles.
Avoid if pregnant
Indicates that the product could harm a developing
fetus.
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HMIS Hazardous Labeling System
The Hazardous Materials Identification System, HMIS®, was developed by the
National Paint & Coatings Association (NPCA) to help employers comply with OSHA's
Hazard Communication (HCS), 29 CFR 1910.1200.
The system utilizes colored bars, numbers and symbols to convey the hazards of
chemicals used in the workplace.
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NFPA hazard diamond
Flammable
Health Hazard
Instability
Special Hazards
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Health Hazard
4
Very short exposure could cause death or serious
residual injury even though prompt medical attention
was given.
3
Short exposure could cause serious temporary or
residual injury even though prompt medical attention
was given.
2
Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary
incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt
medical attention is given.
1
Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual
injury even if no treatment is given.
0
Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard
beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.
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Flammability
Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure
4 and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will
burn readily.
3
Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all
ambient conditions.
2
Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high
temperature before ignition can occur.
1 Must be preheated before ignition can occur.
0 Materials that will not burn.
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Instability
4
Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition
or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.
Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a
3 strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement
before initiation, or reacts explosively with water.
Normally unstable and readily undergo violent
decomposition but do not detonate. Also: may react violently
2
with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with
water.
Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated
1 temperatures and pressures or may react with water with
some release of energy, but not violently.
0
Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and
are not reactive with water.
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Special Hazards
OX
This section is used to denote special hazards. There are
only two NFPA 704 approved symbols:
This denotes an oxidizer, a chemical which can greatly
increase the rate of combustion/fire.
Unusual reactivity with water. This indicates a potential
hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material.
ACID
This indicates that the material is an acid,
a corrosive material that has a pH lower
than 7.0
ALK
This denotes an alkaline material, also called
a base. These caustic materials
have a pH greater than
7.0
COR
This denotes a material that is corrosive (it
could be either an acid or a base).
This is a another symbol used for corrosive
The skull and crossbones is used to denote a poison or highly toxic material.
The international symbol for radioactivity is used to denote radioactive hazards;
radioactive materials are extremely hazardous when inhaled.
Indicates an explosive material. This symbol is somewhat redundant because
explosives are easily recognized by their Instability Rating.
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Common Violations
Unlabeled Secondary
Container
Not sealed
Using food or
beverage container
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• Material Safety Data Sheets
– Provide vital information about hazardous
chemicals
– There must be an MSDS available for every
chemical on the Hazardous Inventory
– They must be accessible to you 24 hours a day in
the immediate work area (defined as available
during shift).
Will be called Safety Data Sheet’s
after 2013
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MSDS
• The MSDS is used by
chemical
manufacturers and
vendors to convey
hazard information to
users.
• MSDS’s should be
obtained when a
chemical is
purchased.
• MSDS must be
available to all
workers
SDS’s will be standardized
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READING THE MSDS
Information on the MSDS is organized in sections as follows:
•Identity The chemical name, trade name and
manufacturers name, address and emergency
phone number can be found here.
•Ingredients Chemical ingredients are identified.
•Hazards Identification: Flammable, Toxic
Etc and health effects
•First Aid
•Fire Data Flash point, flammable limits,
extinguishing media, unusual fire/explosion
hazards, and any special fire fighting equipment
are listed here.
Continued on next slide...
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Reading the MSDS
Sections Continued
• Accidental Release
• Handling and Storage
• Exposure Control and Personal Protection
• Physical and Chemical Properties
• Stability and Reactivity; includes what to avoid
• Toxicological Properties
• Ecological Information
• Disposal Considerations
• Transpiration information
• Regulatory information
• Other information
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ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
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How to Prevent Electrical Injuries
Safety Tips
• Never carry a tool, appliance or device by the
cord.
• Never yank the cord to disconnect it from the
receptacle.
• Keep cords away from heat, oil, and sharp edges
• Disconnect items when not in use, toasters, hot
plates, coffee pots, vacuums, steam cleaners, etc
Also Avoid the following
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Take great care not to overload extension cords, power strips or outlets and do not
connect multiple extension cords together.
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Ground pin
Removing the ground pin from a plug to fit an
ungrounded outlet
Strain
Straining a cord can cause the strands of one
conductor to loosen from under terminal
screws and touch another conductor.
Cord damage
A cord may be damaged by door or window
edges, by staples and fastenings, by abrasion
from adjacent materials, or simply by aging. If
the electrical conductors become exposed,
there is a danger of shocks, burns, or fire.
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How we hurt our backs
• Lifting heavy items.
• Pushing or pulling heavy
items.
• Taking objects from
shelves.
• Picking items off of floor
or ground
• Repetitive motions such
as vacuuming, wiping,
scanning, or key boarding.
• Twisting or turning while
lifting or carrying objects
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Safe Lifting
• Do “toe test” to determine
how heavy an object is.
• Hold Load Close to Body.
• Break Loads Down to
Manageable Size.
• The body should never be
turned or twisted while under
the stress of heavy weight.
• Do the actual lifting with your
legs only.
• Get Help!!!
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Slips, trips and falls
 About 50% of reported
slips in NEWESD 101
Schools are from snow or
ice.
 These frequently happen
when getting out of
vehicle or walking across
the parking lot.
 Biggest factors include:
unaware of ice, footwear
without adequate
traction, and walking too
fast.
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Reducing injuries
• Lean slightly forward
• Wear appropriate
footwear for conditions. when you walk. Less
chance of serious injury
• Wear traction cleats if
if you don’t fall on your
ice is anticipated.
back.
• Walk slowly and
• Report unsafe
deliberately – don’t
conditions immediately!
rush!
• Keep hands free for
balance and to catch
yourself.
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Things we Trip on
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Stairs
Boxes
Holes in ground
Uneven pavement
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Rugs and mats
Table legs/chair legs
Power Cords
Other: people on floor,
pens, fruit
Most trips are avoidable with
situational awareness and
good housekeeping.
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Things we fall from
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Ladders
Chairs
Stairs
Desks
Stage
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Preventing Fall Injuries
• Use an appropriate ladder- never use a chair
or a desk instead of a ladder.
• Stay within the frame of the ladder – “belt
buckle rule.”
• If you routinely use a ladder you must be
trained annually.
• Stay alert to leading edge of stage.
• Do not rush going up or down stairs.
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Conclusion: Facility Walk-through
• Exits, evacuation routes,
alarm pull stations
• Fire extinguisher locations
• First-aid kits
• MSDS location(s)
• Safety showers and eyewash
stations
• Areas where special PPE is
required
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