Transcript 1.2.1 - Physical activity and your healthy mind and body

1.2.1 - Physical activity and
your healthy mind and body
Learning Objectives
•Understand the 3 different somatotypes.
•Understand how optimum weight effects
performance
Optimum weight
• A persons most favorable weight can be considered for a
general healthy lifestyle or more specifically for
a chosen sport.
• Top athletes will monitor their weight and body
composition to give them the best advantage for
competing.
• For the average person you can look at your body
composition simply by looking at your Body Mass Index
and comparing it to the optimum weight on a chart.
• Remember - Body composition is defined as ‘the
percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle
and bone’. All three of these effect body weight.
Being underweight or overweight
affects performance.
• An athlete’s optimum weight may be different to general expected
weight for a healthy person.
• What type of body will a Marathon runner, Boxer and Rugby Player
need?
• A marathon runner usually have a very thin and light frame so that
they dont carry extra weight. They may weigh less than their
expected weight but have an optimum weight for their sport.
• A boxer may have high muscle mass (depending on weight
category) and be heavier than expected. But they will be an
optimum weight for their sport.
• A rugby player will have different optimum weights for the position
they play. A prop will have an advantage from being heavier than a
scrum half as they have different roles within their game.
Somatotypes
• Generally you can fit athletes into different
body types for their sport. Body types look
at 3 factors also known as somatotypes.
Somatotypes
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There are 3 somatotypes (body types)
Endomorph
Mesomorph
Ectomorph
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p7XY
ubzofWk&feature=related
• Endomorph - an individual with wide hips and
narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness.
• Mesomorph - an individual with wide shoulders
and narrow hips, characterised by muscularity.
• Ectomorph - an individual with narrow
shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by
thinness.
Try to remember
• ENDOMORPH – Dumpy
• MESOMORPH – Muscular
• ECTOMORPH – Thin
• Very few people are a perfect example of
just 1 of these somatotypes. They are
usually a mixture of all 3 and can be
placed on a scale like below.
• Different sports suit different somatotypes
• Endomorphs are usually suited to power events
- such as a rugby prop forward, a shot putter or
a power lifter
• Mesomorphs tend to be involved with sports that
require strength and sudden bursts of energy. A
good example is a sprinter or male gymnast.
• Ectomorphs tend to excel in long distance
events such as a marathon or triathlon.
Weight related conditions
and effects of drugs on sport
• Anorexic - an eating disorder due to the loss of
appetite.
• Underweight - weighing less than normal,
healthy or required.
• Overweight - having weight in excess of normal
(not harmful unless accompanied by
overfatness).
• Overfat - having body fat in excess of normal.
• Obese - a term used to describe people who are
very overfat.
Anorexia
• Anorexia means ‘without appetite’ and can
be very serious. There are extreme
conditions where people see themselves
as overweight and do not want to eat in
fear of putting on more weight. The loss of
appetite can lead to extreme weight loss
and result in a serious lack of nutrition.
Obesity
• Obesity is researched to be increasing in the
UK. It has considerable health risks associated
with it such as cancer and heart conditions. It is
also linked to high blood pressure and
diabetes. It is thought that the increase in
obesity in adults and children is due to the lack
of exercise people do as well as the
increased unhealthy foods consumed in our
diets.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLMoFST_Lm
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