Transcript Intelligence

Intelligence
What makes us smart?
Or not so smart?
How do we Assess Intelligence?
• Alfred Binet set out to figure
out a concept called a mental
age (what a person of a
particular age should know).
• He discovered that by
discovering someone’s mental
age they can predict future
performance (motivation?).
• Hoped they could use test to
the French educational system.
Lewis Terman
• Adapted Binet’s tests for
use in the United States
• The test reported
intelligence as a
calculated IQ score
• Called the Stanford-Binet
Intelligence Test
Terman and his IQ Test
• Used Binet’s
research to
construct the
modern day IQ test
called the StanfordBinet Test.
• IQ=Mental
age/Chronological
age X 100.
• A 8 year old has a
mental age of 10,
what is her IQ?
• A 12 year old has
the mental age of 9,
what is his IQ?
• A boy has the mental
age of 10 and an IQ
of 200, how old is
he?
Theories of Intelligence
• No one real
definition
• Fluid versus
Crystallized
Intelligence
• 4 main theoretical
concepts of
intelligence….
Psychometric Theories of Intelligence
• Crystallized intelligence –
The knowledge a person has acquired, plus
the ability to access that knowledge
• Fluid intelligence –
The ability to see complex relationships and
solve problems
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Charles Spearman and his G factor
Jack Bauer is good
at torturing, bomb
defusing, shooting,
figuring out evil
plots and saving
the country (and he
is good looking). Is
there anything he
cannot do?
• Used factor analysis
and discovered that
what we see as many
different skills is
actually one General
Intelligence.
• If you are good at
one subject you are
usually good at many
others.
Multiple Intelligences
• Howard Gardner disagreed
with Spearman’s g and
instead came up with the
concept of multiple
intelligences.
• He came up with the idea
by studying savants (a
condition where a person
has limited mental ability
but is exceptional in one
area).
Howard Gardner and Multiple
Intelligences
• Gardner believed that
there exists at least 7
different types of
intelligences.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Spatial
Musical
Body-kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Robert Sternberg and his
Triarchic Theory
• Most commonly
accepted theory
today.
• Three types of
intelligence
1. Analytical
2. Creative
3. Practical
Goleman and his EQ
• Emotional
Intelligence
• Interpersonal and
intrapersonal
intelligences.
• Maybe EQ is a
better predictor for
future success than
IQ.
Delayed Gratification
•
(and predicting future success)
http://www.ted.com/talks/joachim_de_posada_says_don_t_eat_the_marshmallow_yet.html
Normal Distribution
go back
How do we construct an Intelligence
Test?
• Standardized: the
questions have been
piloted on similar
populations and the
scores fall on a normal
distribution.
• Reliable: Test-Retest,
Split-halves Methods.
• Validity: Content,
Predictive or
Construct.
Types of Tests
Aptitude
• Measure ability or
potential.
Achievement
• Tests that measure
what you have learned.
The Flynn Effect
Does Intelligence Change Over
Time?
By age 3, a child’s
IQ can predict
adolescent IQ
scores.
Depends on the type
of intelligence,
crystallized or fluid.
Wechsler Tests
• Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Scale
(WAIS) consists of
11 subtests and cues
us in to strengths by
using…..
Factor Analysis
• WISC(Wechsler
Intelligence Scale
for Children)
go back
Extremes of Intelligence
• Akrit Jaswal
Brain Size and Intelligence
Is there a link?
• Small +.15
correlation between
head size and
intelligence scores
(relative to body
size).
• Using an MRI we
found +.44
correlation with
brain size and IQ
score.
THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES HIGH SCHOOL MATH
PROFICIENCY EXAM
NAME____________________
GANG NAME______________
1. Little Johnny has an AK 47 with a 30 round clip. He usually
misses 6 out of every 10 shots and he uses 13 rounds per drive-by
shooting. How many drive-by shootings can Little Johnny attempt
before he has to reload?
2. Jose has 2 ounces of cocaine. If he sells an 8 ball to Antonio for
$320 and 2 grams to Juan for $85 per gram, what is the street
value of the rest of his hold?
3. Rufus pimps 3 hos. If the price is $85 per trick, how many tricks
per day must each ho turn to support Rufus's $800 per day crack
habit?
4. Jerome wants to cut the pound of cocaine he bought for $40,000
to make 20% profit. How many ounces will he need?
5. Willie gets $200 for a stolen BMW, $150 for stealing a Corvette,
and $100 for a 4x4. If he steals 1 BMW, 2 Corvettes and 3 4x4's,
how many more Corvettes must he have to steal to have $900?
6. Raoul got 6 years for murder. He also got $10,000 for the hit. If
his common-law wife spends $100 per month, how much money
will be left when he gets out?
Extra credit bonus: how much more time will he get for killing the
ho that spent his money?
7. If an average can of spray paint covers 22 square feet and the
average letter is 3 square feet, how many letters can be sprayed
with 3 eight ounce cans of spray paint with 20% paint free?
8. Hector knocked up 3 girls in the gang. There are 27girls in his
gang. What is the exact percentage of girls Hector knocked up?
9. Bernie is a lookout for the gang. Bernie has a Boa Constrictor
that eats 3 small rats per week at a cost of $5 per rat. If Bernie
makes $700 a week as a lookout, how many weeks can he feed the
Boa on one week's income?
10. Billy steals Joe's skateboard. As Billy skates away at 35 mph,
Joe loads his 357 Magnum. If it takes Joe 20 seconds to load his
magnum, how far away will Billy be when he gets whacked?
The
answers are as follows:
1. (c)
8. (a)
2. (c)
9. (c)
3. (c)
10. (d)
4. (c)
11. (d)
5. (c)
12. (a)
6. (c)
13. (b)
7. (c)
14. (a)
15. (b)
TEST OF CITY INTELLIGENCE
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Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
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