Transcript Forklift Awareness Training

School Safety Training




Forklift Operator
Awareness Training
WAC 296-24-230
Note:
This awareness program is
NOT a complete operator
training program.
1/05
Notice
 This presentation is provided to all Educational Service




District 101 (ESD 101) schools at no cost.
This presentation contains copyrighted materials purchased
by ESD 101 for the exclusive use of training school personnel
within ESD 101.
This presentation may not be reproduced except to print
“handouts” or “notes pages” for use during training within
ESD 101 school districts.
If the school district does not have Microsoft’s PowerPoint
software available, a PowerPoint viewer can be downloaded
from the internet at no cost.
Questions may be directed to the ESD 101 Risk Manager.
2
WISHA Forklift Safety Guide


The Washington State Forklift Safety Guide
can be downloaded at:
http://www.lni.wa.gov/wisha/employees/
employers/Forklift_Safety_Guide.pdf
This is a very important manual for every
school district that owns a forklift.
3
Is Forklift Training Necessary?




About 100
deaths each year
About 95,000
accidents each year
Bankruptcy
New OSHA/WISHA
training standard
4
Forklift Operating Goals



Hazards and forklift stability
Inspecting and operating a forklift
Quiz
5
Authorized Operator




Only trained and authorized personnel are
permitted to operate a forklift
Keep unauthorized employees off of forklifts
Keep pedestrians away from the operating
zone of a forklift
Lock out unsafe lifts as determined in a
preoperation inspection
6
Operating Hazards



Workplace hazards: ramps, railroad tracks,
slippery floors, poor lighting, congestion
Loads: large or bulky, uneven weight,
broken pallets, poorly stacked
Pedestrians: horseplay, unaware of forklift
areas, not paying attention
7
Nameplate




OSHA/WISHA requires a legible nameplate
Includes modifications & attachments
Capacity
Load center
8
Center of Gravity

Balance point
48”
A
Distance from the edge of the
item to the item’s center of gravity
20”
40”
B
9
Load Center

Distance from vertical face of the forks
to the load’s center of gravity
• A: Load center = 24"
• B: Load center = 40"
48””
A
80”
B
1 inch = 100 lbs
Important reason for keeping the load
resting against the vertical face of forks
10
Stability Triangle
3-point suspension
 Forklift’s center of gravity
 Combined center of gravity
 Load center beyond 24"
11
Combined Actions

Center of gravity moves
side to side
Center of gravity
moves forward
Center of gravity moves
backward to the thin portion
of the triangle
12
Attachments



Specific
operator training
Weight of
attachments
Increased
load center
13
Tipping Over




Do not jump
Hold onto the steering wheel
Brace your feet
Lean away from the fall
14
Forklift Operating Goals



Hazards and forklift
stability
Inspecting and
operating a forklift
Quiz
15
Pre-Operation Inspection



As an authorized operator, it
is your responsibility to
make sure your forklift
functions properly
OSHA/WISHA requires
preoperation inspections
school district wants to
comply with OSHA/WISHA
and be sure equipment is
maintained
16
Walk Around


Forklift properly disengaged
• Forks down, key off, neutral gear, parking brake on
Left/right side
• Tire condition, tight lug nuts, no debris around axle,
overhead guard is solid, no debris behind the mast
 Front
• Forks in good shape, fork pins in place, backrest solid,

mast & chains greased, hoses in good shape
Rear
• Counterbalance bolt is tight, radiator clear of debris
17
In the Seat

Non-moving checks
• Gauges, lights, horn, back-up alarm, blinking
warning light, operate the tilt & lift mechanism,
check the parking brake

Moving checks
• Put on the seat belt, check the running brakes,
check the steering

Look for oil or water leaks on the floor
18
Operating a Lift Truck







Only trained, authorized operators
Immediately report forklift-related accidents
Seat belts must always be worn
No person should stand under elevated
portion of lift truck
Forklift controls operated only from
driver’s seat
Never block exits or emergency equipment
Smoking is not permitted
19
Driving Indoors

Internal combustion engines produce
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
• Gasoline powered-Not allowed to operate
indoors
• LP powered-Permitted indoors but IAQ-testing
may be necessary to avoid CO toxicity
20
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Poisoning-Symptoms & Effects







Confusion
Headache
Dizziness
Fatigue
Weakness
Toxicity can cause
• Permanent brain damage
• Personality changes
• Memory changes
Even low levels of CO can cause chest pains and
heart attacks in persons with coronary artery
disease.
21
Loading / Unloading





Before raising a load, understand:
• Approximate weight of the load
• Location of the load’s center of gravity
Inspect load for stability, projections,
damaged pallets before lifting
Restack unstable loads
Never place weight on the back of
a lift truck to increase its capacity
Towing always done from rear towing pin
22
Traveling







Always look in the direction of travel
Keep body inside the cage
When moving, the mast must not be raised
Sound the horn
Operate at safe speeds
When turning, watch rear end swing
Clearance under overhead installations
23
Traveling (cont.)







Avoid loose objects or holes
If load blocks view, travel in reverse
Never carry passengers (WAC 296-24-23027(3)
unless a “safe place to ride” is provided.
Pedestrians always have the right-of-way
Safe distance from edge of ramps or docks
Never eat or drink
No stunt driving or horseplay
24
Ramps and Railroads





Never turn on a ramp
On ramps the load must be upgrade
Ascend or descend ramps slowly
Railroad tracks are crossed diagonally
Never park within 8 feet of the center of
railroad tracks
25
Docks




Inspect the dock plate
Check the trailer floor condition
Trailer wheels are chocked
Nose of the trailer is supported
by the tractor or a fixed jack
26
Parking




Lower the forks
Set gear to neutral
Set the parking brake
Turn off the key
27
Propane Refueling


Propane is a combustible, compressed gas
Propane leaks are detected by:

PPE: gloves, safety glasses
• Distinct odor
• Hissing sound
• Frost on fittings
28
Battery Charging




Inspect battery connectors for damage
No smoking in battery-charging area
Immediately clean up electrolyte (battery
acid) spills
PPE includes face mask, acid-resistant
gloves, and an apron
29
Forklift Operating Goals



Hazards and Forklift Stability
Inspecting and Operating a Forklift
Quiz
30
Summary





Facility hazards
Load center and capacity
Preoperation inspection
Rules of the road
Refueling
31
Quiz
1. If your forklift has a rearview mirror,
looking behind you is not necessary.
2.
True or False
Name two of the three ways to detect
a propane leak: ___________, ___________
3. Describe the four items that must be completed
prior to driving your forklift into a trailer.
4.
If a load blocks your vision, it is OK to raise
the load while moving to see under it.
True or False
5.
Pre-operation inspections are done only
because WISHA says we have to do them.
T or F
32
Quiz (cont.)
6.
Attachments reduce capacity by increasing
the load center and adding weight.
True or False
7.
Minimum PPE items required when refueling
a propane tank are ___________, ____________.
8. The most important differences between a
forklift and a car are weight and steering.
9.
T or F
Name at least one condition that when
combined with turning sharply may cause a tipover.
10.Pedestrians have the right-of-way only
while in designated pedestrian lanes.
True or False
33
Quiz Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
False. You must always look behind you before
backing up.
Hissing sound, distinct odor, or frost on fittings.
Chock the wheels, support the nose of the trailer,
inspect the dock plate, check the trailer floor.
False. Never drive with the load up. Drive in
reverse when the load obstructs forward vision.
False. Inspections are also done so that the
operator can prevent mechanical failure accidents
and because the school district needs to prove
compliance with WISHA’s requirement.
34
Quiz Answers (cont.)
6.
True. Attachments are heavy, and they cause
the load center to move away from the forklift.
7. Gloves and safety glasses are the minimum PPE
required.
8. True. There are many differences, but the most
significant are weight and steering.
9. Hitting a pothole, carrying an off-center load,
getting a flat tire, having a raised & tilted back
load, or being on a ramp.
10. False. Pedestrians always have the right of way.
35