Transcript Sabiedrisko pakalpojumu regulēšanas komisija

OVERVIEW OF ICANN, ITU AND OTHER MAJOR
PLAYERS – WHAT ARE ROLE FOR EACH
Roundtable Disscussion: Internet Governance and Regulation
Dr. Andris Virtmanis
Director
ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS AND POST DEPARTMENT
PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
Riga, 6 April 2005
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PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
• Internet governance – institutions
involved
• Hot topics before 2nd round of
WSIS
• National actualities
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PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
• Internet governance –
institutions involved
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PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
MAIN PLAYERS IN INTERNET NAMING
AND ADDRESSING
ITU
WIPO
ICANN
GAC
EC DG
Infosoc
NRAs
RIRs
ISO
National
Registries
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ICANN
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers
• Took IANA administrative functions since 1998
• Responsibility together with national ccTLD Registries
for ensuring a stable, secure, open and easily
accessable Domain Name System
• Mission:
• to co-ordinate the Internet’s systems of TLD unique
identifiers;
• to operate and evolute the root name server
system;
• the policy development related to these technical
functions
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ITU
International Telecommunications Union (specilized
agency within the UN)
• Operable since 1865
• Strong in technical standardization and international
regulation of ”clacssical” telecommunications
• Previously weak in Internet governance
• More active Participation since 1st phase of WSIS –
creation of a Working Group on Internet Governance
(WGIG) by UN Secretary_General
• WSIS Plan of Action (Dec 2003) invites “Governments
to manage or supervise, as appropriate, their
respective country code top-level domain name”
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ISO
International Standartization Organization
Involved in standardization of ccTLDs : ccTLD means a
domain in the top level of the global domain name system
assigned according to a two-letter code based on the ISO
3166-1 standard
“CODES FOR THE REPRESENTATION OF NAMES OF
COUNTRIES AND THEIR SUBDIVISIONS”
Example: .lv
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WIPO
World Intellectual Property Organization
Among other responsibilities involved in protecting
intellectual property rights across Internet
So-called “WIPO II” process iniciated in 2000 connected
with difficulties over registration of country names in .info
Currently it is essential that WIPO II recommendations be
accomplished well before any other new TLDs are
introduced
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GAC
Government Advisory Committee at ICANN
• Consultative organization formed from governmental
representatives for co-operation with ICANN and other
actors
• The reason to create GAC – every government (or public
authority) is encouraged to ensure that the ccTLD is
being administered in the public interest, within the
framework of its national public policy and relavent
laws and regulations
• One of achievements: PRINCIPLES FOR THE
ADMINISTRATION OF COUNTRY CODE TOP LEVEL
DOMAINS (currently to be updated to include delegation
and recognition of ccTLD Registries)
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PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION
RIRs
Regional Internet Registries (also members of NRO – The
Number Resource Organization)
The development and execution of address allocation
principles are organised on a regional level by following
Registries (funded and governed by over 8000
organisations worldwide):
APNIC –
ARIN –
Asia-Pacific region
Northern America, parts of Caribbean, and
continental Africa south to the equator
LACNIC – Latin America and parts of Caribbean
RIPE NCC – Europe, Middle East, Central Asia
and continental Africa north to the equator
AfriNIC to be Registry for Africa (new)
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• Hot topics before 2nd
round of WSIS
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NEW IPv6 ADDRESS SPACE
DISTRIBUTION PRINCIPLES
Proposed by ITU memorandum “ITU and Internet
governance”(H.Zhao, Director of ITU TSB, 21
October 2004) – address space distribution
principles based solely on national authorities
Reasons: “some developing countries have raised
issues regarding IP address allocation, lack of
accountability , others….”
Negative responses (worries) so-far:
RIRs & NRO (Number Resource Organization)
ETNO (European Telecommunications Operators’
Association)
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NRO’s SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE ITU
PROPOSAL
Strenghts
RIR system is well-established self regulation model
Weaknesses
“there is a lack of accountability especially when it comes
to the administration of IP addresses”
Opportunities
“it would seem opportune to develop principles for a
broad framework of accountability”
Threats
“division of the Internet into more than one net”
“problem of spam, overloading the Internet, serious
threat to DNS system”
“lack of transition from IPv4 to IPv6 so IP addresses
become a scarce resource in certain parts of world”
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• National actualities
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FACT:
On 1 March 2005 the Latvian Government
accepted as completed main provisions of the
„Concept of establishment of Internet
network service provider’s registration and
state supervision system” from 2001
CONSEQUENCIES:
1) Authorization of ISPs by PUC
2) Involvement of the PUC in supervision of
ccTLD
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TRANSPOSITION OF THE NEW FRAMEWORK
IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS - 1
• Electronic Communication Law in force in Latvia
from 1 st December 2004
• According to NRF Internet service provision is included
in definition of electronic communication services
• Dilemma for European NRAs – to regulate or not to
regulate VoIP because ISP not previously regulated?
• Latvian case – voice including VoIP already regulated
independently of technology
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TRANSPOSITION OF THE NEW FRAMEWORK
IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS - 2
•
•
Common Statement for VoIP regulatory approaches
of European Regulators Group (ERG) from 11
February 2005 promoting internet-based services as
well as estabishing requirements to introduce access
to 112 emergency numbers and number portability
services
In Latvia already since 2001 Law on
Telecommunications public network operators
requesting E.164 numbers are obliged to provide
access to emergency numbers & number portability
services
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TRANSPOSITION OF THE NEW FRAMEWORK
IN ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS - 3
• Latvian ECL defines ccTLD .lv as limited (scarce)
resource like radio frequencies and phone numbers
• Delegation in ECL of rights to PUC to issue regulation
for registration of ccTLD
• But – delegation of rights to operate national ccTLD
Registry not yet decided & not in line with GAC
Principles on ccTLD
• Vision – to ammend the ECL allowing the PUC (?) to
elaborate general requirments for Registry and
Government (CoM) to delegate rights to operate the
Registry
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Thank you much for
attention !
[email protected]
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