Transcript Document

UNW-DPC International Workshop
Institutional capacity Development in
Transboundary Basins
Bonn, 10-12 November 2008
Knowledge & Information as a basis to
establish transboundary cooperation: the
experience of the North Western Sahara
Aquifer System (NWSAS)
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2008
Ousmane S. DIALLO
Coordinator of the Water Programme
Observatoire du Sahara et du Sahel (OSS)
OUTLINE
1. Overview of the OSS & Water issues in
the circum-Sahara
2. Key characteristics & issues of the
NWSAS
3. Capacity in the context of IWRM
4. Knowledge & Information for
transboundary cooperation
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2008
5. Lessons & Conclusion
1. OSS & Water issues in the circum-Sahara
Generating, Managing & Disseminating
information to support sustainable
NRM
Joint management of shared WR for
economic integration & sustainaible
development in Africa
The Circum-Sahara region
Work in progress on major
transboundary aquifers
 22 African countries in
the circum-Sahara
 5 countries from the
North
 4 African Sub-Regional
Organisations (IGAD,
UMA, CENSAD, CILSS)
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2008
 International & UN
Organisations
 Civil Society
NWSAS
TTAS
SMAS
IAS
LCAS
IGAD
Water is a mojor stake in the circum-Sahara
Renewable water per capita
Water stress
PNUE, 2008
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Less than 9% of total renewable WR are
in Africa
PNUE, 2008
More than 300 millions of people
are water-stressed in Africa
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2008
But Africa is endowed with a huge potential of WR
Objectives of transboundary cooperation
A potential for cooperation & sustainable
development
Environment
DegradationSustainability
Balance of
compromises
Political &
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Institutional
ConflictCooperation
Economical
FragmentationIntegration
2. Key characteristics & issues of the NWSAS
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Aride to saharan climate
conditions
Area: 1.03 million km2
Algeria: 700,000 km2
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Libya: 250,000 km2
Tunisia: 80,000 km2
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Superposition of 2 main deep
aquifer layers
Reserves: 30 000 km3
Recharge rate: 1 km3/y
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
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Increased & intensive
abstraction Rate: 1.5 km3/y

Major threats & risks

Limited knowledge & capacity

WR: key developmental
resource for the countries

Need for joint management &
cooperation
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CT
TC
CIIC
Fig. 1 : extension des formations du SASS
Agriculture
Tourism
Livestock
Water supply
The Consultation Mechanism
2005: Ministerial declaration on the consultation mechanism
2007: - Agreement on the structure, operation &
funding modalities;
- Ownership by the three countries;
- Coordination Unit (CU) hosted by OSS.
2008: - Establishment of the CU
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Technical tools
update
Institutional
dynamics
Political
agenda
3. Capacity in the context of IWRM
Definitions:
Capacity: the ability of individuals, institutions and
societies to perform functions, solve problems, & set &
achieve objectives in a sustainable manner. (UNDP)
Capacity Development: the process through which
individuals, organisations & societies obtain,
strengthen and maintain the capabilities to set &
achieve their own development objectives over time.
(UNDP)
Political will and a strategic approach to address the issues
of capacity building are essential.
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The biggest challenges that must be addressed to reach
the African Water Vision (2025) and the MDGs is human &
institutional capacity building (AMCOW, PNAFCOM 2003).
Capacity required for sustainable joint management &
development of shared WR based on IWRM:
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Technical: assesment/modeling, knowledge, M&E,
information technology, hydrodynamics, infrastructure,
utilities, geography, ecology, climate
variability/change, link to national issues, etc.
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Institutional: strategic leadership, human resources,
core resources, project & process management,
external links, accountability & voice mechanisms,
etc.
-
Political: agreements, vision, joint development,
integration, economy, hydrosolidarity, regulation,
legislative, legal, etc.
Institutional Capacity Development
Institutional Capacity underlies the institution’s performance.
Capacity is understood as the six interrelated areas below.
Strategic
leadership
Interinstitutional
6
linkages
1
2
Dimensions
of human
resources
Interrelated
areas
5
Process
management
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3
4
Project/
Programme
management
Core
resources
4. K.& I. for transboundary cooperation
1
Political
Capacity
2
Technical
Institutional
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Capacity Development steps in NWSAS
WHAT?
RESULTS:
•Common mgt. tools
& language
• Understanding &
common vision
• Capacity to decide
& have common
solutions
• Basin awareness
• CC: 1st step for
adaptation strategy
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The case of the NWSAS
• Water monitoring networks
qty/qly; rech/abs
• Data & information mgnt.
system
• Modeling: global & sub
-models
• Training sessions
WHY?
• Assessment, hyrodynamics
• Accesible & reliable data,
• System boudaries, scenario
devpt., impacts, risks
• Data mgt. tools, dialogue,
transboundary issues
HOW?
• Involvement of key
stakeholders: common
studies & surveys
• Development of mgt. tools
• Training sessions
• Scientific cooperation
Knowledge
improvement
Technical
dimension
The case of the NWSAS
WHAT?
RESULTS:
•HR developed
• Agreement on
structure & funding
modalities
• Improved legal &
institutional context
with enhanced
transparency &
accountability
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•
•
•
•
•
•
Strategic leadership
Dimensions of HR
Core resources
Project management
Process management
Inter-institutional linkages
WHY?
• Governance, Structure
• HR needs,
•Infrastructure, Technology
Finance
• Planning, Implementaion
• M&E, Communications
• Networks, Partnerships
HOW?
• Initial deliberation & talks
• Joint meetings (convergence
& consensus)
• Capacity of national bodies
Joint management
of SWR
Institutional
dimension
The case of the NWSAS
WHAT?
RESULTS:
• Political will
• Ministerial
Declaration
• Full ownership:
process driven by
the countries
• Transboundary
cooperation in place
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• Political commitment
• Structure of the joint
management framework
• Operation modalities
• Funding modalities
WHY?
• Transboundary cooperation
• Governance of shared WR
• Agreement for equal involvement of the countries
• Facilitation of political will
& action
• Allocation of resources
HOW?
• Advocacy for joint
management
• Trust & Confidence
• Ministerial Declaration
• Agreements
Transboundary
cooperation
Political
dimension
5. Lessons and Conclusion
1. In North Africa, GWR are crucial & strategic resources.
2. Knowledge improvement is a prerequisite for the
management of these resources.
3. In TGWR, IWRM is essential to start with technical
consultation by developing monitoring & management
tools.
4. Need to involve people affected by taking into
consideration theirs concerns with the information
they understand.
5. Progress cannot be made unless strong need & political
committment are in place.
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6. Outcomes must be relevant to policy makers & win
their willingness to make necessary changes.
7. The institutional context: general principles apply, but
need to be adapted to the specifics.
5. Lessons and Conclusion
8. Provide advice to AMCOW:strengthening science-policy
interactions.
9. Advice AMCOW for public information & awareness on
the importance of GWR in Africa.
10. Strengthen GWR management & protection institutions
& to build capacity in those areas.
11. Promote cooperative management of shared aquifers.
12. Promote education & training & trigger national &
regional initiatives to address capacity building for
users & decision-makers.
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13. Result: appropriate capacity (policy & legislation);
appropriate institutions & human resources to plan &
implement sustainable GW utilisation