Transcript Marketing of Tilapia in the USA

Aquaculture in Lebanon
Ibrahim Al-Hawi
Anjar Aquaculture Center -Ministry of Agriculture
Lebanon, 2005
Background
• Fish Production: 4,000 tons
• Aquaculture Production: 600 tons
• The annual per capita
consumption: 3.25 kg
History
• Started in the 30s.
• The oldest farm was created in 1965 in Hermel.
• 41% sprouted during the years 1985-1990
Construction Year
18
Number
20
15
10
5
6
1
6
2
1
0
1965-1970 1971-1975 1976-1980 1981-1985 1986-1990 1991-1994
Year
Human resources
•
•
•
•
•
There are about 150 farms or holdings.
It is in most cases a family business.
Most hire a full time labourer to take care
of daily farming activities of the farm.
Main raisers are organized into 4 main
coops
There are restaurants owners (30)
Farming systems and distribution
• Regions are in 4
different areas
(Hermel, Akkar, south
and Anjar)
TROUT
• Introduced: early 1960’s.
• Production: around 600tons/year
by 150 farms
• Semi Intensified System
TROUT
Trout Farm Sizes
11
12
Number
10
8
6
5
5
4
5
4
2
2
2
0
0-250
251-500
501-750
751-1000
1001-1250 1251-1500
RacewayArea (m2)
> 1500
TROUT
• Water requirement: Water flows
of at least 2-8 cu.m/minute
• Water Quality:
+ Water temperature: 7-18°C
+ Oxygen Content: 6 - 9 mg/l
TROUT
+ Egg Imports: 5,000,000 certified eyed eggs
(3,200,000 Winter - 1,800,000 Summer)
+ Egg sources: Denmark, South Africa & USA
+ Average Yield: 30kg/m2
Feed Imports: 800 tons/year
TROUT
Raceway Type
22
25
Number
20
15
10
7
5
5
0
Earthern
Concrete
Type
Mixed
TROUT
Diseases:
+ Nutritional and environmental
+ Bacterial
+ Fungal
+ Protozoans
TILAPIA
Existing Facilities
• Pilot project of choueifat:
Private Sector: Operational
Hatchery & Growout Facilities
TILAPIA
Major Challenges:
• Sub-Optimal Temperature:
( Optimum: > 25°C )
• High electricity costs ($0.133/kWh)
• Unstable power supply
: IFF ‘ONE TANK’ Fish Farm System at the Hadath Tilapia Farm
IFF 217m²
RBC at the
Hadath
Tilapia Farm
View of the
IFF 8L/sec
Airlift water
pump
behind the
RBC
Standard
IFF 60 Airlift
aerator
IFF 0.366 m³
Lamella
Separator
below water
level
TILAPIA
Technologies
employed
• Recirculation
• Biofilters
• UV disinfectants
• Greenhouses
• Standby Generators
The 30 m3 demonstration scale IFF ‘ONE TANK’ Fish Farm System at the
Hadath Tilapia Farm
IFF 0.575 m³
Lamella
Separator below
water level (not
visible)
IFF 600m² RBC
Screened
partitions
View of the IFF
20L/sec Airlift
water pump in
operation.
Sieved wall slots
Standard IFF
120 Airlift
aerator
• Recycle > 98% of it’s
water to maintain
‘high-residence-times’
allowing ‘free’ solar
energy to heat the tank
water
•RBC's (Rotating
Biological Contactor) for
ammonia conversion
• Marine aquaculture is absent (one shrimp
farm (Litopenaeus vannamei)
• Pilot project for Seabass and Seabream
Market
• the total amount of imported fish, whether live, fresh or
frozen (including crustaceans and molluscs) amounts to
14000 tons (US $35.6 million).
• Canned and prepared fish stuff imports are at 1608 tons
with a value of US $ 4.6 million representing mainly
prepared or preserved fish; caviar and caviar substitutes
prepared from fish eggs.
• Turkey is the number one exporting country (17% of the
total imports), followed by Egypt (9%), Argentina (7%),
the United Kingdom (7%), India (6%) and Oman (5%)
(Annex 6).
Trout Marketing
• Market not selective: No grading or
packaging.
• Sold chilled whole or eviscerated.
• Farm Price is $2-3/kg
• Retail price is $3-5/kg.
• Restaurants/Farms (10$/kg)
• Marketable size: 250-350 g.
Ministry of Agriculture
Aquaculture Facilities
1. Batroun (Institute of
Oceanography and Fisheries)
2. Chouaifat (Aquaculture Centre)
3. Anjar (Fish Farming Centre)
4. Hermel (Fish Farming Centre)
Regulations
• No licensing requirement for the establishment of
farms from MOA.
• Aquaculture farms establishment is regulated by
the Ministry of Environment which requests an
EIA study.
• Start up of such enterprises is subject to local
authorities Mayor (at Mohafazat level) where such
farms are treated as classified enterprises subject
to the Mayor licensing.
• Current related regulations are under revision by
MOA
Research
• Anjar: Aquaculture research projects involve trout growing
and technology transfer.
• NCMR under the NCSR is responsible for marine
aquaculture research.
• American University of Beirut
• The Lebanese University in collaboration with NCMR and
Anjar center.
• Balamand University is a private one that conducts
research studies on marine aquaculture.
• The government’s Oceanographic Institute of Batroun in
North Lebanon
Issues and Trends
• Aquaculture sector production and productivity in
Lebanon can be boosted in relation to water
availability and quality, the favourable growing
conditions (temperature, ..).
• Aside from Morocco Lebanon is the only Arab
country growing Trout.
• Farming practices and technologies used needs to
be enhanced. Investments are needed to develop
the sector along with the support infrastructure.
• Research is needed: feed conversion, health
management and different growing techniques.
Issues and Trends
• Legislations and regulations pertaining to
aquaculture production, establishment of
enterprises and its effects on environment
needs to be developed and enforced.
• Comprehensive accurate statistics and adapt
concerning the sector is needed. Lack of
funds and human resources are the two
factors leading such gaps.
Thank you