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The Case Studies
Football Through Time
The Spec Says….
• For each case study activity candidates should be
able to, with reference to the content specific to
each activity:
– analyse the activity as popular recreation
– assess the influence of 19th-century public schools on
the development of the activity
– demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
activity as rational recreation
– demonstrate knowledge and understanding of both
participation and barriers to participation in the
activity today
What we need to look at…
• Mob games.
• Football and rugby in public schools: values and
status.
• Amateurism and professionalism
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–
–
–
broken time payments
the split between association football and rugby football
spectatorism vs. participation
the importance of the game in urban communities.
• Factors that have helped develop football in the UK
and the impact of these factors on contemporary
participation and performance.
Football as a Popular Recreation
• Pre industrial society saw a variety of games involving kicking or throwing
a ball
• Identify characteristics of pre-industrial Britain…
• Mob football was cruel, violent, locally-coded, occasional encounter
between neighbouring villages
• Little rules, massive brawls, tragic consequences
• Declared illegal by several authorities but the law was easy to ignore – the
game survived
• Remember, mob football continues today (E.g. Ashbourne)
Influence of 19th Century Public Schools
• Football and Rugby throughout the public school stages:
• At stage 2, football became the place to settle disputes, rather
than fighting, and show courage and determination
• Independent research: read about the different versions of
football different public schools had (Page 69)
Football as a Rational Recreation
• Ex public school boys from Oxbridge universities
formed the FA in 1863
• Before this, ‘soccer’ (dribbling game) and
‘rugby’ (handling game) co-existed
• The ‘hackers and handlers’ moved away from
the RFU, and ‘soccer’ (deriving from the word
‘association’) became an amateur game for
gentlemen and a professional game for ‘the
people’ (in other words, working classes)
Football as a Rational Recreation
• Amateurism and Professionalism
– Best players couldn’t take unpaid time off work, therefore the FA
(reluctantly) accepted professionalism in 1888
– By 1885, all home countries were playing each other
– Gentlemen amateurs disliked the working class dominance that was
changing the nature of the game, and started amateur leagues and
cups
– Amateurs compared spectators to the mobs of mob football days
– An amateur team called ‘the Corinthians’ successfully competed for
many years, even against professionals
Football as a Rational Recreation
• Broken time payments and the split between the two codes for Rugby
• Broken time payments were not offered to those in the north, therefore
the Northern Football Union was formed in 1895 (Now Rugby League!)
• Southern clubs excluded manual workers who needed time of to train and
travel, keeping with tradition that the game is for gentlemen amateurs
Football Today
Football Today
Lets Recap…
• Mob games.
• Football and rugby in public schools: values and
status.
• Amateurism and professionalism
–
–
–
–
broken time payments
the split between association football and rugby football
spectatorism vs. participation
the importance of the game in urban communities.
• Factors that have helped develop football in the UK
and the impact of these factors on contemporary
participation and performance.