Transcript New and Renewable Energy Technologies 2004

Some aspects of energy efficiency
and energy conservation in
buildings
Dorota Chwieduk
Department of Eco-Building Engineering
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
Polish Academy of Sciences
00-049 Warszawa ul.Swiętokrzyska 21
Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings
Energy consumption in the residential and tertiary
sectors is especially high in developed countries.
There is a great potential for energy savings in these sectors
THE GENERAL FUNDAMENTAL RULE:
•to introduce energy efficiency technologies first
•then to introduce modern options for energy
conservation, i.e.:
new innovative technologies, including utilization of
renewable energy, to reduce total energy consumption
sufficiently.
TRADITIONAL OPTIONS OF ENERGY
CONSERVATION IN BUILDINGS
To reduce the heat demand for heating purposes:
• Improvement of a building envelope (including basement)
To reduce the use of heat supplied to the housing units:
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Modernisation of thermal centres: automation, installation of heat meters
Modernisation of heat distribution
Introduction of individual heat meters
Modernisation of ventilation system
To reduce the use of fuels for heat production by modernisation of:
• Thermal power stations and large thermal systems
• Local thermal systems and boilers
• Individual heat sources;
which is usually done by switching from coal to gas
MODERN OPTIONS FOR ENERGY
CONSERVATION IN BUILDINGS
• Introduction (or modernisation) of a design of the building with
focus on the building envelope
• Utilisation of renewable energy
• Utilisation of waste energy
• Application of new methods of heat storage and heat recovery
• Reduction of waste energy and waste materials
Department of Eco-Building Engineering
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
The Department deals with:
• building optimization,
• modeling of structures and environment,
• environmental acoustics,
• utilsation of renewable energy with stress on solar energy.
Department of Eco-Building Engineering
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
•Heat and mass transfer processes in buildings and composed media.
•Mutual interactions between environment and buildings - its
influence on thermal comfort and energy consumption saving.
•Optimization of the building shape and structure and their elements,
optimization of heat source utilisation in building sector.
•Thermovision analysis of building envelope.
•Solar energy devices and energy storage systems in buildings.
•Phase change for energy storage and transfer.
•Underground heat storage.
•Noise propagation in built-up areas.
•Noise generation in piping systems, acoustic in rooms of complex
shape
•Composites with brittle matrix. Cement based materials.
Department of Eco-Building Engineering
Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings
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Energy Conversion
Energy Systems in Buildings
Energy Technology
Energy Transfer and Accumulation
Renewable Energy Sources
Active and passive energy systems
EUROPEAN PROJECT EXPERIENCE
Department of Eco-Building Engineering
• Brundtland City Energy Network
• Solar Schools– Brighter Future European
Sustainable Energy Education Forum
• Solid Sorption system for cooling in tri-generation
– SOCOOL
• Coordination Actions for Multi-generated Energy
systems with Locally Integrated Applications –
CAMELIA
Tri-generation in the
tertiary sector:
Market potential
Technical solutions
Demonstration project
‘SOCOOL’ TRIGENERATION SYSTEM
50C - 60C Exhaust Gas
210C Oil
Solid Sorption
Machine
Exhaust Gas
Heat Exchanger
6 kWcooling
16 kWheating
190C Oil
AC Electric
Grid
Cogeneration
Unit, 20 kWe,
44 kW thermal
Kitchen
AC Power
95C H2O
Solid Sorption
Machine
85C H2O
6 kWcooling
16 kWheating
Cooled/Heated H2O
Restaurant
Heating /
Air-Conditioning
System
Cooled/Heated H2O
H2O
Natural Gas
Supply
SOCOOL
Solid Sorption System for Cooling in Tri-generation
Boiler
Hot Water
Storage
Kitchen
Hot Water
Coordination Actions
or Multi-generated Energy systems
with Locally Integrated Applications
CAMELIA
Coordination Actions CAMELIA are addressing more specifically the topics of :
•RES electricity
•Medium and low temperature RES heating and cooling
•Polygeneration
Coordination Actions CAMELIA are done in a view to complement the future
Integrated Project
Integrated Multigeneration Buildings Energy Systems Technology
Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings
Technical University of Łódź, Division of Building Physics and Building Materials
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Wind environment in urban structures
the optimal arrangement of buildings
acoustic climate in urbanised zones and in open areas
Sound protection in industry
• Technical University of Warsaw, The Institute of Heating and Ventilation
heating and district heating
• ventilation and air-conditioning
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Technical University of Lublin Institute of Electrical Engineering & Electrotechnologies
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application of PV integrated systems
Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings
Technical University of Cracow Institute of Building Materials & Structures
•building and engineering structures, elements and materials
•durability and anticorrosion protection of buildings
•new technologies as applied to building and engineering structures;
•strengthening and reconstruction of structures
•problems of modern building engineering and industrial construction
with regard to environmental effects.
Technical University of Warsaw, Institute of Micro and Optoelectronics
•Network Energy in the Built Environment
• Improved Building Integration of PV by using Thin Film Modules in
CIS Technology
Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings
Baltic Energy Conservation Agency
•Energy Auditing of residential, industrial and tertiary buildings, heat plants and
networks
•Utisation of renewables
•Supporting thermalmodernisation
National Energy Conservation Agency
•Energy Auditing of residential and tertiary buildings
•Utisation of renewables
•Supporting thermalmodernisation
•Green Building - accelerating the development towards sustainable urban housing
•new technologies and latest best technologies