Transcript Liberia and Civil War

Liberia and Civil War
By:
Sudesh Kalyanswamy and Ross Carstens
Background
Two civil wars
First war from 1989-1995
Second war from 1999-2003
Period of fighting from
1980-2004
Pictures of Civil War
Causes of Civil War
Liberian Civil Wars
Arbitrary Rule
Economic Collapse
Ethnic Issues
What does it stand for?
ECOWAS – Economic Community of
West African States
NPFL – National Patriotic Front of Liberia
Ecowas
Brief History of ProBlem: Doe’s
control
1980 - Samuel Doe takes control of gov’t.
1984 - Under pressure, Doe allows political
parties to return
1985 - Doe wins presidential Election
U.S. says election characterized by
fraud and rigging.
Ethnic conflicts increase
Brief History cont: cHarles taylor’s
Uprising
1989 - NPFL, led by Taylor, begins revolt
against gov’t.
1990 - ECOWAS sends peacekeeping force
Doe is caught and executed by NPFL.
1991 - ECOWAS and NPFL agree to disarm
and set up Interim Gov’t of National
Unity
1992- NPFL launches assault on
peacekeeping troops in Monrovia
Brief History Cont: End 1st Civil War and 2nd
Civil War
1994 - Warring factions agree on timetable for
disarmament and set up of joint Council of
State
1995 – Peace agreement signed
1999 – Rebel forces come down from Guinea and
attack town of Voinjama
2000 - Liberian forces launch attack against rebels
2001 - UN imposes arms embargo
Brief History: End 2nd Civil War
2002 – Taylor declares state of Emergency
2002- In Sept., Taylor lifts state of emergency
2003- Fighting intensifies, rebels battle for
control of Monrovia, the capital
Aug 2003- Nigerian Peacekeepers arrive.
Taylor leaves handing power to his deputy
Moses Blah. US troops arrive.
Sept/Oct 2003- UN launches peacekeeping
mission
otHer countries’ reactions
Many countries sent peacekeeping
troops along with the UN troops.
Countries Included: Namibia, Ethiopia,
Pakistan, Bangladesh, China, Nepal,
Jordan, and various Western Nations.
Peacekeeping Troops Map
Results of Civil War
Over 50,000 people have been
displaced from their homes
220,000 people died in conflict
Leaders of Liberia
Charles
Taylor
Doe, Samuel
Bryant, Gyude
Blah, Moses
Solution to Problem
A treaty was made last Wednesday
renouncing Civil War and initiating
disarmament.
Peace Treaty
The peace treaty is meant to be permanent.
Previous peace treaties have failed.
Ethnic groups probably still hold grudges
against one another.
A western peace treaty may not stop war.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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http://www.un.org/securitycouncil
http://www.pbs.org
http://www.foreignaffairs.org
http://www.cnn.com
http://www.bbc.com/news
http://www.globalsecurity.org
THE END!
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