Transcript 9th Honors 1.28.15 - Mr. Steen's World History:

9th Honors 1.28.15
Turn in:
 Jared Diamond C/R/A
 JD Prediction questions
 River Dynasties in China
Take out :
 Planner
 Pen/Pencil
 Note-taking devices
Today’s Learning Objectives:
 I can understand the
development of China and
it’s role in world history.
Today’s Agenda:
 Cultural Universals
 Dynasties
 Xia
 Shang
 Zhou
 Oracle Bones (?)
HW:
 C/R/A “The Unification of
China”
 Define and EXPLAIN terms
and names at end of the
section. (Question #1)
Ancient China
As we progress, use your notes and readings to find
pieces of information for each of the following
Elements of Culture:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Technology
Government type
Economics
Social Organization (Gender Roles))
The Xia
• “Mythical” first Dynasty
– We have no evidence that they ever really
existed.
– Any connections to other civilizations?
• A Golden Age based on engineering
• Yu the Great (AKA Yu the Engineer)
• Became powerful by organizing tribes
together
–to build canals, dams, and levies
–to control the flooding of the Yellow River
The Xia
• Role Models: Xia rulers are a model, something that
later Chinese dynasties try to live up to.
• Chinese historians criticize dynasties for not living up
to the standard that the Xia set.
• “I am not one who was born in the possession of
knowledge; I am one who is fond of antiquity, and
earnest in seeking it there.”
– Confucius
Fall of the Xia Dynasty:
The fall of the Xia is blamed on its last king,
King Jie is said to have fallen in love with an evil,
beautiful woman and become a tyrant.
The people rose up in rebellion under the
leadership of Zi Lü, the founder of the Shang
Dynasty.
The Shang
The Shang Dynasty is the first major Chinese
Dynasty (1700s-1122 BCE)
Monarchy. Built along the Yellow River.
Rice, Wheat, Bronze (a soft metal)
The Shang
Oracle Bones
Shang Dynasty:
Priests would submit questions to the gods.
Priests would ask about: weather, crop planting,
the fortunes of members of the royal family, or
wars.
These questions were carved onto the bone or
shell.
Intense heat was then applied with a metal rod
until the bone or shell cracked.
The Priest would then interpret the pattern of
cracks and decide whether people should plant
crops, go to war, or change their leaders.
“The Mandate of Heaven”
• What is authority based on?
One answer: the gods.
“The Mandate of Heaven”: the approval of the gods.
When the Chou (Joh/Zhou) overthrew the Shang in 1027
BCE, they argued that the Shang had lost the approval of
the gods, because they were corrupt.
From then on, whenever a new dynasty came into power,
they claimed that they had the “Mandate of Heaven”
The Dynastic Cycle
The Mandate of Heaven
Is this a solid system?
1. What are the strengths of this system?
2. What problems might arise?