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Topic 2 – Introduction to ArcGIS What software tool will we use? ArcGIS Desktop ArcCatalog ArcMap Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price ArcToolbox 1-3 ArcGIS functionality Same interface and programs $ArcView $$ArcEditor $$$ArcInfo Three levels of functionality and cost Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-4 More tools in the toolbox Storing data in ArcGIS Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-5 Data formats Coverages Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price Shapefiles 1-6 Geodatabases We will use shapefiles most of the time! Shapefiles are made up of at least 3 things: .dbf = database .shx=Index File .shp= we use this to open and modify the items. The actual shapefile relates specifically to files with the ".shp" extension, however this file alone is incomplete for distribution, as the other supporting files are required. Coincident boundary Shapefiles Shapefiles in Windows Explorer Shapefiles in ArcCatalog Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-8 Important Although Windows permits spaces in file and folder names, in GIS they are a BAD IDEA. They often work, but sometimes a certain program or function will fail if it encounters a space in a folder name. Real GIS users FLINCH when they see spaces anywhere in folder/file names—even when they’re allowed! Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-9 Causes of broken data links Broken data links occur when a map document cannot find data using the stored pathname C:\mgisdata\usa\supersites.shp ?? Some causes Data were moved or deleted Drive not available Map document copied to different computer Data not sent with map D:\mgisdata\usa\supersites 2-10 Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price Pathnames Absolute paths always start C:\ at the top of the data tree C:\mgisdata\usa\states.shp mgisdata Usa MapDocuments --States --Cities --Counties --ex_1.mxd --ex_2.mxd --ex_3.mxd ? Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price Relative paths start at the location of the map document .. Means go up one level ..\usa\states.shp Broken data links occur when a map document cannot find data using the stored pathname 2-11 what is ArcGIS 10? - ArcMap ArcMap – data view ArcMap – layout view Layers and layer properties Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-15 What layers are on this map? Think about adding lasagna layers If you take one ingredient, it does not taste very good, but if you add all of the ingredients, alright! Layer properties Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-18 Lets talk about the two different types of data we use in the geospatial world We have… ? ? Raster vs. Vector Vector Data: Have shape and size that can be polygons, lines, or points referenced to lat/lon and data. OR Raster Data: Occupy space referenced to lat/lon. Linked to data! Raster vs. Vector Which are raster and vector? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? What is this type of data? Remote Sensing Taking images from above to analyze Earth. Colors in satellite images represent data about the Earth. The amount of reflected light represented by different colors tells us what we are looking at! Video http://igett.delmar.edu/Dropbox/onion_skin_remix_Copy .mp4 We can do cool things using Landsat data and Remote Sensing tools…check this out! TAKE GEG 133 Expected spring or fall 2014 Introduction to Remote Sensing Landsat 7, Path 35 Row 34, 09.12.00 True color Near-infrared composite Another infrared composite Another infrared composite What remote sensing scientists & students can do with Landsat • Learn what’s behind Google Earth, and the power of data behind the imagery • Map, analyze, and predict urban growth and impervious surfaces • Monitor crop health • Monitor forest health • Measure deforestation and reforestation • Quantify amount of land used in surface mining • Track mountaintop removal • Determine the extent of flood zones for emergency response and assessment of insurance claims • Map extent and severity of forest fires • Monitor seasonal wetlands to help predict the spread of pest-borne Lab 2 In 1 email, send me your: Task 1 definitions Lab 1 map Task 2 Lab 2 map DAY 2 Attributes information attached to each line, polygon, point or raster. Attributes could be population, precipitation, country name, Internet use, etc. Each column is a different attribute General properties Layer Name need not match layer file name. Use something descriptive. Display scale range is used to control at what scales a layer is drawn. Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-34 Display scale range 1:325,582 Visible range set less than or greater than a specific scale. 1:260,425 Helps avoid clutter. Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-35 Symbology properties Used to control the symbols used to display the layer. Many different display options are available. Click to open the Symbol Selector and change the symbol Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-36 The Symbol Selector 1. 2. 3. Choose a symbol. Modify its properties. Expand symbol choices by choosing additional styles. Copyright © 2009 by Maribeth H. Price 1-37 Symbols are stored together in groups called styles Transparency! Choose Hollow! Which color should I choose? http://colorbrewer2.org/ Choose # of data classes on your map The nature of your data Sequential Diverging Pick a color system (note # are the same as ArcGIS color #’s) Queries (Powerful Analysis Tool) Query= A question or request used for selecting features. In the form of a statement or logical expression. Spatial Query = select an area a certain distance from something. Later, we will use the buffer tool in ArcToolbox. Sample Attribute Query Attribute queries = require the processing of attribute data exclusive of spatial information. For example: identifying commercial land use parcels in order to compute the average value of this land use type.