Transcript Slide 1
Keystone Educational Consulting
Dr. Ashlea Rineer-Hershey
Dr. Richael Barger-Anderson
Focus Questions
What are the core characteristics of the RtI model?
What are the elements of Tiers 1, 2 and 3 on the
RTI triangle?
What elements are needed to implement RTI in a
school?
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What is Response to Intervention?
A comprehensive standards-aligned school reform
strategy that enables early identification and
intervention for students needing additional
opportunities to learn high level content -- while
providing on-level students the opportunity to
enrich and “grow” their skills and talents
An alternate way to identify students with learning
disabilities
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From RtI to RtII: We gained an ‘I’
Instruction is the Key!
Promotes the importance of effective instruction
in building a strong core (Tier 1)
Promotes the provision of standards-aligned
instruction for all students
Focuses Tier 2 and 3 implementation efforts on
effective instructional practices
Discourages teams in building Tiers 2 and 3
structures without a strong, standards aligned
instructional core
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A Multi-tiered Strategy… to Intervention
Framework
Tier 3:
Interventions
for
A Few Students
Tier 2:
Interventions
for
Some Students
Tier I:
Foundation
Standards Aligned Instruction for All Students
Tier 1: Foundation-Standards Aligned Instruction
for All Students
Definition: Standards aligned instruction and
school-wide foundational interventions provided
to all students in the general education core
curriculum and includes:
Effective instruction
Differentiated Instruction
Research-based core programs
Clear expectations
Effective student support
Periodic benchmark assessments
Universal prevention
Includes: Reading, Math, and Behavior
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Tier 1 Components
High Quality Standards-Aligned Instruction in the
General Classroom
Universal Screening and Benchmark Assessment
Data Analysis Teaming
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Tier 1: High Quality Standards-Aligned Instruction
in the General Classroom
Standards-Aligned Instruction
• What students are taught (curriculum); how
students are taught (instructional practices),
and how students are assessed are directly
matched to the PA state standards.
• This is the first step in implementing an RTI
framework.
• All staff are active in assessment and
instruction.
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Tier 1: Universal Screening
• All students assessed 3 times a year in reading, math, and
behavior
• Data is graphed for easy analysis and interpretation
• Provides a baseline for grade-wide goal setting.
• Identifies students at risk of academic or behavioral
difficulties.
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Tier 1: Universal Screening
Frequently used in PA:
Reading
DIBELS, AIMSweb, 4Sight Benchmark Assessments
Math
Monitoring Basic Skills Progress (MBSP), GMADE,
4Sight, Star Math
Behavior
School-wide Information System (SWIS)
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Sample 4th Grade 4Sight
Proficiency Data- Winter - Math
Tier 1: Data Analysis Teaming
Grade Level Teams…
Meet within one week after universal
screenings.
Follow a structured meeting protocol.
Analyze grade level student data.
Set measurable grade-wide goals.
e.g., By the second benchmark, 75% of 2nd graders
will be at benchmark in Oral Reading Fluency)
Select and implement research-based, gradewide strategies to reach this goal.
Monitor and adjust selected strategies.
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Tier1 in Action: Student
Example
Elliot, Kendra, and Rob
3rd grade general education
DIBELS benchmarks
Fall
77 words correct per minute
Winter
94 words correct per minute
Spring 110 words correct per minute
Progress monitoring data
Tier 1
Tier 2
Tier 3
x3 per year
every other week
weekly
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3rd grade benchmarks: Fall = 77; Spring = 110
Elliot
Elliot’s Attained Scores: Fall = 79; Spring = 113
110
105
W100
C95
P
M90
85
80
Tier 1 is working for Elliot
75
70
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Weeks
24
26
28
30
= Expected
32
34
36
= Attained
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Tier 2: Interventions for Some Students
Definition: Academic instruction and
behavioral
strategies, methodologies and practices designed
for some students not making expected progress in
the standards-aligned system and are at risk for
academic and behavioral failure.
Students require additional academic and
behavioral support to successfully engage in the
learning process and succeed in the standardsaligned system.
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Tier 2: Interventions for Some Students
Increased Time and Opportunity to Learn:
In addition to core instruction
Supplemental small group instruction
Specialists may assist with strategic instruction in
general education classroom or in homogeneous
skill group
Use of standard protocol interventions
More frequent progress monitoring (every other
week)
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Application of RtII in Tier 2
Examples:
Reading:
Quick Reads, Peer Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS),
Read Naturally
Math
Mastering Math Facts, Peer Assisted Learning Strategies
(PALS), Number Worlds
Behavior
Check-in/Check-out, targeted reinforcement system;
small groups for specific skills
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Tier 2: Interventions for Some Students
Increased assessment:
Progress Monitoring data collection done twice per
month
Data-based decision-making based on using no less
than four data points
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3rd grade benchmarks: Fall = 77; Winter = 94
Rob
With 6 data points, Rob is not on target to reach 94
Tier 2
95
90
W
C
P
M
80
75
70
65
Rob’s current rate of
progress will NOT allow
him to reach winter
benchmark
60
55
50
2
3
4
Weeks
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
= Needed
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14
15
16
17
= Benchmarks
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19
20
= Attained19
3rd grade benchmarks: Fall = 77; Winter = 94
Kendra
With 6 data points, Kendra is on target to reach 94
Tier 2
95
90
W
C
P
M
80
75
70
Kendra’s current rate of
progress will allow her to
reach winter benchmark
65
60
55
50
2
3
4
Weeks
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
= Needed
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14
15
16
17
= Benchmarks
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19
20
= Attained20
Tier 3: Interventions for a Few Students
Definition:
Academic instruction and behavioral strategies,
methodologies and practices designed for a few
students significantly below established grade-level
benchmarks in the standards-aligned system or that
demonstrate significant difficulties with behavioral
and social competence.
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Tier 3: Interventions for a Few Students
In addition to Core instruction:
More intensive instruction
Use of standard protocol interventions
Supplemental instructional materials for specific
skill development
Small, intensive, flexible groups
Can be outside the general education classroom
Weekly progress monitoring
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Tier 3 Interventions: Examples
Reading
Corrective Reading, Language!, Wilson, Sonday
Math
Corrective Mathematics, Hot Math, Pirate Math
Behavior
Check and Connect
Individualized Behavioral Support Plan
Possible agency collaboration
Tier 3: Interventions for a Few Students
Increased assessment:
-Progress Monitoring data collection done
weekly
-Data-based decision-making based on using no
less than four data points
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3rd grade benchmarks: Fall = 77; Winter = 94
Rob
Data shows that Rob is responding to Tier 3
Tier 2
95
Tier 3
90
W
C
P
M
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
2
3
4
Weeks
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
= Needed
13
14
15
16
17
= Benchmarks
18
19
20
= Attained25
If students don’t do well at Tier
3 then….
“All hands on deck”
General educators
Special educators
School psychologist
Paraeducators
Speech/Language pathologists
Guidance counselor
ESL staff
Reading Specialists
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Final Points…
Implementation of RtII is a 3 to 5 year process.
Focus must be instruction, starting with solid core
Supports for RtII must be in place…
Leadership and belief system
Professional development
Adjustments to schedule may need to occur
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Focus Questions
What are the core characteristics of Pennsylvania’s
RtII model?
What are the elements of Tiers 1, 2 and 3 on the
RTII triangle?
What elements are needed to implement RTII in a
school?
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Helpful Websites
DIBELS
http://dibels.uoregon.edu/index.php
Center on Instruction
www.centeroninstruction.org/index
What Works Clearinghouse
http://www.whatworks.ed.gov/
Best Evidence Encylcopedia
www.bestevidence.org
National Center on Response to Intervention:
www.rti4success.org
Florida Center on Reading Research (FCRR) - Summary
Table of FCRR Report
http://www.fcrr.org/FCRRReports/table.asp
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