Transcript Third Workshop on Social Policy and International

Third Workshop on Social Policy and
International Cooperation for the
Caribbean region
Denzil Thorpe
Director of Social Security
Ministry of Labour and Social Security
Empowering the Poor – An
intervention for the Social
Graduation from the Jamaican
Conditional Cash Transfer
Programme.
PROGRAMME OF ADVANCEMENT THROUGH HEALTH AND EDUCATION (PATH)
PATH OBJECTIVE
To provide the poorest populations
with targeted social safety net
programmes to enable them to break
the cycle of intergenerational poverty
What is PATH
What is PATH?
conditional Cash Transfer Programme – attendance at
school and health centres. Schools and health centres
attendance data and submit to the parish offices
A
Consolidated
three (3) Social Assistance Programmes. (
Old Age and Incapacity Programme; Food Stamp
Programme and Outdoor Poor Relief Programme
Selection
to the programme is done through the use of a
proxy means test.
Registration
to the programme is ongoing.
BACKGROUND …….
As
at June 2013: 488,000 registered beneficiaries on
the programme.
15% of the population of Jamaica.
Over 80% of the two poorest quintiles (Targeting
Assessment 2013).
Children
account for 77%
Approximately
27%
142,000 families
of total beneficiary families are in the urban areas
What is Graduation?
• The process of moving families out of poverty
and away from dependence on social protection
transfers, to an independent and sustainable
livelihood. Graduation can be considered when
welfare households have improved human
capital, resilience, and income security.
• Graduation is not only about attaining a certain
level of food consumption or cash income.
Sustainable graduation implies (a) the capacity to
generate adequate streams of future food and
income; and (b) resilience against future shocks.
A life-cycle approach to promote
resilience, equity and opportunity
Pregnancy,
Early
childhood
Ensure Equity:
Social pensions
Build Resilience:
Old-age pensions,
disability insurance
Old age
Create
Opportunities:
Employment
services,
entrepreneurship,
training and skills
Equity: Cash and inkind transfers,
public works
programs
Build Resilience:
Unemployment,
disability insurance
Create Opportunities:
Nutrition/ECD, CCTs for
pre-school, health
Ensure Equity: OVC
programs, child
allowances
Working
age
School
age
Youth
Create
Opportunities:
CCTs for (girls’)
education
Ensure Equity :
Child allowances,
school feeding
Create
Opportunities:
Youth
employment
programs, skills
training
8
CONCEPTUAL DEFINITON REGARDING DEPENDENCE AND GRADUATION
Economically
Active Poor
Dependency
Social
Welfare
Case load
Graduation
‘Negative
dependency’:
Social transfers induce
negative
behavioural changes,
which should be
avoided.
Have Labour Capacity, so
should be supported to escape
poverty and achieve selfreliance.
Economically
Inactive Poor
Positive dependency’:
Dependent on others, by
definition, but
social protection can
relieve this burden
on poor communities.
No graduation
potential:
Most will never be selfreliant, so should
not be expected to
graduate from social
transfer programmes.
Ethos for Jamaican Graduation
Strategy
“Self Help Within
a Supportive
Framework”
Proposed Graduation Definition for
Jamaica
Households that attain the
social protection floor and
have attained income
security for 12 months
Guiding Principles
•
•
•
•
•
Personal Responsibility
Resilience
Opportunity
Equity
S.M.A.R.T Programming
–
–
–
–
–
Synchronized Across Programmes
Monitored
Affordable
Responsive to Crisis and Shock
Transparent and Accountable
PATH Process for CCT
Exit Individuals
Exit Families
• Application
• Targeting
(BIS/Appeals)
• Verification
Registration
Payment
• Compliance
validation
• Disbursement
• Reconciliation
• Validation
• Verification
Recertification
Graduation Model for PATH
GRADUATION
Payment
• Application
• Targeting
(BIS/Appeals)
• Verification
Registration
• Compliance
validation
• Disbursement
• Reconciliation
• Validation
• Verification
Recertification
Continual Assessment
Recertification
Case
Management
Labour
Activation
Implementation Framework
for Graduation
Graduation
STEP 6:
Graduation
Continuous Monitoring and Evaluation
Public-Private Partnerships
Contingency for Shocks
(Continued Case Management)
STEP 5:
Beneficiary Reassessment
Assessment of Graduation Criteria
STEP 4:
Tailored Interventions
Skills Training; Job Intermediation, Employment Services;
Health Workshops; Financial Management; Counseling;
Case Management
STEP 3:Capacity Development /Institutional
Arrangements/MOU/Institutional
Strengthening
STEP 2:
STEP 2 Household Assessments and
Categorization of Beneficiaries
(Poverty Profiles)
STEP 1:
Application and Enrollment
Social Marketing
Management Information Systems
Objectives – What we hope to
achieve in the graduation strategy for
Jamaica:
– To promote seamless transitions from welfare to work
and human capital accumulation.
– Promote resilience strategies and programmes
– Enhance equity in the redistributive processes of social
protection systems
– Creating sustainable opportunities for vulnerable
households
– To provide strategic direction to implementers and policy
makers
RECERTIFICATION
Recertification as a tool for continued
assessment to Graduation
• Recertification is the reapplication of the targeting
formula used by the Beneficiary Identification System
in the determination of the proxy means score. The
objective of which is to determine the level of
adjustment of the selected households after receiving
the benefit for the stated period of time.
• In accordance with the guidelines of PATH,
recertification is done on all households that have been
registered to the programme for a period of four (4)
years. The recertification specifically targets
households that consist of children and takes the form
of a review of the score attained using the approved
Beneficiary Identification System (BIS).
Objective of Recertification
• The recertification exercise has four objectives:
– Validate households for meeting the rules of the
programme, that is, comparing and contrasting validation
data with those contained in the PATH database (these
may include date of birth, pregnancy status, number of
persons living in the households, death, etc.)
– Validate the scores attained through the proxy means test
– Compare and contrast the scores received at registration
and those attained at recertification
– Provide information for management decision regarding
the continued registration of clients in the programme.
Recertification
Recertification Groupings
Immediate exit of the
program
Entry to the stage
“Preparation for
Graduation”
Remain in the program until
a new recertification
process
CASE MANAGEMENT
Case Management Cycle
Inward
Referral
Assessment
and
Evaluation
Assessment
Treatment
and Referral
Treatment
Planning
Family
Agreement
Evaluation and Assessment against the
Social Protection Floor for Case
Management
Documentation
Employment and Skills Development
Family Life and Networks
•1.
All children have Birth Certificates
•2.
All adult members of the household have
Birth Certificate
•3.
All working age adults must have Tax
Registration Numbers
•4.
At least one member of the household
have a passport
•5.
All working age members of the
household have National Insurance Number
•6.
All members with disability must be
registered with the Jamaica Council for
Persons with Disabilities
•7.
All senior citizens registered with the
National Council for Senior Citizens
•8.
All senior citizens have a National
Health Fund/ JADEP Card
•9.
Members of the household with a
chronic illness possess a NHF card
•10. At least one member of the Family must
have a Bank Account
•11. All children under five possess MOH
immunization Passport
•12. All members of the household over the
age of 18 years should have a valid picture
Identification Card
•13.
Head of Household should be employed
for at least 30 hours per week or at minimum
wage.
•14. Each working age member must have at
least a secondary school certification (3 or
more CXCs) or level 1 HEART Trust NTA
certification or any equivalent
•15. All employed members must be making
the required NIS contributions
•16. Children of basic school age to 16yrs
should be enrolled in the formal education
system or in skills training or after school
programme
•17. Children at the Primary to high school level
should achieve minimum attendance
standards of 85%
•18. Children with disabilities should be
incorporated into the normal or special
education system
•19. Immunization of all children up-to-date
•20. All children with disability are receiving at
least one form of intervention
•21. Pregnant women make visit to health
center at least every two months
•22. All elderly family members have clinic
cards which shows at least one yearly visit
•23. Family should have a savings account with
the minimum required by an approved
financial instituion
•24. Household is free of abuse (child,
domestic etc)
•25. All children have at least two suits of
uniform and one wearable shoe for school
•26. Every child and elderly person in the
household have at least two cooked meals per
day.
•27. Housing has separation of dormitory
space for children and adults
•28. Members of the family with a medical
emergency is receiving medical treatment
STEPS TO WORK
• The Steps to Work Programme is a Labour
activation service that will contribute to the
breaking of the cycle of inter-generational
poverty in families, by empowering households
to seek and retain employment, and be income
secure. By building on the outcomes of PATH and
case management interventions, the programme
offers to households receiving welfare, another
set of opportunities to enhance their standard of
living
4
Steps to Work
3
2
Entrepreneurship
Job Readiness
Job
Skills
Development
and Training
1
Literacy
PHASE 1
PHASE 2
CASE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION
DESIGN
INTERVENTION A
INTERVENTION B
INTERVENTION C
Potential
Employer
s
Ready for Job
Parish
Office
Screening
and Intake
Ide
ntifi
cati
on
Registratio
n of Clients
Initial
Assessment
Steps to
Work
Centres
Comprehens
ive
assessment
and
Individual
Developmen
t Plan
Skills
Training
Job
readines
s
Job
Matchi
ng
Above Grade 9
Below Grade 9
Entrepreneuria
l
Remedial
Program
me
Entrepre
neurial
Enhance
Training
Business
Developm
ent
Services
Micro
Finance
Loans
Grants
Individual Development Plans (IDP)