Transcript Global Interactions

Global Interactions
Early Japan and
Feudalism
• 1. Shinto: Traditional Japanese religion.
• 2. Shogun: Top military commanders in feudal
system. Had power.
• 3. Daimyo: Vassal lords. Received land in exchange
for a promise to support the shogun with armies.
• 4. Samurai: Lesser warriors who promised loyalty
to daimyo.
• 5. Bushido: Strict code of conduct of the Samurai.
• 6. Kabuki: Theater in Japan where they wore
colorful costumes.
• 7. Haiku: Chinese influenced form of poetry.
2 effects of geography on
Japanese development.
• 1. Mountains and islands acted
as a barrier to unity.
• 2. Seas became a source of
food and transportation. Led to
a deep respect of the
environment.
China influence on
Japan:
• 1. Writing system brought over
by Koreans.
• 2. Buddhism.
• 3. Confucianism.
• 4. Tea drinking and tea
ceremonies.
Feudal Japan
• Emperor: Lost power, ruled in name.
• Shogun: Top military commanders, had
power.
• Daimyo: Received land. Promised to
support the shogun.
• Samurai: Supported the daimyo. Fought.
• Other classes: Peasants, farmed land.
• Artisans: Made weapons.
• Merchants: Lowest social class.
How and why did the
Tokugawa Shogunate seize
power?
• Created a centralized feudal
government by bringing the
warring daimyo under central
government.
How did Tokugawa feel
towards foreigners? What
did they do?
• Very hostile.
• Barred western merchants and
prohibited traveling around.
The Mongols and their
Impact
• 1. Genghis Khan: Leader of the Mongols.
• 2. Golden Horde: Mongol armies in Russia.
Named because of their tents.
• 3. Pax Mongolia: Period of stability in
Mongol Empire.
• 4. Marco Polo: Italian merchant who wrote
about Chinese beauty and riches.
• 5. Ibn Batuta: Scholar from Morocco who
traveled around the Middle East and Asia.
Why did Mongols win:
• 1. Skilled horsemen.
• 2. New military technology.
How did the Mongols
rule territories?
• They spread terror and
destruction.
• Conquered people could live as
they had as long as they paid a
tribute.
What did Mongols do to
Russia?
• Absolute rule was a model for
the Russian government.
• Cut Russia off from the West
(Isolated them).
How did Mongol rule
encourage trade between
China and the west?
• 1. They helped make the Silk
Road and the Middle East
become safe to travel on.
Why did the Mongols
lose power?
• 1. Too large to govern.
• 2. Little experience in
government.
• 3. Relied on others to do their
job.
Global Trade and
Interactions
• 1. Zheng He: Chinese explorer.
• 2. Venice: Dominant trade power.
• 3. Trade Fair: Where trade took place on
trade routes where navigable rivers met.
• 4. Hanseatic League: German towns who
monopolized trade in Baltic and North
Seas.
• 5. Bubonic Plague: Highly contagious
disease carried on by rats.
• Describe how the following led
to an increase in trade:
Crusades
• Europeans became interested in
things that the Crusaders
brought back which they
wanted.
Italian City States
• Because of their location it
became a great place to drop
off products from the East
(China) and then move them
through Europe.
Trade Fairs and the
Growth of Cities
• Trade fairs were where trade
routes met, and then people
moved their because of jobs,
leading to the growth of cities.
The Hanseatic League
• Made navigation safer which
allowed trade to take place.
Portugal and the Spice
Trade
• Portugal began the age of
exploration for Europe and the
Spice Trade was what the
Europeans were interested in.
• Describe the Impact of the
Bubonic Plague:
Political
• Monarchs gained power.
• Feudalism declined.
Social
• Strictly defined levels broke
down.
• Peasant revolts started.
Economic
• Devastated.
• Farms and industry declined.
• Disrupted trade.
The Resurgence of Europe.
Terms:
• 1. Guild: Trade association. All of the people of the
same job joined together.
• 2. Apprentice: Young person trained for a specific
job.
• 3. Capitalism: Economic system based on trade and
capital.
• 4. Commercial Revolution: Change in business.
• 5. Renaissance: Rebirth in Europe.
• 6. Humanism: Studied life in the present. Emphasis
on achievements.
• 7. 95 Theses: 95 arguments against Martin
Luther against the Catholic Church.
• 8. Protestant Reformation: When
Europeans broke away from the Catholic
Church and formed new churches.
• 9. Magna Charta: Charter that placed limits
on the King’s power in England.
• 10. Common Law: Law that is the same for
everyone.
• 11. Parliament: Representative assembly in
England.
The Commercial Revolution: Factors
that led to the Growth of Trade:
Guilds
• Made sure of good quality
products.
• Regulated hours and prices.
Capitalism
• Created supply and demand.
• Led to people investing in
businesses.
New Business Practices
• Partnerships and Joint-Stock
Companies: People sharing in
the risk.
• Credit
• Banks
• Insurance
Towns and the Middle
Class
• Towns developed as people
move to places for jobs.
• Middle Class developed as
people started working on jobs
they specialized in.
How did the Commercial
Revolution change
society?
• Led to a decline in feudalism.
What were the causes
of the Renaissance?
• Merchants in the cities had
great wealth and money and
became interested in the arts.
• Cities of Italy were thriving
centers of manufacturing.
Renaissance Artists
Michelangelo
• Painted Sistine Chapel, and
statue of David.
Leonardo da Vinci
• Painted Mona Lisa, sketches for
airplanes and submarines.
Dante
• Writer, wrote the Divine
Comedy.
Shakespeare
• Writer, Romeo and Juliet
Machiavelli
• Writer, wrote the Prince who
said rulers should do whatever
was necessary to keep their
power.
Impact of the Printing
Press
• 1. Books were made available,
cheaper and easier to make.
• 2. Literacy increased as books
became more available.
• 3. Ideas spread more rapidly as
access to knowledge increased.
Causes of the
Reformation
• 1. The Renaissance and
Humanism led people to
question Church authority.
• 2. Strong monarchs increased
there power over the Church.
• 3. Problems in the Church,
people thought its leaders were
acting more like kings than
agents of God.
Lutheranism
• People could only reach heaven
only through faith in God, not
indulgences.
Calvinism
• Could reach heaven only
through faith.
• Predestination.
Counter Reformation
• Catholic Reformation
strengthen the Catholic Church
and keep Catholics from
converting.
Effects of the
Reformation
• 1. Religious and Political Divisions: rulers
chose a religion for their nation, some
Catholic, some Protestant.
• 2. Religious Conflicts: Catholic Spain vs.
English Protestant.
• 3. Anti Semitism and Persecution of Jews.
• 4. Witch Hunts of people believed to be
agents of the devil.
Difference in governments
of France and England:
• France:
Monarchs had
control, played
rival nobles
against each
other.
• England: English
rights, people
treated equally.
African Civilizations
• Ghana: Kingdom in Africa
around 800.
• Mali: Kingdom ruled by powerful
kings from 120-1450.
• Mansa Musa: Powerful Mali ruler
who brought Islam to mali.
• Songhai: Empire in Africa from
1450 to 1600.
Describe how geography
of Africa led to diverse
civilizations
• Because of the different
landmasses like mountains,
rivers, deserts and rainforests,
it led to a great deal of difficulty
in people uniting and people
beginning to do things there
own way.
Why did the Kingdoms of
Sub-Saharan Africa
flourish?
• Because they had gold and salt
which they could use to trade.
Why was the hajj of Mansa Musa a
significant event in the history of
the world?
• He converted to Islam creating
a Muslim empire.
What impact did his hajj
have on Mali?
• He created a system of justice
based on the Koran.