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Name : 葛静霞 Tel : 65206397 E-mail : [email protected] 课程简介 教学对象 本课程是中央广播电视大学公共英语课,供各类专业 (不含英语专业)的专科学生学习。 教学目的 通过本课程的学习,学生应能掌握一定的英语语言基础知 识, 具备初步的听、说、读、写能力:能掌握1,100词左右的 常用词汇(包括入学时要求掌握的600词)和相关的常用词组; 能听懂发音清楚、语速较慢日常生活用语;能用英语进行简 单的日常交谈;能读懂所学词汇和语法范围内的故事、短文 及通知、便函等;能够用便条转达具体信息,写出简短的私 人信函。同时,本课程通过提供一些英语国家的文化背景知 识,增强学生对这些国家的了解,帮助学生提高语言的实际 应用能力。 关于教材 《开放英语1》共18个学习单元(Unit),每单元分为3个 部分(Session),每个部分由若干活动(Activity)组成,但 其中6、12、18单元为复习与自测单元,结构上略有不同。主 教材内容以日常生活为主,每单元包括学习目标、学习活动 (activity)、语言要点(language focus)、文化点滴(cultural note)、 导学帮助、学习技巧(study tip)、学习小结(review reminder)、 词汇学习(vocabulary)、录音文本(extract)、练习答案(key)、 复习自测(review and assessment)等内容”。 功能 语言 介绍自己 I am… My name is… / My name’s… I’m from… I live….. 询问他人情况 What is / What’s your/his name? What’s your/ his job? Are you from…? Is he/ she from…? Is Mary’s father American? Are you British? 表达喜好 I like reading. She likes swimming. 介绍旅行安排 The plane arrives at 18.25. The flight number is CA5207. 语 法 不定冠词(a, an)的用法 To be动词(am, is, are)的用法 人称代词(I, you, he, she, they, we, it, me, us, him, her, them) 形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, their, our, its) 行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则: 名词的复数 自我介绍: My name is …/ I am… / I ’m from…/ I live…. I am Mary White. I am 15 years old. I‘m a student. I live in London. Hello! My name is Lin Xiaoyan. I am Chinese. I live in Shanghai. I am an Information Technology Manager. I work for the ABHK Bank. 介绍他人: Her name is Lucy. She is 20 years old. She is an accountant. She lives in New York. He is Franco Rossi. He is 50 years old. He is a restaurant owner and he works at the Caffè Roma. He lives in London. His parents are from Italy, but he is British. 不定冠词:a,an 不定冠词用在单数的可数名词之前。 要注意 a 用在以辅音音素开头的词之前(非辅音字 母), 而 an 用在以元音音素(非元音字母 a,e,i,o,u)开头的词之前。 a teacher,a policeman,an engineer, an apple a university,an hour,an honest man. [ .ju:ni'və:siti ] Exercise: a, an a 1. I am___student at Beijing University. an information technology manager. 2. You are ___ 3. She is ______ officer and they’re ___civil an / servants. 4. She is ___ a nurse and her husband is ___doctor. a 5. I am _____ an editor and peter is ____teacher. a 6. He is _____ an honest man. Be动词的用法 I You am not are not =aren’t a student. He is not = isn’t She We You They are not = aren’t students. Be 动词的否定式: be + not 与work 连用的介词 work for(强调雇佣关系),work at (地点), work in(与at相比,所指范围相对要广些), work with (和…一起工作) I work at Lucky Shops in London。 我在伦敦幸运商店工作。 I work for Caffè Roma in London. 我在伦敦的罗马酒家工作。 I work in China. 我在中国工作。 I work with Polly 我和波莉在一起工作. 人称代词(Personal pronoun) 形容词性物主代词(possessive adjective) 人称代词:(Personal pronoun) 数 人 单数 格 复数 称 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you they them 第三人称 he,she, it him,her,it 人称代词 • 主格一般做主语: Eg: I am a doctor. You are right. He/She is from America. It is a good film. • We are doctors. You are right. They are from America. They are good films. 宾格常做动词或介词的宾语: Eg: His parents love him / her very much. Their parents love them very much. The little girl looked at me happily. The little girl looked at us happily. 形容词性物主代词(possessive adjective) 数 人 单数 复数 称 第一人称 my our 第二人称 your your 第三人称 his,her, its their 形容词性物主代词表示所属关系,它只能作 定语,后面必须跟有名词。 如: His car is red. (his 后跟有名词car , 作定语) My name is Lin Xiaoyan. (my后面跟名词 name,作定语) . 在名词后面加-’s表示所属关 系 Mary’s parents are from Italy. The manager’s home is in London 行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则: 1、一般动词,在词尾加 s ; 如: work--works, live--lives, play--plays, sing--sings. eg: She lives in Ningbo. 2、以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词,词尾加 -es ,只加-s. 读作 /iz /如: teach--- teaches, miss--- misses, finish--- finishes. lose--- loses. eg: My grandfather watches TV every evening. 3、以辅音字母-y 结尾的词,把 -y 变成 -i ,再加 –es, 如: study--- studies, fly--- flies, Betty studies hard. 4、以辅音字母加 –o 结尾的词,一般情况是在词尾加 -es , 如: go---goes do--- does. He goes to school by bus. 名词的复数 名词的复数 1)一般在词尾加“s”,例如: desk--desks(书桌) day--days(天) 以字母ch结 尾的名词, 如ch发[k]音, 则加s, 如: stomach— stomachs(胃 ). 2)以字母s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词,通常在词尾 加“es”,例如: bus--buses(公共汽车) box--boxes(盒子) wish--wishes(愿望) watch--watches(手表) 3)以字母o结尾的名词变复数,一般情况下在词尾加s, 也有加es的,如: zoos radios pianos photos。 但是tomato, potato则加es. 名词的复数 4)以f 或fe 结尾的名词,一般要变f 或fe为v,再加 es,例如: knife--knives(小刀) thief--thieves(贼) leaf--leaves(树叶) half--halves(半) 5)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,构成复数时变y为i, 再加 es,例: baby--babies(婴儿) fly--flies(苍蝇) army--armies(军队) city--cities(城市) 以y 结尾的可数名词,如果 y前面是元音字母,构成复 数时直接加s。如boys(男 孩),keys(钥匙), days(天,日)。 不规则变化的名词复数 单复数形式相同的词: sheep--sheep,deer----deer fish--fish Chinese--Chinese,Japanese—Japanese, .特殊变化的单词有: (1) tooth--teeth,foot—feet, goose--geese (2) man--men,woman--women, policeman-- policemen, Frenchman--Frenchmen German(德国人)--Germans (请区别) (3) child—children, mouse--mice(老鼠) 单复数的特殊形式 有些名词通常只是复数形式,要表示数量时须加pair (一对,一副)、suit(一套)等量词,例如: trousers jeans shorts glasses scissors a pair of trousers(一条裤子),a pair of glasses(一 副眼镜) 询问他人情况: What is your name? How old are you? Where are you from? What’s his name? What’s her job? How old is he? Are they from America? Is he a teacher? My name is Wang Lin. I am 30 years old. I ’m from Ningbo. His name’s Polly Williams. She is an Information Technology Manager. He is 40 years old. Yes, they’re. Yes, he is. 一般疑问句(general question) 用 yes 或 no 来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。 一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。 Be 动词: 将 be提到主语前 They We are students. Yes ,they / we are. Are they you students? No, they/ we aren’t. 13 He She is a doctor. Yes, he/she is. I am a teacher. Yes, I am. Is he a doctor? she No, he/she isn’t. Are you a teacher? No, I’m not. 特殊疑问句(Special Question) 疑问词: 1、疑问代词: who, (作主语和表语) whom,(作宾语): 谁 whose, (作主语、表语、宾语和定语): 谁的 which(主、表、宾、定):哪一个 what(主、表、宾、定) ….: 什么 2、疑问副词: when,(何时) where(何地), why(为什么?), how(如何), how much, how many多少; how long, 多长;how far,多远; how big多大; how old,多大年纪; 疑问句的结构: 1、疑问词+ be动词+主语: •I’m from Zhejiang, China. Where are you from? • I am a nurse. What is your job? • Jack is 25 years old. How old is Jack? 2. 与陈述句的语序同: (提问主语) A cake is in the box. What is in the box? Make questions and answer them: 1. A: American / you? Are you American? _______________________________ I’m not. B: No, _________________________ 2. A: manager/ you? Are you a manager? _______________________________ I am. B:Yes,_________________________ 3. A: accountant / she? Is she an accountant? _______________________________ she isn’t. B: No, _________________________ 4. A: worker / he? Is he a worker? _______________________________ B: No, _________________________ he isn’t. 5. A: student / she/ at London University? Is she a student at London University? _______________________________ she is. B: Yes, ________________________ Make questions: What’s your name? 1.A:_____________________ B: My name is Lin Xiaoyan. How old are you? 2.A:_____________________ B: I am 35 years old. What’s your job? 3.A:_____________________ B: I am a baker. Where are you from? 4.A:_____________________ B: I am from China. 5.A:_____________________ Who is he? B: He is my brother. 表示休闲活动的词汇 bungee jumping蹦级跳, playing football踢足球, walking, playing studying Chinese, dancing, swimming, the piano弹钢琴, gardening园艺, watching playing TV, cooking烹饪, reading, computer games玩电脑游戏 play football; play the piano 球类前不加the; 乐器类前加the。 e.g. I like playing basketball. He likes playing the violin. like + doing 喜欢做某事 e.g. I like swimming. He likes reading They like watching TV. The end Thank you