Transcript Rhetoric - Edublogs

Learning Goal:
Students will be able to define and
find examples of ethos, pathos and
logos and comment on their effect
on an audience
Rhetoric
the art of using language to
persuade
Aristotle
Aristotle
Three
modes of
persuasion.
1. Ethos
2. Pathos
3. Logos
1. Ethos
someone’s character, credibility, or
identity
How you establish Ethos
-Applying to NHS, colleges
- Defend yourself to a teacher
- The way you dress, present, identify
yourself
A writer/speaker is establishing their
Ethos when they…
- list their credentials
- talk about their experiences
- talk about their behavior
Two types of Ethoswe’ll call them explicit and implicit
* Explicit= Ethos that the writer
or speaker verbally tells you of.
* Implicit= Ethos that the writer or
speaker does not directly talk about.
Writers/Speakers can also appeal to the ethos
of their audience…
…they can appeal to their sense of identity
“Americans do not tolerate injustice”
“Don’t be the type of person who allows
this to happen…”
….they can assert a shared ethos
“We’re all in this together as Americans”
Let’s look for examples of Ethos in
I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
A Bit of Background Info:
…Martin Luther King delivers this speech in
Memphis, Tennessee, the day before he was
assassinated.
Let’s look for examples of Ethos in
I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines
in which King establishes his ethos or
appeals to his audience’s ethos
Let’s look for examples of Ethos in
I’ve Been to the Mountain Top
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines
in which King establishes his ethos or
appeals to his audience’s ethos
This is important: write what effect the lines
have on King’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to define and
find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and comment
on their effect on an audience
2. Pathos
appealing to emotions
How you’re familiar with Pathos
-Depict consequences
“Fine, don’t let me go out. I’m just going to miss
out on the best years of my life.”
- Puppy-Dog face
- Guilt
A writer/speaker is drawing on pathos
when they…
-paint an emotionally charged image
-use ‘emotive’ words
- imply that you should feel a certain way
How does the word Pathos relate to the word
pathetic?
How does the word Pathos relate to the word
pathetic?
Something that is ‘pathetic’ in the specific
sense, is sad, it stirs pity…
More generally, the word ‘pathetic’, as in a
‘pathetic appeal’ means to appeal to emotionsbe they sad, happy, angry, etc.
Therefore, while this is ‘pathetic’ in the sad sense:
…This could be is ‘pathetic’ in the sense that it
draws on your happier emotions:
[Get ready for it]
…This could be is ‘pathetic’ in the sense that it
draws on your happier emotions:
[Get ready for it]
Again, the word ‘pathetic’, as in a ‘pathetic
appeal’ means an appeal to one’s emotionssadness, pity, anger, joy, any emotion
Let’s look for pathos in FDR’s
Declaration of War
For some background information:
FDR made this speech after the bombing of
Pearl Harbor in 1941. It announced America’s
entrance into World War II.
Let’s listen first:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ufoUtoQLGQ
Y
Let’s look for pathos in FDR’s
Declaration of War
Let’s go back and highlight (or underline) lines in
which Roosevelt appeals to his audience’s emotions
This is important: write what effect the lines have on
Roosevelt’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to
define and find examples of ethos, pathos and
logos and comment on their effect on an
audience
3. Logos
appealing to logic
How you’re familiar with Logos
-Inquiring “how come?” “why?” (You’re
prying into the logic of your counter
argument)
- If… then… statements are attempts to
make a logical argument
-If you’ve ever used statistics in your
writing
-Using concessions
-Even using anecdotes to back up your
points
A writer/speaker is drawing on logos, or
logic, when they…
-use examples of past experiences
- use numbers or statistics
- cite authoritative research
Let’s look for logos in ‘A Time for Choosing’
As we read, let’s highlight (or underline) lines in which
the speaker, Ronald Reagan, uses logic to persuade his
audience
This is important: write what effect the lines have on the
author’s audience.
Remember our goal: Students will be able to define
and find examples of ethos, pathos and logos and
comment on their effect on an audience
Let’s look for logos in ‘A Time for Choosing’
For some background information:
Ronald Reagan is giving this speech to
endorse 1964 Republican Presidential
Nominee Barry Goldwater. Reagan had been
a Democrat for most of his life, but in this
speech he outlines his reasons for voting
Republican- namely the desire to see taxes
lowered
Now Let’s take a minute to review our exit slip
and mark our scales