Transcript Pork, the other white meat

Pork, the other white
meat
Chapter #8
What are the types of Hogs?
Primary Lean Cuts = hams, loins, picnics,
Boston Butts
 Meat Type Hog: more than half the weight of
a Number 1 animal is Primary Lean Cuts
 Bacon Type Hog: less than 1/2 is PLC
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– large litter size
– little value in U.S. except to increase litter size
Hog Selection
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Feed Conversion Rate: pounds of feed
needed to make a pound of hog
– no more than 4 lbs of feed per 1 lb of hog
Minimum Litter Size = 9
 First Litter should have a combined pig wt
at 21 days of 95 lbs or more
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– 110 lbs for a mature sow
Hog Management Programs

All-in-one: all pigs are at the same stage of
development
– buy feeder pigs, finish, market, repeat
– no breeding stock
– income all at once
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Staggered or Continuous Flow: costantly
raise pigs of all ages
– farrow all year long
– constant supply of income
Feeding Hogs
Need more protein & vitamins than ruminants
 lots of water - succeptable to heat stress
 Feeders need lots of protein
 Finishing needs lots of energy
 Crude Protein = total protein in feed, not all is
used by the animal
 Digestible Protein = amount of protein that the
animal can actually use
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Feeding Hogs
Antibiotics often added to feed to prevent
disease, grow faster
 Full Feeding: animals get all the feed that
they want (self feeder)

– usually not done with breeding stock, if sows
are too fat, they won’t get pregnant
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Hand Feeding: animals are fed rations at
chore time
Hog Management
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Sanitation is critical
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facilities should be easy to clean - concrete
inspect new pigs
clean pens whenever pigs are moved
isolate new pigs for 3 weeks
Cholera can wipe out an entire herd
 Chester White needs sun protection
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– sunburn
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Pens = maximum of 30 pigs / pen
Breeding

Flush sows before breeding
– increasing level of nutrition
4 days before farrowing, put sows in
farrowing crate (disinfect pen & sow)
 Heat lamp on babies
 Exercise sow daily
 3 Days old - clip needle teeth
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Breeding
10 days old - begin creep feeding (feed for
the babies only)
 1 month - vaccinate & castrate males
 2 monthes (30 lbs) - wean
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Livestock Terms
What do you call a mature male hog?
Boar
 What do you call a mature female hog?
Sow
 What do you call the act of giving birth?
Farrowing
 What do you call a castrated male hog?
Barrow
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Livestock Terms
What do you call an young female hog?
Gilt
 What is the gestation for hogs?
114 days or 3 months, 3 weeks, & 3 days
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Berkshire
Chester White
Duroc
Hampshire
Landrace
Poland China
Spots