History of the Filipino People
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Transcript History of the Filipino People
History of the
Filipino
People
Pre-Colonial Culture
(Chapter 4)
Languages
System of Writing
more than hundred languages and dialects
8 major languages (TIPPSHSM)
before Spaniards arrival probably Sanskrit or Arabic
provenance
Literature
Classification:
1.
2.
Floating or oral
written
Music and Dance
Filipinos are born musicians
Art
Artistic sense of the primitive inhabitants can be seen
in their tools and weapons
The
Spanish
Period
Under Imperial Spain
(Chapter 5)
East Meets West (3Gs)
Search for spices (pccng)
Inclusion of Asian trade to that Europe
The
Lusitanian-Hispanic Rivalry in Maritime
Discoveries
The Magellan Expedition
Reached the Philippines on March 17, 1521
Discovery of the Philippines
Maluku
and the Philippines
Treaty of Zaragoza
King Charles V ceded right to Maluku to John III of
Portugal
Villalobos
Expedition
Legazpi-Urdaneta Expedition
Most important mission: discovery of the Urdaneta
Passage
The making of the Spanish “Indio”
Sword and cross molded natives in the Hispanic
image ( each friar 1 captain and an army)
Political Institutions
Philippines was a captaincy-general administered by
the Spanish king
The Residencia and the Visita
To check abuse of power of royal officials
The Filipino Bureaucrats
“gobernadorcillo” highest position a Filipino could
attain during Spanish regime
The
Amalgamation of Church & State
-church meddling/press censorship
Institutional Impact of Spanish
Rule
(Chapter 6)
Economic
Institutions: “Taxation Without
Representation” (direct and indirect)
Polo y Servicio Personal or Prestacion
Personal “pulong” (community labor)
Encomiendas: Royal(reserved to the
crown and Private (individuals, protégés)
-grant from royal crown to exercise control;
not a land grant
The
Manila Acapulco Galleon Trade
(1565-1815)- 2 vessels 200 days
Royal Economic Society of Friends of the
Country – leading men in business,
industry profession exploit natural bounties
Royal Philippine Company – uniting
american and asian commerce; devoted
exclusive preference to cotton
production and weaving, cultivation of
bp, silk, indigo and sugar
Infrastructure,
Telecommunications, and
Public Utilities Development (Quezon
Bridge – 1st suspension bridge in Far East
designed by Gustave Eiffel)
Telephone – 1890 170 clients
Educational Transformation – spare the
rod, spoil the child 1611, 1645 Letran 1620
Social Transformation – hispanic names
Cultural
Transformation
Filipinos Not Totally Hispanized – 300 years
spanish domination
From Indio to “Filipino”
(Chapter 7)
Personal
Motives – revolts led by fomer
datus maharlikas babaylans who lost
prestige
Religious Motives- Spain’s policy of 3Gs
Resistance to Spanish-imposed Institutions
- Taxation, forced labor, galleon trade,
monopolies
Peasant Unrest
The
Moro Resistance – Moro Wars 1718 to
1762; 1850’s to 1878 “jurementados’
Failure of the Revolts – Iinsular make up,
no lingua franca
Filipino Nationalism: Decelerators
Filipino Nationalism: Accelerators
The Philippines in World Commerce
Rise
of the Clase Media
European Liberalism and Carlos Maria de
la Torre
Racial Discrimmination
Regular Secular Conflicts
La Algarada Cavitena
Reform
and
Revolution
The Campaign for Reforms
(Chapter 8)
The Role of the Middle Class
Unjust execution of gomburza as turning point
The Nature of the Reform Movement- abuses
of spanish authorities civil and clerical
The Great Reformists – Graciano Lopez Jaena,
Jose Rizal MH del Pilar Antonio Luna, Mariano
Ponce, etc.
La Solidaridad – 1889 Barcelona; exposition
of conditions, defense of Phils from malicious
and slanderous attacks of hired writers of friars
The Hispano-Filipino Association
The Role of Masonry
La Liga Filipina July 3, 1892; to unite, mutual
protection, defense against violence &
injustice, instruction agri and commerce,
study/application of reforms
The Failure of the Reform Movement (1) no
tangible result of La solidaridad (2) societies
no sufficient means to carry out aims (3)
propagandists divided by jealousies
Bonifacio and the Katipunan
(Chapter 9)
The Founding of the Katipunan- July 7, 1892
(KKK) blood compact
The Katipunan Objectives – political
(separation of Phils from Spain, moral
(teaching of good manners, hygiene, good
morals etc) and civic (self-help, defense of
the poor and oppressed)
The Structure of the Katipunan (Masonry and
Lal Liga Filipina)
Kinds of Membership
The
Katipunan Codes
The Flags of the Katipunan
Celebrations
Andres Bonifacio
Emilio Jacinto
The
Teachings of the Katipunan – Kartilla
(13 teachings) primer for grade schoolers
The Women’s Chapter of the Katipunan
The Katipunan Newspaper- Kalayaan
The Expansion of the Katipunan
The Revolution: First Phase
(Chapter 10)
Rizal
and the Revolution
Preparations for the Struggle
Spanish Suspicion Aroused
The Discovery of the Katipunan
Wealthy
Filipinos Implicated
The “Cry” of Pugadlawin
First Skirmishes
The Revolution Spreads
The Reign of Terror
The
Katipunan in Cavite
Bonifacio in Cavite
The Tejeros Convention
The Second Meeting at Tejeros
The Naik Military Agreement
The
Trial and Execution of Bonifacio
The Revolution Continues
The Government of Central Luzon
The Biyak na Bato Republic
The Truce of Biak na Bato
The failure of the Truce
The Revolution: Second Phase
(Chapter 11)
The
Relief on Primo de Rivera
American Designs on the Philippines
The Spanish-American War
The Battle of Manila Bay
Aguinaldo in Singapore
Aguinaldo
and Consul Wildman
Aguinaldo and the Hong Kong Junta
Aguinaldo Returns
Renewal of the Struggle
Spanish Attempts to Win Over Filipinos
The
Siege of Manila
The Spanish-American Secret Agreement
Beginning of the Filipino-American Rift
The Mock Battle of Manila
Terms
of Capitulation
The Protocol of Peace
The Malolos Republic
(Chapter 12)
The
Dictatorial Government
Treatment of Enemy
Declaration of Independence
Apolinario Mabini
Re-organization
of Local Government
Administration of Justice
The Revolutionary Government
The Malolos Congress
The Malolos Constitution
The
Constitution
The Philippines Republic
Revolutionary Periodicals
Education
Diplomatic Activities
The Treaty of Paris
The Filipino-American Hostilities
(Chapter 13)
American
Apostasy
McKinley’s “Benevolent Assimilation”
Proclamation
Filipino Reaction
Attempts to Relax Tension
The
San Juan Bridge Incident
Investigation of the Incident
American Victories
The Drive to the North
The Fall of Mabini
Assassination
of Luna
American Conquest of the Visayas
The Negros Constitution
The Bates Treaty
Aguinaldo Flees to the Mountains
The
Battle of Pasong Tirad
The Capture of Aguinaldo
Barbarous Acts
End of the Resistance
The Religious Schism
(Chapter 14)
Gregorio
Aglipay on the Scene
Nozaleda Against Aglipay
Mabini and the National Church
The Filipino National Church
Chapelle
and Filipinization
The Schism
First Converts
Aglipay and the Jesuits
Aglipay’s Consecration as Bishop
Significance