Transcript Peacebuilding and Human Security in Japan’s Official

The Responsibility to Protect at 10:
Progress, Challenges and Opportunities in the Asia Pacific
in the context of Japan’s Assistance to the
Southeast Asia
Sachiko Ishikawa
Senior Advisor, Japan International Cooperation Agency
26 February 2015
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
1. Introduction
1.
Although there are clear distinctions between R2P and human
security in the UN context, recent developments of R2P provide
room to accommodate the actions of human security on the
ground.
2.
Aside from Japan’s political advocacy, there are some empirical
evidences of Pillar II collaboration in the field.
3.
Recent cabinet decision on Japan’s Development Cooperation
Charter widens the range of development cooperation to include
human rights and humanitarian assistance. This enables her
development assistance (which is based on human security) to
more tangibly contribute to Pillar II.
4.
In the context of ASEAN, Japan’s new “Development Cooperation”
is eligible to collaborate with ASEAN institutions such as AIPR and
AICHR, aside from bilateral cooperation with the Member States.
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1994 UNDP Human Development Report
1994 Rwanda
1998-9 Kosovo
1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis
1999 UN Trust Fund for HS($426 M)
1999 Human Security Network
2000 Millennium Summit (MDGs)
2000 CISS
2001-2 Commission on HS
2003 “Human Security Now”
2005 A/RES/60/1(World Summit)
2006 Friends of Human Security
2010 A/64 /701
2012 A/66/ 763
(Common understanding & priority)
2005 A/RES/60/1(World Summit)
2009 A/63/677 (three pillars)
2009 A/RES/63/308
2010 A/64/864
Narrow
but
2011 A/65/877 –S2011/393
Deep
(global-regional)
2012 A/66/847-S/2012/578
(timely and decisive)
2012 A/RES/66/290
(Common understanding on HS)
2013 A/168/685
(A life of dignity for all)
No force
Respect state sovereignty
2001 Report “The R2P”
Collabora
-tion ?
2013 A/67/929-S/2013/339
(state responsibility & prevention)
2014 A/68/947-S/2014/449
(international assistance)
3.
1. Assisting States to protect their populations
Japan’s participation in International Monitoring Team
(IMT) in Mindanao
✔Sovereignty equality
✔Collective responsibility
✔Common principles of assistance
✔Partnerships
2. Dealing with past atrocities
Technical Assistance to Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum on
museum management
Technical assistance to Timor Leste’s Truth &
Reconciliation Commission, etc
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5
International
Contact Group
(ICG) – UK, Japan,
Turkey, KSA,
TAF, CHD, CR, OIC and
Muhammadiyah
PEACE NEGOTIATIONS FRAMEWORK
GPH Panel
Malaysian
Facilitator
MILF Panel
CEASEFIRE IMPLEMENTATION
GPH-MILF
- Joint:AHJAG
1 Core &
GPH-MILF
CCCH
- 7 reps each from
5 teams
- Coordinates
interdiction &
isolation of
criminal elements
in MILF
communities
- operates on basis
of shared per team
information/data
GPH & MILF
- Coordinates
ceasefire
implementation
LMT
- 13 teams; 5 members
- Operating in 13
provinces
- Fact-finding/inquiry
work, local ceasefire
monitoring
Donors & Aid
Agencies
IMT
Observes/Monitors
implementation of
ceasefire
Security (Sub-Comp)
Malaysia, Brunei, Norway,
Indonesia
Humanitarian, Rehab, Dev’t
(Sub-Comp) - EU
Socio-Econ (Sub-Comp)
Japan
Civilian Prot. Comp.
NPP,MPC,MOGOP, MINHRAC
REHABILITATION/
DEVELOPMENT
BDA
GPH
INSTITUTIONS
Line Agencies,
ARMM, LGU,
etc.
-Bangsamoro Dev’t Agency (BDA) –
created to determine, lead, manage
rehab/dev’t projects in conflictaffected areas.
* IMT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
HOM
MALAYSIA
Deputy HOM
SECRETARIAT(4)
SECURITY
COMPONENT
MALAYSIA (12)
BRUNEI (15)
NORWAY (1) *-1
INDONESIA (14)
TEAM SITE 1
COTABATO CITY
HUMANITARIAN
REHAB & DEV’T
COMPONENT
EU (1) *-1
MALAYSIA (1)
INDONESIA (1)
TEAM SITE 2
ILIGAN CITY
TEAM SITE 3
ZAMBOANGA
CITY
SOCIOECONOMIC
ASSISTANCE
COMPONENT
CIVILIAN
PROTECTION
COMPONENT
JAPAN (2)
MALAYSIA (2)
MPC, NP,
MOGOP,
MINHRAC
TEAM SITE 4
GENSAN CITY
TEAM SITE 5
DAVAO CITY
*
TEAM SITE 2
(Iligan City)
Lanao del Norte & Lanao del Sur
TEAM SITE 5
(Davao City)
Davao del Norte, Davao Oriental,
& Compostela Valley
HQ
CPC
HRD
SEA
TEAM SITE 4
(Cotabato City)
(Gen. Santos City)
Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato,
Sarangani & Davao del Sur
TEAM SITE 3
(Zamboanga City)
Zambo Peninsula, Basilan, Sulu
Tawi-Tawi & Palawan
TEAM SITE 1
(Cotabato City)
Maguindanao, North
Cotabato & Bukidnon
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4. Japan’s Development Cooperation Charter
Cabinet decision on the Development Cooperation Charter on
10 February 2015
1.
“Development” is used in a broader sense: its also encompasses
peacebuilding and governance, promotion of basic human rights
and humanitarian assistance.
2.
Basic policies of the Charter are “non-military basis”, “human
security” and “self-help”
3.
Coordination with international peace cooperation activities is
emphasized
4.
Proactive collaboration with international organizations in
humanitarian assistance, peacebuilding, governance and global
issues.
5.
ASEAN is one of the priority areas for Japan’s development
cooperation. Aside from “ASEAN Connectivity” and “IAI”, Japan
will promote cooperation with ASEAN as a regional organization
to support united efforts to tackle its challenges
✔Cooperation with AIPR and AICHR is possible
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5. Conclusion
1.
There is a big potential for States promoting “human Security” to
extend effective collaboration under Pillar II of R2P. We might
need a clear narrative in terms of this new development .
2.
As for Japan, collaboration under Pillar II is already taking place
in real life situations. Aside from this, Development Cooperation
Charter has widened the scope of “development” and
reconfirmed the enhancement of PKO cooperation as well as
collaboration with international organizations in humanitarian
assistance, peacebuilding, governance and global issues. This is a
clear sign of Japan’s contribution to Pillar II.
3.
Japan’s continuous collaboration with ASEAN could enter a new
phase by working with ASEAN institutions such as AIPR and AICHR.
This could also be considered her contribution to capacitybuilding in the context of Pillar II.
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