Transcript Global Overview: Women, Peace & Security Resolutions

Women, Peace & Security:
Education in National Action Plans - realizing commitments
under UN SCR 1325, 1820, 1888, 1889, 1960
Gerald Gunther
Gender & Mediation Specialist
UN Women, Kyrgyz Republic
UNESCO Forum, Bishkek June 2012
First UN SCR to link women in conflict to maintenance of international
peace and security. Increase role and number of women in conflict
prevention, peace-building and reconstruction of a just society.
SCR 1820 | 19 June 2008
Recognizes conflict-related sexual violence as a tactic of warfare. Its
avoidance identified as a critical component of the maintenance of
international peace and security. Requires a peacekeeping, justice,
and peace negotiation response
SCR 1888 | 30 September 2009
Strengthens tools for implementing 1820 through assigning leadership,
building judicial response expertise, and reporting mechanisms
SCR 1889 | 5 October 2009
Addresses women’s exclusion from early recovery and peace-building
and lack of adequate planning and funding for their needs.
SCR 1960 |16 December 2010
Provides an accountability system for addressing conflict-related SV
Women, Peace & Security Resolutions
SCR 1325 | 31 October 2000
Accelerating implementation of SCR 1325
 Address women’s participation in all aspects of peace making,
peace keeping and peace building
 Establish minimum targets for post-conflict spending on women’s
rights and needs
 Promote women at the frontline of service delivery to speed
recovery
 Improved monitoring and accountability
 Enhanced planning and implementation coherence:
 National Action Plans - for all UN member states regardless of
in-country conflict situation
 UN system coordination
Global indicators for SCR 1325
“
Resolution 1325 reaffirms the important role of women in the
prevention of conflicts and in peace-building, and stresses the
importance of their equal participation and full involvement in all
efforts for the maintenance and promotion of peace and security,
and the need to increase their role in decision-making with regard
to conflict prevention and resolution
.
”
National Action Plans: purpose and content
 National Action Plans (NAP) provide a framework for
prioritizing women, peace & security issues and
implementing resolution 1325, 1820, 1888, 1889, 1960
 NAP are implementation plans. They should include
goals, priorities, budgeting, reporting & monitoring –
and clear timelines. The UN system must assist.
 Four key principles (or pillars) are usually considered:
 Participation & representation of women in all
aspects of peace-building & security
 Protection of women as a group with specific
needs and concerns
 Prevention of sexual and other violence and
prevention of conflict
 Reconstruction – building back better and fairer
 Cross-cutting issues: Promotion/Advocacy;
Budgeting; Coordination; Monitoring
Implementation of SCR 1325: 2005-2012
Adopted APs
Australia
Rwanda
Austria
Senegal
Belgium
Serbia
BiH
Sierra Leone
Burundi
Slovenia
Canada
Spain
Chile
Sweden
Cote D’Ivoire Switzerland
Croatia
Uganda
DRC
UK
Denmark
USA
Estonia
Finland
France
Georgia
Guinea
Guinea Bissau
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Liberia
Netherlands No conflict
Nepal
Recent conflict
Norway
Current conflict
Philippines
Portugal
Statement by Kyrgyz Republic to UNSC,
28 October 2011:
‘Following the inter-ethnic conflict in
southern Kyrgyzstan in 2010, special
importance was given to supporting
female initiatives in the are of conflict
resolution, peace building and postconfIict reconstruction … women activists
joined together to form
women’s
peacekeeping networks in order to put an
end to conflict and violence and to
prevent a recurrence of the tragic events
… Today, the women’s peace-keeping
network includes 20 local women’s peace
committees and serves as the link
between local communities and the
central Government’
Implementation of SCR 1325: 2005-2012
Statement by Kyrgyz Republic to UNSC, 28 Oct. 2011 cont.:
‘Kyrgyzstan believes that the key role in coordinating agreed
measures on women’s participation in conflict prevention and
peace-building efforts should be played by UN Women.’
‘In the future Kyrgyzstan intends to increase the number of
women serving in the military and police contingents of United
Nations peacekeeping operations.’
‘Preventive actions in post-conflict countries, including
comprehensive reform of judicial and law enforcement systems
are important as the only way to ensure the rule of law and
better protection of the rights of women.’
‘The national strategy on achieving gender equality in the
Kyrgyz Republic … will stipulate further measures for
strengthening the role of women in the area of peace and
security, including in the implementation of resolution 1325
(2000).’
Constraints to a larger role of women making decisions and
engaging in post-conflict reconstructing of Kyrgyzstan society
•
Women have little involvement in traditional systems of
conflict mitigation (council of aksakals, aksakal court)
•
Since demise of USSR, fewer opportunities for women to
pursue career, or obtaining education leading to career
•
Mass male labour emigration did not positively shift roles
between women and men; many women emigrate too
•
Increased ethnic nationalism and return to misunderstood
‘traditions’ (bride-napping, early marriage)
How to overcome these constraints?
•
Provide gender-training to students and state officials
•
As part of education reform focus on participatory learning
techniques rather than rote learning to empower students
(and teachers)
•
Recruit based on merit but ensure that key concerns of
women are taken into account at work place (child-care,
personal security) and that gender-stereotypes are
confronted (women in the police, engineers, etc.
Education and Women, Peace & Security - Next Steps for Kyrgyzstan
- UNCT to engage Government on recognizing that need for
peace-building continues and that women should take lead (with
all government partners)
- Training of justice and security sector actors with a focus on
prevention, reporting and prosecuting SGBV crimes (MoJ, MoI)
- Training of civil servants (statisticians, mediators, etc.) to enhance
understanding of gender-responsive peace-building and to retain
and increase share of women staff
- Training of media personnel on gender-sensitive reporting in
peace and security to cement advocacy on the role of women
- Gender & conflict-mitigation training for security forces (MoI, MoD)
- Additional training for Kyrgyzstan peacekeeping contingents prior
to deployment (Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Defence)
- Introduction of engendered conflict-prevention, nation-building
and peace-building curriculum into secondary schools (with MoE)
Introduction of engendered conflict-prevention, nation-building
and peace-building curriculum into secondary schools
‘Education for non-violence and peace includes training, skills and
information directed towards cultivating a culture of peace based
on human rights principles. This education not only provides
knowledge about a culture of peace, but also imparts the skills and
attitudes necessary to defuse and recognize potential conflicts,
and those needed to actively promote and establish peace and
non-violence’ (UNESCO, 2008)
Activities that could be supported by UN system (UN Women, etc.):
- Support to Ministry of Education to develop a curriculum (standalone new subject or to strengthen existing subjects taught)
- Development of textbooks also using material produced by
earlier initiatives (UNHCR, IFES, GIZ) for approval by the authorities
- Teacher training on the new curriculum/textbooks
- Introduction into secondary schools (9th and 10th grade)
- Timeframe 2012-2014
Let her be well
educated to be able
to help build a
peaceful and
prosperous
Kyrgyzstan!
for non-violence i
Thank you