Transcript Document

Thursday- Science
Question of the Day
0607.INQ.1
Design a simple
experimental
procedure
with an identified
control and
appropriate
variables.
A student wants to determine if different
colored boxes produce the same
temperature as a white
box. The student places white, blue, and
red boxes of the same size in the
sunlight. A thermometer is
placed inside each box. The student
observes and records the temperatures
in the boxes throughout
the day.
Which is the dependent variable in
this investigation?
F. size of the boxes
G. repeated trials
H. color of the boxes
J. recorded temperatures
th
6
Grade Science TCAP:
Reviewing the Scientific Method!
(reach back … this is from the beginning of the year!)
Today’s Agenda:
• Writing down the Question of the Day (5 minutes)
• Going over the Question of the Day (5 minutes)
• Reviewing the components of a good scientific
investigation (10 minutes)
• Looking at Examples as a Team (10 minutes)
• (15 minutes)
Going over the Question of the Day
A student wants to determine if
different colored boxes produce the
same temperature as a white
box. The student places white,
blue, and red boxes of the same
size in the sunlight. A thermometer
is placed inside each box. The
student observes and records the
temperatures in the boxes
throughout the day.
Which is the dependent
variable in this investigation?
F. size of the boxes
G. repeated trials
H. color of the boxes
J. recorded temperatures
Testing Tips:
• When reading about a scientific
experiment, read through the
description of the experiment first.
• Then read through the question –
what component of a scientific
investigation is the question
asking you to identify?
• In this question, we are being asked
to identify the dependent variable.
• Remember, the dependent variable
depends on what I do.
• What you are doing in this
experiment is placing different
colored boxes outside.
• What depends on the color of the
box is the temperature inside!
Reviewing the components of a
good scientific investigation
(10 minutes)
Scientists have to take the time to think
logically when they are investigating a
question or problem.
• They break
things down into
many steps that
make sense.
7 Steps to the Scientific Method
• Most people agree that there are 5
to 8 main steps of the scientific
method
• In Ms. McGuirk’s science class, we
used the following 7 steps:
7 Steps of the Scientific Method
• 1) Choose a problem/ question
• 2) Research your problem/ make
Write this
observations about your problem
down!
• 3) Form a hypothesis
• 4) Write your procedure
• 4) Experiment to test the hypothesis
• 5) Record results/data of experiment
• 6) Communicate the conclusion
1) Choose a problem or question.
•Choose something that can be answered
with an experiment.
•It should be something that interests
us, or deals with our everyday lives!
Do PCA scholars prefer hot Cheetos
or spicy Doritos?
OBSERVATION
• An observation
is the act of
gathering
information
based on the five
senses.
I see a lot of scholars eating hot Cheetos
at lunch everyday.
What is the sense I am using for my observation here?
2) Research your question
• Sometimes, if our
question is complex,
we may need to gather
more information by
conducting some
research.
• We can conduct
research by making
observations.
Examples:
•Observe the world around you.
•Ask other people for advice!
• Look in books or use the internet
to find more information!
3) Develop your hypothesis
• A hypothesis is
a possible answer
to your question.
• Some people call a
hypothesis an
educated guess.
After making my observations by
asking scholars what kind of snack
they liked and seeing what they ate at
lunch, my hypothesis is that PCA
scholars prefer hot Cheetos to spicy
Doritos.
4) Write your procedure
• List of all of the
materials you will
need.
• List each thing you
will do.
• Number each step
• in order.
• Write down
everything you will
do.
My Procedure
Materials
• 20 PCA 6th graders
• 20 PCA 7th graders
• 40 cups of hot Cheetos
(each cup the same size)
• 40 cups of spicy Doritos
(each cup the same size)
• 40 cups of water
Procedure
(1) I will choose 20 PCA 6th
graders and 20 PCA 7th
graders at random
(2) Each day for 5 days, I will
test 4 6th graders and lunch
and 4 7th graders until I test all
20.
(3) Each scholar will be able to
eat one cup of hot Cheetos &
one cup of spicy Doritos
(4) In between eating each cup,
they will drink a cup of water
(5) After they have eaten both
cups, they will pick which one
they enjoyed better.
5) Experiment to test the hypothesis!
• Get your materials,
follow your
procedures, and
make observations.
• Write down your
observations, this is
called your data!
My Data:
• 14 6th graders preferred hot Cheetos
• 6 6th graders preferred spicy Doritos
• 9 7th graders preferred hot Cheetos
• 11 7th graders preferred spicy Doritos
6) Organize your data
• Write down as
much data as you
can about what you
see during your
experiment.
• Make tables,
charts, or graphs
using your data.
What do our PCA Scholars prefer: Hot
Cheetos or Spicy Doritos?
7) State your conclusion
• In the conclusion, scientists answer the
question that the experiment asked.
• Look at your data and decide what it tells
you about your hypothesis. Summarize
your data.
• Communicate your results with others.
My Conclusion
• Based on my results, 23 PCA
scholars preferred hot Cheetos,
while 17 PCA scholars preferred
spicy Doritos. Therefore, it is my
conclusion that PCA scholars
prefer hot Cheetos to spicy Doritos.
My hypothesis was correct!
Once a scientist completes an
experiment, they often repeat it to
see if they get the same findings
and results.
• This is really what we call
verification, or checking things
out to make sure everything was
valid and will happen again and
again.
Every Good Experiment Has Three
Things!
1)Independent variables
2)Controls
3)Dependent variable
Think about this…
• Let’s say that Brad has a pimple. He wonders what
will get rid of it. He’s heard that putting toothpaste
on the zit will get rid of it. He’s also heard that
lemon juice will get rid of it. He decides to rub his
face with lemon juice and toothpaste. The next
morning his pimple is gone. But which thing cured
him? The toothpaste or the lemon juice?
The Answer?
• How many of you think it was the toothpaste?
Raise your hand.
• How many of you think it was the lemon
juice? Raise your hand.
• The truth is….
• THERE IS NO WAY FOR YOU TO KNOW
FOR SURE BECAUSE THIS IS A BAD
EXPERIMENT!!!
Definitions
• Variable: anything in an experiment that can
change
• Independent variable: what you manipulate
(change on purpose) in an experiment
• Control(s): what you keep the same so it/they
don’t interfere with your independent variable
• Dependent variable: what happens in an
experiment because of the independent
variable
Remember our Sayings…
• I CHANGE THE INDEPENDENT
VARIABLE.
Write this
down!
• THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE
DEPENDS ON WHAT I CHANGE.
• THE CONTROL STAYS THE SAME
AND IS USED TO COMPARE.
Looking at Examples as a
Team
(10 minutes)
Learning Through An Example
Larry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest
best thing on the market and claims to
double a person’s muscle power when used as part of a
muscle-building workout. Interested in this
product, he buys the special muscle cream and recruits
Patrick and SpongeBob to help him with an
experiment. Larry develops a special marshmallow weightlifting program for Patrick and SpongeBob.
He meets with them once every day for a period of 2
weeks and keeps track of their results. Before
each session Patrick’s arms and back are lathered in the
muscle cream, while Sponge Bob’s arms and
back are lathered with the regular lotion.
What is the dependent variable in this
experiment?
• Since Larry is looking to see if the cream has
an effect on how much someone can lift, the
dependent variable is THE NUMBER OF
MARSHMALLOWS THAT CAN BE
LIFTED by Spongebob and Patrick
• The number of marshmallows each one can
lift depends on the type of lotion they got
(independent variable)
What are the Controls?
In this experiment, there are several things
that Larry kept the same:
1) He had Spongebob and Patrick do the same
workout
2) He had both of them do the workout every
single day for 2 weeks
3) He rubbed the lotions on their arms and back
Learning Through An Example
Homer notices that his shower is covered in a
strange green slime. His friend Barney tells him
that coconut juice will get rid of the green slime.
Homer decides to check this out by spraying half
of the shower with coconut juice. He sprays the
other half of the shower with water.
• What is the independent variable in this
experiment?
– Homer spraying two different liquids on
his shower.
• What is the dependent variable in this
experiment?
– The resulting change in slime residue.
• What is the control?
– The WATER that Homer sprayed (since
it was liquid he used to compare)
Learning Through An Example
• Smithers thinks that a special juice will increase
the energy of workers. He creates two groups of
50 workers each and assigns each group the same
task (in this case, they're supposed to staple a set
of papers). Group A is given the special juice to
drink while they work. Group B is not given the
special juice.
• What is the independent variable in this
experiment?
– Smithers giving the different drinks to his
workers
• What is the dependent variable in this
experiment?
– The resulting levels of energy (the number
of papers they staple).
• What is the control?
– The group that is not given the “special”
juice.
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN
(15 minutes)
• On my Quia profile, open the “March Madness”
Folder and click on “Week 4 Practice Quiz”
• You will have the last portion of class to answer
10 practice questions on this topic.
The secret word for today’s practice quiz is:
“Variable”
• Once you submit your answers, make sure you
review the questions you got wrong!