Chapter 16-3 Segregation & Discrimination

Literacy Test

Region: South Who: African Americans, illiterate whites How: Prevented them from voting; weakening political power

Poll Tax

Region: South Who: Poor African Americans, poor whites How: Prevented them from voting; weakened political power Had to pay tax in order to vote Abolished 1964 (24 th Amendment)

Grandfather Clause

Region: South Who: African Americans How: Prevented them from voting; weakened their political power If your Grandfather/father could vote prior to January 1 st 1867 you could too

Jim Crow Laws

Region: South Who: African Americans How: Segregated them into facilities separate from those of whites; forced them to endure second class services from schools, hospitals, parks, transportation services, and so on Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Separate but Equal

Racial Etiquette

Region: All, Especially in South Who: African Americans How: Belittled and humiliated them on daily basis; made interaction with whites extremely dangerous; forced them to show deference to whites; made most forms of success dangerous

Debt Peonage

Region: West, Southwest Who: Mexican Americans, African Americans How: Forced them to work against their will to pay a debt; made them little more than slaves; denied them the ability to live own lives

Chinese Exclusion Act

Region: All Who: Chinese, Chinese Americans How: Prohibited Chinese immigration to the US; suspended naturalization for Chinese who were already present