P3 Revision Sheet

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Transcript P3 Revision Sheet 

P3 REVISION – CHAPTER 1 – MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICS
X-rays:
Explain what an x-ray is:
Describe some of the safety issues
with X-rays:
Ultrasound:
Describe how an ultrasound works: Explain how an ultrasound can be
used to measure distance:
Describe what a CT scanner is:
Lenses:
Describe how a convergent lens works:
Explain some of the therapeutic
uses of ultra sound:
Endoscope:
Describe how an endoscope works: Describe how we use endoscopes in
medicine:
Describe how a divergent lens works:
Describe how the lens works in the eye:
Refraction index:
sin 𝑖
The refractive index of the substance, 𝑛 =
sin π‘Ÿ
Where 𝑖 is the angle of incidence and π‘Ÿ is the angle of refraction.
KEY WORDS:
Refraction index
Radiograph
Endoscope
Charge-couple
Converging lens
device
Diverging lens
CT scanner
Principal focus
Transducer
Magnifying
A-scan
Focal length
Refraction
Image
Snell’s law
ASSESSMENT:
P3 REVISION – CHAPTER 2 – USING PHYSICS TO MAKE THINGS WORK
Moments:
Describe what a moment it:
Complete the equation:
Moment = ____ X perpendicular distance
from the line of the force
to the pivot
______ newtons
________
______
Nm
m
Centre of mass:
Describe what the centre of mass of an
object is:
Draw the centre of mass on these shapes:
Moments in balance:
When a see-saw is balanced:
β€’ the anticlockwise moment due to W1
about the pivot = W1d1
β€’ the clockwise moment due to W2 about
the pivot = W2d2
Calculate W1, if W2 = 7.0N, d1 = 0.40m and
d2 = 0.25m
Circular motion:
Explain centripetal force and the factors
that affect it:
Stability:
Explain the following:
Tractor safety:
The pendulum:
Describe the motion of a pendulum:
Bus tests:
The frequency of the oscillations is the
number of complete cycles of oscillation per
second.
High chairs:
the time period =
(in seconds, s)
Hydraulics:
Describe how machines use hydraulics:
KEY WORDS:
The formula for pressure is:
Pressure (Pa or N/m2) =
π‘“π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘π‘’ (𝑁)
π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘’π‘Ž (π‘š2 )
Load
Effort
Pivot
Line of action
Centre of mass
Equilibrium
Moments
Resultant
Pressure
Pascal (Pa)
Hydraulic
Centripetal
Oscillation
Amplitude
Frequncy
1
π‘“π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘žπ‘’π‘’π‘›π‘π‘¦ π‘œπ‘“ π‘‘β„Žπ‘’ π‘œπ‘ π‘π‘–π‘™π‘™π‘Žπ‘‘π‘–π‘œπ‘›π‘  (𝑖𝑛 β„Žπ‘’π‘Ÿπ‘‘π‘§,𝐻𝑧)
ASSESSMENT:
P3 REVISION – CHAPTER 3 – USING MAGNETIC FIELDS TO KEEP THINGS MOVING
Explain how an electromagnet works:
Explain Fleming’s left hand rule:
Explain electromagnetic induction:
The transformer equation is:
𝑝𝑑 π‘Žπ‘π‘Ÿπ‘œπ‘ π‘  π‘π‘Ÿπ‘–π‘šπ‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦,𝑉𝑃
𝑝𝑑 π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘œπ‘ π‘  π‘ π‘’π‘π‘œπ‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦,𝑉𝑆
=
π‘›π‘’π‘šπ‘π‘’π‘Ÿ π‘œπ‘“ π‘‘π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘›π‘  π‘œπ‘› π‘π‘Ÿπ‘–π‘šπ‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦,𝑛𝑝
π‘›π‘’π‘šπ‘π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘  π‘œπ‘“ π‘‘π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘›π‘  π‘œπ‘› π‘ π‘’π‘π‘œπ‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦,𝑛𝑠
If the transformer is 100% efficient:
π‘π‘œπ‘€π‘’π‘Ÿ 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑 π‘‘π‘œ π‘‘β„Žπ‘’ π‘‘π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘›π‘ π‘“π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘šπ‘’π‘Ÿ = π‘π‘œπ‘€π‘’π‘Ÿ π‘‘π‘’π‘™π‘–π‘£π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘’π‘‘ 𝑏𝑦 π‘‘β„Žπ‘’ π‘‘π‘Ÿπ‘Žπ‘›π‘ π‘“π‘œπ‘Ÿπ‘šπ‘’π‘Ÿ
π‘π‘Ÿπ‘–π‘šπ‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦ 𝑝𝑑 × π‘π‘Ÿπ‘–π‘šπ‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦ π‘π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘Ÿπ‘’π‘›π‘‘ = π‘ π‘’π‘π‘œπ‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦ 𝑝𝑑 × π‘ π‘’π‘π‘œπ‘›π‘‘π‘Žπ‘Ÿπ‘¦ π‘π‘’π‘Ÿπ‘Ÿπ‘’π‘›π‘‘
𝑉𝑃 × πΌπ‘ƒ = 𝑉𝑆 × πΌπ‘†
Explain how an electric motor works:
Explain how a transformer works:
KEY WORDS:
South pole
North pole
Magnetic pole
Magnetic field
lines
Motor effect
β€˜Split-ring’
commutator
Induction
Transformer
National grid
Step-up
transformer
Step-down
transformer
ASSESSMENT: