Transcript Emerging Issues in Migration Policies: Implications for

South-South Migration
United Nations Institute for Training
and Research (UNITAR)
New York, 29 November 2011
Pablo Lattes
Migration Section
Population Division - DESA
United Nations
What is south-south migration?

Definitions of ‘south’ and what countries are part of it?

Time – recent migration flows versus long term stock of
migrants? And how about the second generation?

Measurement errors – how do we measure circular or short
term migration if censuses are the only source of data for
many countries?

Free or forced – should we distinguish between free and
forced migration when talking about south-south migration?

Regular / irregular – do we count all migrants or only those
in a regular situation.
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Origin of migrants – data limitations





Migrants are generally reported by country of
destination
Partial list of countries listed as origin
Origin of migration changing with time
Difficult to show trends due to lack of data
The Migration Section of the Population
Division is currently working on a set of
estimates
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Definition of ‘south’
(Population Division – DESA)


‘South’ refers to the less developed
regions which comprise all regions of
Africa, Asia (excluding Japan) and Latin
America and the Caribbean, as well as
Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.
The ‘North” or more developed
regions comprise all regions of Europe
plus Northern America, Australia, New
Zealand and Japan.
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
South/North split according to
different agencies / organisations
Population Division (development level)
More developed regions
127.7 - (60%)
Less developed regions
86.2
- (40%)
World Bank (income)
High income
132.4 - (62%)
Middle and low income
81.5
- (38%)
UNDP (HDI - Human Development Index)
Very high (HDI .9 and above)
120.4 - (56%)
High, medium, low (HID < .9)
93.5
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
- (44%)
Distribution of migrants by
development level (1960-2010)
140
More developed
regions
127.7 million
Millions
120
100
Less developed
regions
80
86.2 million
60
40
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
2010
2000
1990
1980
1970
1960
20
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Africa
213,944
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
Regional migration matrix 2010
(thousands)
Receiving regions
Total
Total
213,944
Africa
Asia
Europe
LAC
N. A.
Oceania
19,263
61,324
69,819
7,480
50,042
6,015
Sending regions
Africa
31,447
17,171
4,459
7,571
32
1,875
339
Asia
83,445
572
48,213
18,531
321
13,861
1,946
Europe
60,702
1,361
7,602
38,504
1,518
9,101
2,618
Latin America
and the
Caribbean
33,029
97
545
4,092
4,621
23,571
102
Northern
America
3,845
51
430
848
981
1,373
163
Oceania
1,476
11
75
272
8
262
848
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
NORTH-NORTH
55.0 millions (26% )
SOUTH-SOUTH
73.6 millions (34% )
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
12.6 million (6%)
72.7 million (34%)
People on the move
Migrant stock - 2010
North (60%)
127.7 million
South,
56.9
North,
43.1
North,
14.8
South (40%)
86.2 million
South,
85.2
Age of migrants
and length of stay
Distribution of migrant inflows by
age to selected countries in Europe
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Migration Section – Population Division - DESA, 2011
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
Age distribution of stocks
More developed regions:
Less developed regions (millions)
10
-Older age distribution very
different to age distribution of
flows.
1990
2000
2010
8
6
4
-Large increase for 60+
More developed regions (millions)
65+
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
20
1990
2000
2010
15
65+
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
0
15-19
-No increase for 60+
5
10-14
-Age distribution similar to
age distribution of inflows.
10
5-9
Less developed regions:
0-4
0
0-4
2
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0-4 10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 60- 0-4 10- 20- 30- 40- 50- 6014 24 34 44 54 64
14 24 34 44 54 64
1990
2000
2010
1990
2000
2010