Transcript Mainstreaming Disability in Development

MDG 1 and Disability
Poverty reduction and eradication
of hunger
Outline
1.
MDG 1 – What is it?
2.
What are the linkages between poverty,
hunger and disability?
3.
How to achieve MDG 1?
4.
PRSP as one instrument to achieve MDG 1
Millennium Development Goal 1
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the
proportion of people whose income is less
than one dollar a day
Indicator 1: Proportion of population below $1
(PPP) per day
Indicator 2: Poverty gap ratio
Indicator 3: Share of poorest quintile in
national consumption
Millennium Development Goal 1
Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the
proportion of people who suffer from
hunger
Indicator 4: Prevalence of underweight
children under-five years of age
Indicator 5: Proportion of population below
minimum level of dietary energy
consumption
Link between disability and MDG 1
Exclusion from
education /
employment
Excluded from
social life
Disability
Increased vulnerability/risk
to become injured/impaired
Increased
living costs
Poverty
Poor nutrition
Poor health care
Poor working conditions
Disability and poverty – available
data
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One person in 20 worldwide has a disability,
of which more than three out of five live in
a developing country (UN figures)
One in five of the world’s poorest have a
disability (World Bank estimate)
US$ 1.71–2.23 trillion of global GDP is lost
because of disability, which adds up to a
rate of between 5.35% and 6.97%.
82% of persons with disabilities live below
the poverty line in developing countries (UN
figures)
Hunger and disability
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20% of impairments are caused by
malnutrition
Between 250,000 and 500,000 children go
blind every year from Vitamin A Deficiency
(VAD)
There are over 16 million mentally
handicapped and nearly 49.5 million people
with lesser degrees of brain damage due to
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD).
More than half of all pregnant women in the
world are anemic, of whom 90% live in
developing countries
Disability, poverty and hunger –
lack of knowledge
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Global figures show trends, but do not
explain linkages in detail
Global figures do not show specific
circumstances in countries and/or regions
How to achieve MDG 1?
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MDG 1 is the central MDG and linked to all
other goals
Economic (pro-poor) growth
Social protection
Increased agricultural production
Disaster management
Translation into action
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Targets were set based on global trends,
not country specific situation  some
countries adapted the targets and create
national MDGs
Targets define the end of the road, but not
the road itself  national/regional policies,
programmes, budget and other
governmental plans translate the targets
into action
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs)
Programmes and projects of nongovernmental development actors
PRSPs
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Origin: World Bank and IMF introduced this
concept in the late 1990s to have a basis
for debt relief, grants and other support to
low-income countries
Basic idea: Concerned countries formulate
their own strategy leading to poverty
reduction and economic growth
Stakeholders: Government, civil society,
international donors …
MDG 1 and disability in PRSP –
Examples
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Tanzanian: “20% of children and adults
with disabilities [are] reached with effective
social protection measures by 2010”
Ethiopia: “A productive safety net program
that includes:
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A public works program to employ the poor
in building roads and other infrastructure
during difficult times; and,
Free distributions to orphans, the elderly, the
disabled, and others who cannot work”
MDG 1 and disability in PRSP –
Examples
Bangladesh:
“Safety Net Programmes (SNPs): in
Bangladesh Allowances for the Distressed
Disabled Persons (ADDP): In the budget of
2005/06, the Government has introduced
allowances for the distressed disabled
persons and provided an allocation of Tk
250 million for this purpose.”
Lessons learned from PRSP
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If disabled people‘s organisations are
involved in the policy formulation, proposed
actions will not longer follow a charitybased approach
Empowerment of DPOs and other civil
society stakeholders is effective
International NGOs can be facilitator and
door-opener
Lack of data and knowledge about disability
and poverty makes it difficult ton propose
concrete actions
Discussion
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What can be done on the level of the
developing countries?
On the level of the international
community?
Are MDGs really the ultimate goals?