Transcript ITD Goals - Mesa Community College

Research Methods
Summer 2009
Using Between Subjects and Within Subjects
Experimental Designs
7/20/03
Copyright Ed Lipinski and Mesa Community College, 20032009. All rights reserved.
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Agenda
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General Housekeeping
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Assignments
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Lesson Objective
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Ed’s Overview / Discussion
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Questions.
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Objective
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“... to examine the use of between
subjects and within subjects
experimental designs”
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Ed’s Overview
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I. Types of Experimental Designs
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II. Error Variance
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III. Between Subjects Designs
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IV. Within Subjects Designs
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V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s
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VI. Confounding.
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Cohorts – APA Style…
• Why do you believe the APA has created writing
guidelines for professional publications?
• What was the most helpful element associated
with using APA Style? Why?
• What was the most difficult challenge associated
with using APA Style? Why?
• What might I do differently next time I write an
APA Style Paper?
• What might be some ethical considerations
associated with the report I wrote or the writing
style that I used?.
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Cohorts – Top Five…
• Cohort ‘A’: Making Systematic
Observations
• Cohort ‘B’: Using Survey Research
• Cohort ‘C’: Using Between-Subjects
and Within-Subjects Designs.
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Class Discussion
• What is a Between-Subjects Design?
• Between-Subjects: Different groups
of subjects are assigned to the levels
of your independent variable
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
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Class Discussion
• What is a Within-Subjects Design?
• Within-Subjects: A single group of
subjects is exposed to all levels of
your independent variable
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
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Class Discussion
• What is a Single-Subject Design?
• Single-Subject Design: The subject is
exposed to all levels of the
independent variable, however, you
do not average statistically across
subjects
• Pros and Cons of this Design.
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I. Types of Experimental
Designs
• A. Looking For Cause
• B. Quantitative and Qualitative
Manipulation
• C. Between Subjects Designs
• D. Within Subjects Designs
• E. Single Subject Designs.
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II. Error Variance
• A. Error Variance
• B. Sources of Error Variance
• C. Handling Error Variance
• Reducing Error Variance
• Increasing Effectiveness of I.V.
• Randomizing
• Statistical Analysis.
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III. Between Subjects
Design
• A. Single Factor Randomized Groups
Design
• Randomized Two-Group Design
• Randomized Multigroup Design
• Parametric Design
• Nonparametric Design
• Multiple Control Group Design.
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III. Between Subjects
Design
• B. Matched Groups Design
• Matched Sets Distributed At Random
• Logic
• Advantages and Disadvantages
• Matched Pairs Design
• Matched Multigroup Designs.
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IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• A. Advantages
• B. Disadvantages
• C. Sources of Carryover
• Learning
• Fatigue
• Habituation
• Sensation
• Contrast
• Adaptation.
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IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• D. Dealing With Carryover
• Counterbalancing
• Complete Counterbalancing
• Partial Counterbalancing
• Latin Square Design
• Minimizing Carryover
• Treatment Order As An I.V..
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IV. Within Subjects
Designs
• E. When To Use
• Subjects Correlated With D.V.
• Economizing On Subjects
• Increasing Exposure
• F. Versus Matched Groups
• G. Types of Within-Subjects Designs
• Single Factor Two-Level Designs
• Single Factor Multilevel Designs.
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V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s
• A. Factorial Designs
• Separate Group For Each I.V. Level
• Main Effects
• Interactions
• Factorial Within Subjects Designs
• Higher Order Factorial Designs
• B. Other Group-Based Designs
• C. Multivariate Designs – More D.V.’s.
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VI. Confounding
• A. Varying With The I.V..
• Maturation
• History.
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Recap
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I.
Types of Experimental Designs
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II. Error Variance
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III. Between Subjects Designs
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IV. Within Subjects Designs
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V. I.V.’s and D.V.’s
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VI. Confounding.
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Between and Within
Questions
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