Transcript SDZ Construction: Field Artillery (Indirect Fire)

SDZ Construction:
Field Artillery (Indirect Fire)
Inter-service Resident Range Safety Course
(Intermediate)
What is Artillery?
The generic term
“artillery” is given to
mounted, largecaliber weapons,
such as cannons or
rocket launchers,
used in land
warfare and
manned by a crew.
August 2003
Rockets
Highly mobile, rapid-fire, surface-to-surface,
free-flight rocket and guided missile.
Complements cannon artillery to attack deep
targets and to strike at counter fire, air defense
and high payoff targets.
12 Rockets in less
than 60 seconds at
up to six aim points.
2 Missiles in less
than 20 seconds at
one or two aim
points.
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Cannon Artillery Ammunition
HE Family
High explosive (HE)
White phosphorous
(WP)
Hexachloroethane
(HC) smoke
Illumination
Anti-personnel
improved
conventional
munitions (APICM)
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Cannon Artillery Ammunition
Dual-purpose
improved conventional
munitions (DPICM)
Family
Area denial artillery
munition (ADAM)
Remote anti-armor
munition (RAAMS)
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Cannon Artillery Ammunition
Base bleed (BB)
DPICM family
Copperhead family
Rocket-assisted
projectile (RAP) family
Sense and destroy
armor (SADARM)
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August 2003
Rocket Artillery Ammunition
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Degrees or Mils?
“Mil” is short for milliradian (one-thousandth of a
radian)
A radian is a unit of measure for angles.
Mils are more accurate than degrees
In a complete circle, 360°, there are 2p radians
(6.283 radians).
1000 milliradians = one radian
There are 6283 milliradians in a circle.
We’ve made things “simpler” by standardizing
6400 mils in a circle.
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Converting Degrees and Mils
Standard Conversion Formula:
1 degree = 17.777… mils
To convert degrees to mils:
Multiply degrees times 17.78
45° x 17.78 = 800.1 or 800 mils
To convert mils to degrees:
Divide mils by 17.78
3200 ÷ 17.78 = 179.9 or 180°
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“True-ing” the Protractor
Mils Scale
Degrees
Scale
Index
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Constructing an Indirect-Fire
Field Artillery SDZ
Construct the SDZ for the 155mm
Howitzer, PROJ, HE, M107, FUZE, PD,
M557.
Dimensions of the SDZ for this weapon
system are given in DA-PAM 385-63,
Chapter 11, Table 11-1, and Figure 11-1.
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Legend for Field Artillery
Weapon:
Area A:
Ammo Type:
Area B:
Left Limit of Fire:
Area C:
Right Limit of Fire:
Area E:
Maximum Range:
Map Scale:
Mid Range:
Map Sheet:
Minimum Range:
Map Series:
PE (Deflection):
Map Edition:
PE (Range):
Date:
Name:
August 2003
8PE
Area B
Distance X
Impact Area
8PE
Target Area
12PE
Area A
Area C
Area D
Area E
Firing Point
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Plot the targets.
Plot the firing point.
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From the worksheet,
locate and draw the
right lateral limit.
Right lateral limit = 5740 mils
From the worksheet,
locate and draw the
left lateral limit.
Left lateral limit = 5480 mils
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Find the maximum range.
Target
Area
Maximum range = 6750m
From the firing point,
scribe an arc at maximum
range.
Find the minimum range.
Minimum range = 5550m
From the firing point,
scribe an arc at minimum
range.
This completes the Target Area.
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Compute Mid-Range
To determine mid-range, add together the
maximum range and the minimum range
and divide the total by 2:
Maximum Range
Minimum Range
6750m
+ 5550m
12,300m
12,300 ÷ 2 = 6150m
Mid-Range = 6150m
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Probable Error Constraints
Probable Error Deflection (PED)
Probable Error Range (PER)
Downrange
Uprange
8
8
12
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Probable Error Constraints
From Table G (Charge 4G), Column 1, find
the mid range and locate the probable
errors for this range.
1
2
3
4
5
6
R
A
N
G
E
E
L
E
V
R
D
HB
TB
M
MIL
M
M
M
5500
6000
6500
7000
344.9
389.0
438.3
495.5
20
23
25
28
4
5
5
6
12
14
17
20
7
8
9
10
11
RB
Angle
of
Fall
COT
Angle
of
Fall
TML
VEL
MO
SEC
M
MIL
M/S
0.11
0.12
0.13
0.14
30
32
33
35
389
441
500
565
262
259
257
255
Probable Errors
Fuze M564
PER = 25
2.5
2.2
1.9
1.6
12
13
M
MIL
MIL
517
647
804
1002
0.142
0.199
0.287
0.445
-0.12
-0.171
-0.238
-0.347
PED = 5
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Target
Area
Calculate the PED
8 x 5 = 40 (ˆ50m)
At the mid range,
measure out 50m and
draw tic marks.
From the firing point,
draw lines through tic
marks out past the
target area.
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Target
Area
Calculate the up-range PER
12 x 25 = 300m
At the uprange limit of
the Target Area,
measure back 300m
toward the firing point.
Draw a tic mark.
From the firing point, scribe
an arc through the tic mark.
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Target
Area
Calculate the
downrange PER
8 x 25 = 200m
Impact
Area
At the downrange limit of
the Target Area, measure
out 200m away from the
firing point.
Draw a tic mark.
From the firing point, scribe an
arc through the tic mark.
This completes the Impact Area.
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Target
Area
Impact
Area
From Table 11-1,
find Area A.
Area A = 725m (ˆ750m)
From the lateral
limits of the Impact
Area, measure out
750m.
Draw tic marks.
Draw straight lines through
the tic marks.
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Target
Area
Impact
Area
From Table 11-1,
find Area B.
Area B = 725m (ˆ750m)
From the downrange limit of the
Impact Area,
measure out 750m.
Draw a tic mark.
From the firing point, scribe an
arc through the tic mark.
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Target
Area
At the firing point,
measure 25° to the
left and right from
the limits of the
impact area.
Impact
Area
Draw tic marks.
Draw straight lines
through the tic marks.
25°
25°
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Area C
Area C is the secondary danger area
(buffer zone) on the up-range side of
the impact area and parallel to Area B
which contains fragments, debris, and
components from exploding projectiles
functioning on the near edge of the
impact area.
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Target
Area
Extend the uprange limit of the
Impact Area.
Impact
Area
From Table 11-1,
find the
measurement of
Area C.
Area C = 350m
Draw a tic mark at the
Area C measurement.
From the firing point, scribe an
arc through the tic mark.
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Target
Area
Connect the uprange and downrange lateral limits of
Area C as shown.
Impact
Area
This completes
Area C.
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Target
Area
Connect the uprange and downrange lateral limits of
Area C as shown.
Impact
Area
Area B
Area A
This completes
Area C.
Annotate Areas A, B,
and C on the legend.
Area C
Erase any unnecessary lines.
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Target
Area
Connect the uprange and downrange lateral limits of
Area C as shown.
Impact
Area
Area B
Area A
This completes
Area C.
Annotate Areas A, B,
and C on the legend.
Area C
Erase any unnecessary lines.
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Area E
Area E is the danger area between an
indirect fire weapon system and Area D.
this area is endangered by muzzle
debris, overpressure, blast, and
hazardous impulse noise.
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Target
Area
Impact
Area
From Table 11-1,
find Area E.
Area E = 725m (ˆ750m)
Area B
Area A
From the firing
point, measure
down-range 750m.
Draw a tic mark.
Area C
From the firing point, scribe an
arc through the tic mark for
Area E.
This completes Area E.
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Area B
Target
Area
Annotate Area E
on the legend.
Impact
Area
Area A
Area C
Area E
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Area D
Area D is the safe area between Areas
C and E for indirect, overhead fire of
unprotected personnel.
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Area B
Target
Area
Annotate Area D
on the legend.
Impact
Area
Area A
Area C
Area D
Area E
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Legend for Artillery
Weapon:
155mm Howitzer
Area A:
750m
Ammo Type:
M557 HE PD
Area B:
750m
Left Limit of Fire:
5480 mils
Area C:
350m
Right Limit of Fire: 5740 mils
Area E:
750m
Maximum Range:
6750m
Map Scale:
1:50,000
Mid Range:
6150m
Map Sheet:
Minimum Range:
5550m
Map Series:
PE (Deflection):
50m
Map Edition:
PE (Range):
300m / 200m
Date:
Name:
August 2003