Transcript Presentation Title

Welcome
Ni Hao. My name is (insert name here). I work for some
institution. It is over there. I am here today to talk to you
about how to improve your presentation skills. Over the next
hour, I plan on reviewing 384 slides with you.
If you are still reading this, then you are no longer listening
to me. This is a problem because you came to hear ME
speak. If you wanted to read a bunch of slides, then why
waste time listening to me. Maybe you liked it when your
parents read to you. Maybe you like the cool colors and
fonts I’m now using. Maybe you thought this was a laser
STOP reading and start listening to
show. Regardless,
me. Otherwise it
change and get
.
smaller. I bet you really wish that you could read this
will get really hard as the fonts
If It Works, It’s Good
• These are suggestions, not rules
• You can ignore everything here and still give a
great presentation
What is important
What is important
• How it is said – 50%
• Body Language – 30%
• Visual Aids – 12%
• Content – 8%
90 second rule
• The first 90 seconds of any presentation are crucial.
• The audience is evaluating you and forming an
impression.
Know Your Audience
First and most important rule: KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE
Different audiences need different types of talks
Fellow experts  Technical jargon OK, Details good
Briefing for Colleagues  Some jargon OK, less detailed
General Audience  Minimal jargon, “Big Picture” only
Know what style is appropriate for your intended audience
Photos
• First and most important rule: KNOW YOUR AUDIENCE
• Offer handouts…..after the presentation
• Offer papers, patents, slides, etc
• Offer information about YOU
• Contact me at – [email protected]
Laser show
Visual Aids
• You are the primary visual aid
• Remember the word “Visual”
• Keep it simple
• Do not talk to the screen!
Reading Is Bad
The practice of putting huge blocks of text on a slide
and then reading every single word to the audience
probably accounts for half of the problems people have
with PowerPoint. Most people in the audience will be
able to read the text faster than you can say it out loud.
Those who can’t will be so busy reading it that they’ll
tend to miss what you’re saying.
 Keep words on slides to a minimum
 This goes double for math/equations
Slide Structure – Good
• Use 1 - 2 slides per minute
• Use key words and phrases
• Include 4 - 5 points per slide, OR……
Slide Structure – Good
•
1 point per slide
Slide Structure – Good
• Helps audience concentrate
• Prevents audience from reading ahead
• Keeps your presentation focused
Slide Structure - Bad
This page contains too many words for a presentation
slide. It is not written in point form, making it difficult both
for your audience to read and for you to present each point.
Although there are exactly the same number of points on
this slide as the previous slide, it looks much more
complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much
time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you
Bad Example
– Hydrocracking works by first saturating aromatic rings and then cracking
the saturated ring systems. This generally results in reduced
aromaticity in products. The more aromatic rings coupled together
(fused) on a molecule the greater the hydrogen consumption during
saturation.
– Aromatic type analysis will provide operations and/or optimization with
insight into the ease of processing and impact, operating temperature,
hydrogen consumption, and expected conversion, thus enabling feed
stock optimisation.
– The carbon in aromatic cores relative to that in aliphatic chains and
rings informs the degree of crackability and product slate qualities.
– Due to the complex interactions between saturation, cracking, ring
opening and isomerisation, process models used in unit optimisation
and LP’s require a good understanding of feedstock aromaticity.
Another Bad Example
First set of equations
Equation 1
Equation 2
Equation 3
Equation 4
Even more equations
Another Bad Example
• And even more, this time with a reference (xxxx), JFM,
xxx, 213-241, and color
Fd =3g 2 d（
f ）
p U - V）（
（
f ）
=
（
f ）
=
r=
10( 1-  )

3
 0.7
for ε<0.6
1  3 0.5( 1-  ) ( 135/ 64) ( 1-  ) l n( 1-  ) +17. 14( 1-  )
1  0.681( 1-  )  8.48( 1-  )2  8.16( 1-  )3
0.5 0.5
bkKc pCO
pH2
1  K p
c
0.5
CO
0.5
H2
 KOH pH2O p

2
for ε>0.6.
b = 0~0.1, indicating the activity
of the catalyst
Slide Design
Keep Background Images Simple
Complicated background images make text disappear
Use solid colors, or simple patterns
Use animation sparingly
Slide Structure - Bad
• No distracting animation
• Don’t go overboard with animation
• Be consistent with animation
Slide Design
1) Text Is Still Bad
2) Use high-contrast fonts and colors
Certain colors are nearly invisible on some backgrounds
Be aware of or sensitive to people with visual
impairments, like colorblindness
Don’t use
complicated fonts or
tiny little text
An A4 printout should be readable from ~3 meters
Fonts - Good
• At least a 24-point font
• Use different size fonts
– main points
– secondary points
• Use a standard font
Fonts - Bad
•
If you use a small font, your audience won’t be able to read what you have written
• CAPITALIZE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY. IT IS
DIFFICULT TO READ
• Don’t use a
complicated font
Font Color - Bad
• Using a font color that does not contrast with the
background color is hard to read
• Using color for decoration is distracting and annoying.
• Using a different color for each point is unnecessary
– Using a different color for secondary points is also
unnecessary
• Trying to be creative can also be bad
Background & Fonts - Good
• Attractive but simple
• Words should contrast with the background
• Be consistent throughout presentation
• Emphasize a point
– But only use this occasionally
Background - Bad
• Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult to read
from
• Always be consistent with the background that you use
Example - Bad
1. Improvement of catalyst for syngas to bijou in one-step synthesis
The active temperature could match that of
something
Non-X-based catalysts
Could synergistically catalyze reaction with
something
2. Improvement of process of syngas to bijou via beer
The roles of metal in ZX-zeolite
The roles of X2 in feed gases
Mechanism of some formation over something
with some atmosphere
Improve performance &
stability of reactions
Spelling and Grammar
• Proof your slides for:
– speling mistakes
– use of of of repeated words
– grammatical errors
• Have someone else proof your slides
Graphs - Good
• Use graphs rather than just charts and words
– Data in graphs is easier to comprehend & retain than raw data
– Trends are easier to visualize in graph form
• Always title your graphs
• Label your axis clearly
• Don’t put everything into one graph
Graphs - Bad
• Remember your significant digits
Milk and Cream
Grapes
Nursery Products
Lettuce
0.36301710
0.26508730
0.20874470
0.13700040
Graphs - Good
Graphs - Good
Annual flash gas production by unit
700
Aromatics Unit 2
Isomerization
Ultraformer 4
Ultraformer 3
600
kscfh
500
Available
compressor
capacity
400
300
200
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
Note that average flash gas production is
greater than available compressor capacity
Graphs - Bad
• Minor gridlines are unnecessary
• Font is too small
• Colors could show more contrast
• Title is missing
100
90
90
80
70
60
Blue Balls
50
Red Balls
38.6
40
34.6
31.6
30.6
27.4
30
20.4
20.4
20
10
0
January
February
March
April
Graphs – Bad – Dual Y axis
Graphs - Good
Graphs – too much info for a presentation
Presentation vs Poster vs Pre-read
• Remember – you are
here to speak!
Keep it simple
1000
Academicians
Professors
Associate Professors
Senior Technical / Admin
Technical / Admin
Postdoc.
800
226
600
M.S
Students
Ph.D
793
Total
820
760
730
790
755
723
12 103
476
723
498
400
254
303
295
520
300
476
284
515
275
502
253
470
253
200
70
147
0
Staff Members
(total = 1899)
15 Academicians
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Graduate Students
You tell the story
Good pre-read
– 170J – works well but can’t use
all available capacity
– 149J – just spent $1m and it is
2001
still having problems
2003
ULC 149J flash gas compressor
500
kscfh
Flash gas production
due to unmetered spills to fuel.
$31k
$950k
Available
compressor
capacity
400
300
200
– Actual production is unknown
$16k
Aromatics Unit 2
Isomerization
Ultraformer 4
Ultraformer 3
600
compressor capacity
Isom J2 flash gas compressor
Annual flash gas production by unit
700
– More production than
2004
Note that the availability of the 149J flash gas compressor has
dropped off w hile its maintanence costs have increased
dramatically
well
•
$103k
$114k
$47k
$7k
2002
ULC 170J flash gas compressor
– J2 – poor design, will never work
$120k
$0.7k
$81k
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
$26k
Compressor reliability
% availability
•
$1.7k
Historic availability and maintenance cost of flash gas compressors
100
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
Note that average flash gas production is
greater than available compressor capacity
Good presentation
% availability
2001
ULC 170J flash gas compressor
2002
2003
ULC 149J flash gas compressor
$31k
$950k
$16k
$103k
$114k
$47k
$7k
$120k
$0.7k
$81k
$26k
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
$1.7k
Historic availability and maintenance cost of flash gas compressors
2004
Isom J2 flash gas compressor
Note that the availability of the 149J flash gas compressor has
dropped off w hile its maintanence costs have increased
dramatically
Good pre-read
Current Opportunity/ Situation
NYH AND WEST COAST 3:2:1 CRACK SPREAD
(1992-2002)
•
Favorable market
conditions
500%
–
Play significant deviations
–
Reduce risk given historical
sharpness of margin declines
400%
•
300%
2 standard deviation moves
200%
100%
•
0%
-100%
Several refining business units over
the past 12 months have locked-in the
crude to product spread
–
Refinery 1
–
Refinery 2
Multiple trading benches are
requesting clarity regarding when is it
appropriate to lock in incremental
refining margins
–
-200%
2 standard deviation moves
LA
NYH
May-02
Oct-01
Mar-01
Aug-00
Jan-00
Jun-99
Nov-98
Apr-98
Oct-97
Mar-97
Aug-96
Jan-96
Jun-95
Nov-94
Apr-94
Sep-93
Feb-93
Jul-92
-300%
Jan-92
CRACK SPREAD MEASURED IN STANDARD DEVIATIONS FROM AVERAGE
600%
During certain market periods,
opportunities exist to lock-in margins
associated with incremental crude
runs
Implications:
 Higher crude runs can mean
significant portion is
converted to diesel
 G/D flexibility can result in
increased diesel output
41
Good presentation
Example – simple
Example – Too much
Example – Too much
 Nano scale
 Big aspect ratio
 Chemically stable
 Electrically/thermal conductivity
 Flexible
 Impermeable
Nano Lett. 2008; 8:2458
Science 2012;335:442
Example – Too much
ACS Nano 2011;5(2):1321
ACS Nano 2012;6(2):1102
Example – Too much
SS304+ G
Example – Too much
Example – Too much, too small
Break this up into multiple slides
6.0
EG
Linear Fit of Sheet1 B
4.0
EE
Linear Fit of Sheet1 B
5.5
2
y=0.02682+2.68618x R =0.9992
3.5
DME
Linear Fit of Sheet1 B
6
2
y=-0.01007+2.86941x R =0.9997
2
y=-0.52746+2.3977x R =0.9995
5.0
5
3.0
4.5
2.5
4
1.5
mi/ms
mi/ms
mi/ms
4.0
2.0
3.5
3
3.0
1.0
2.5
0.5
2.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Ai/As
1.0
1.2
1.4
2
1
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Ai/As
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Ai/As
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
Example – Too much
No claim of this
technology
Practice
• Practice
• Practice
• Practice
Your conclusion
• Should be effective and strong
• Summarize the main points
• Chance to give opinion
Questions??
• End your presentation with a simple question slide
• Invite your audience to ask questions
• Provides a visual aid during question period
• Avoids ending a presentation abruptly
And finally. . . .
• DO NOT READ YOUR SLIDES!
• Use your slides as Talking Points (keep it simple)
• Allow time for Q/A at the end of your presentation
Questions?
• So… any questions??