Transcript Document
Painting Chapter 5 Painting • For many, art is painting • Painting is linked with drawing as drawing is often a preliminary step for a painting • Began with cave paintings made with pigments from plants and clays Ingredients • Paints consist of: – Pigment provides color. Can be made from minerals, plants, animals… – Binder is a sticky substance that holds the pigment together • Linseed oil, egg… – Vehicle makes the paint a liquid • Turpentine, water… Surfaces • Support-structure to hold the painting – Wood panel, canvas, paper • Sizing and priming-often a surface is smoothed and prepared to accept the paint – Gesso is a mixture of glue and chalk applied to canvas before painting Watercolor • Pigments are bound with gum arabic and water is the vehicle • Watercolor is usually painted on rag paper – Rag paper is absorbant and won’t disintegate in water • Dries fast and it isn’t easy to correct mistakes • Opaque watercolor is called gouache Winslow Homer. Sloop, Nassau. 1899. 14-7/8" × 21-7/16" (37.8 × 54.3 cm). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Zhang Daqian. Hidden Valley, After Guo Xi. 1962. 76-1/4" × 40-1/8". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Tempera • Tempera is traditionally made with pigment eggs and water • Created a luminous and matte finish • Not easily blended or corrected • Often applied in many layers • Little used today Filippo Lippi. Madonna and Child. c. 1440–1445. 0.797 × .511 cm (31-3/8" × 20-1/8"). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Encaustic • Pigments are dissolved into beeswax • Mixture has to be kept hot while being used to paint Anne Appleby. Mother E. 2009. Each panel, 72" × 34". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Oil • Pigment mixed with oil • Turpentine is used to thin oil paint • Method is attributed to Hubert and Jan van Eyck • Painted on gesso covered wood or canvas • Painted in layers from dark to light • Glaze is a thin translucent layer of varnish to give the painting depth and glossiness • Dries very slowly and is easily corrected, blended, and painted over • Impasto is oil paint applied very thickly Jan van Eyck. Madonna and Child with the Chancellor Rolin. c. 1433– 1434. 66 × 62 cm. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Rembrandt van Rijn. Detail from Self-Portrait. 1663. Full painting 45" × 38". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Frank Auerbach. Head of Michael Podro. 1981. 13" × 11". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Inka Essenhigh. Escape Pod. 2003. 50" × 50". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Acrylic • Made of pigment and acrylic polymer • Fast drying, long lasting • Can use water instead of turpentine to thin the paint • Harder to blend Audrey Flack. Wheel of Fortune. 1977–1978. 96" × 96". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Fresco • Buon fresco- pigment mixed with water is applied to a damp lime-plaster surface • A cartoon is usually made – A full scale drawing that is transferred onto the area to be painted • The lime-plaster has to be damp, so the artist can only paint a section at a time • Fresco seco-dry fresco-tempera paint is applied over the buon fresco to add color intensity Judith F. Baca. View of Great Wall of Los Angeles. 1976–1983. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Leonardo da Vinci The Last Supper Michelangelo Buonarotti Sistine Chapel Ceiling Diego Rivera The Building of a City