Transcript Workshop Implementation of the Landfill Directive

Workshop
Implementation of the Landfill Directive
Full implementation
of the Landfill Directive,
the example of Germany
Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
REMONDIS International
The German waste system
82 Mio. inhabitants
50,6 Mio. t of waste coming from
households and
commercial plants
very differenciated collection system
very strict regulations
high level of acceptance all over the population
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Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
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The collection system
Household
Different bins:
grey bin
yellow bin
brown bin
blue bin
separate
containers for
all kinds of waste,
but secondary
raw materials
all kinds of packages
like cartons, plastics
Tetrapak with
the green point
organic materials
from gardens
and kitchens
paper,
cardboards
etc.
- paper
- glas
Going to
treatment
Going to
treatment
Going to
compost-plants
Going to
recycling
Going to
recycling
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Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
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Treatment of waste – not separated
Grey bin
Incineration plant
- to destroy the waste
- to produce energy
(electricity or heat)
Pretreatment
MBT
Separation
of secondary
raw materials
Remaining
materials
Anaerobic treatment
(Methanisation)
Energy
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Composting
(no high quality compost!)
Incineration
Landfill
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German Landfill Directive

All kinds of waste must be treated before landfilling.

All kinds of useful secondary raw materials must be recycled.

Organic material must be lower than 5% to go to a landfill.

The landfill must be constructed in a very special way.

Strict observations by authorities to protect the environment.
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--------------------------------------Pebbles-draining layer
--------------------------------------Protection layer – Geotextile
--------------------------------------HDPE – 2-5 cm
--------------------------------------Geotextile (protection layer)
--------------------------------------30 cm clay Kf = 10-9 m/sec
--------------------------------------30 cm clay Kf = 10-9 m/sec
--------------------------------------30 cm clay Kf = 10-9 m/sec
--------------------------------------Geological basic
Waste X m
Trees, bushes
--------------------------------------Soils > 1 m
--------------------------------------Water protection system
--------------------------------------Soils
--------------------------------------HDPE-layer
--------------------------------------Clays 50 cm; Kf = 10-9
--------------------------------------Gas collection layer
--------------------------------------Soils
---------------------------------------
Basic
Covering
Construction of a German landfill
Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
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Controlling and treatments

The basic layer is controlled in every part of construction.

During operation the basic layer is observed.

The sewage-water is collected and purified in special waste-water plants.

The produced methane and other gases are combusted to produce
energy.

The waste is covered every day to prevent emissions.

After finalising the landfill is modulated and covered with a special layer.

The aftercare lasts 30 years at minimum to avoid all kinds of damages.
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Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
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Reality and effects

After 1.6.2005 all old landfills are closed.

Landfills in work must follow the landfill directive

Separation is improved.

Enlargement in the capacities of MBT's and incineration plants

Increasing of the treatment cost

Extremely decreasing of waste-transport from other countries to Germany.
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Dr. Eva-Maria Krüger
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