Transcript Document

Breakthroughs in Energy
Storage Technology –
Lithium Iron Phosphorous Oxide
Battery Cathode Material
Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.
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Overview of Formosa Plastics Group



Operating Revenue (US$) : US$ : 67.1 Billion (2008)
Employees : 94,268
Worldwide Affiliates > 50 ( Taiwan, China, USA etc. )
Major Business :
Petrochemicals (Gasoline, Oil etc. )
Plastic Raw Materials (PVC,PE, ABS etc. )
Fibers & Textiles ( Polyester, Nylon, Rayon etc.)
Electronic Materials (Battery Material,LED,CCL,
PCB, DRAM, and Silicon wafer)
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Social Contributions :
Education & Medical
Three Universities
 Seven Hospitals
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The Organization Chart of
Formosa Plastics Group
Formosa Plastics Group
Executive Board
Formosa Petrochemical
Corporation
Formosa Chemical
& Fiber Corp.
Formosa Biomedical
Technology Corp.
Nan-Ya Plastics
Corporation
Changs Ascending
Enterprise Co., Ltd.
Formosa Energy & Material
Technology Co., Ltd.
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Formosa Plastics
Corporation
Overview of Formosa Energy & Material
Technology Co., Ltd.
• Location：
-Head Office： 5F 201 Tunghwa N. Rd, Taipei
-Plant： 359 Sec 3 Chungsun Rd, ChangHua
• Product : Battery Cathode Material
• Patent : US Patent 7494744
• Production Capacity: 4,800 MT/yr in 2009
• Employees : 121 people
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The Vision And The Mission
• The Vision
The clean and green energy source provider
• The Mission
A world leader in supplying Li-iron based
materials possessing high quality with high
volume for high power and bulk energy storage
applications
5
Technology Evolutions
& Milestones
Mass production of
affordable bulk energy
storage system for family
and industrial applications.
Heavy duty power system
successfully developed in 2007.
Example: for fork lift and vehicle
starter
Success in the development of
SFCM material in 2005
Success in the mass
production of SFCM, in 2006
Success in the mass production of
lithium manganese series, lithium
nickel cobalt series, and mixed oxide
cathode materials in 2003.
Major supplier of cobalt based
cathode material to EONE-MoLi in
2004 (18650 batteries)
Success in the development of
new generation polymer battery
without the use of conventional
separator in 2001, patent rights
worldwide applied
Material development
Started from 1994
Novel anode material
developed successfully in
2002
Advanced nickel based
electrode material patent
awarded by USPTO in 2000
Over 20 journal publications and 10 patents were
published in the area of advanced
materials and batteries
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Why Lithium Iron System?
Characteristics of lithium iron batteries:
1. High weight energy density:
— 100Wh/kg, much better than lead acid ~40Wh/kg
2. High rate capability
— Up to 30C for surge, 3~5C for continuous use
3. Cyclability
— Minimum 2000 cycles with 70% capacity remaining
— Potential to 5000 cycles
4. Safety consideration
— The best in lithium iron batteries, compatible with lead acids
5. Environmental consideration
— No toxic component and is RoHS compatible
— Waste reduction eventually owing to prolonged cycle life
6. Price consideration
— Expected to be comparable with lead acids
7. Availability
— Materials required are the most
abundant elements in the world
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Performance of Supreme Ferrous
Cathode Material (SFCM )
Capacity
Test conditions:
4.4
• Three electrode test cell
4.2
• C/10 charge/discharge
• Lithium reference
Voltage (V)
4
• 14~16mg/cm2
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3
2.8
0
50
100
Capacity (mAh/g)
8
150
Features of SFCM
1.
2.
3.
4.
High in materials consistency 130±3 mAh/g
Excellent in high rate capability: continuous >10C durable
High in solid content: 55wt% or more
High in active material (>95wt%):
- No additional carbon black needed,
- Binder less than 5 wt%
5. High in rolling density: Normally > 2.2g/cm3
6. Excellent slurry characteristics: Free flowing
at high solid content (55 wt%)
7. Production efficient:
- Allows fast coater speed owing to less solvent content
- Excellent adherence to the substrate
(No further treatment for substrates required )
- Water based binder/solvent system allowed
-- As a result, high yield, high performance
batteries can be obtained
at low cost !
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Conventional LiFePO4
Formosa’s SFCM
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General formula: LiFePO4
General formula: Li Fe(1-x)MxP(1-x)O2(2-x)
This material does not obey the LiFePO4
stoichiometry (proved by chemical analysis as
(Fe+M): P ≠1:1)
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Olivine structure
Defective olivine structure plus the allowance
of impurities
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No creation of defective structure
Creation of defective structure by means of
oxidizing atmosphere as well as the
incorporation of “stoichiometric compounds”.
This is totally different from any prior art
starting with the stoichiometric ratio of Li: M:
P = 1:1:1 (Simple cation substitution)
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Defect type: None
Defect type: Anion defects
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Structure and property relationship not
clear (Structure--- > not necessary excellent
property; Structure --- > not easy
processing protocols or high processing
difficulties such as inert atmosphere)
Structure and property relationship is obvious
(Defective structure --- > good electronic
conductivity --- > not sensitive to carbon
content --- > as a result, low processing
requirements)
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Current Status of SFCM
• Materials patent has been applied worldwide
including US and Japan
• Supreme Ferrous Cathode Material (SFCM)
— Current Production 480 Tons / Year
• A New plant will deliver 4800 Tons / Year in 2009
(World #1 Manufacturer and Supplier)
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Example I. Full Cell Test
(18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650
Conventional standard
for lap tops
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Example I. Full Cell Test
(18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650 Cell with LiFe Cathode
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Example I. Full Cell Test
(18650 Cylindrical Cell, 1200mAh)
18650 Cell with LiFe
Cathode
LiFe
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Example II. Full Cell Test
(40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
Conventional standard for lap tops
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Example II. Full Cell Test
(40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
Rate
Rtae Capability
Capability Test
Test
3.6
3.4
Voltage
3.2
3
2.8
2.6
2.4
2.2
2
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
Ah
1C
3C
5C
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8C
10C
11C
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9.5
10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5
Example II. Full Cell Test
(40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
Overcharge Test
Temperature (oC)
Voltage (V), Current (A)
Overcharge Test
Volt(V)
Current (A)
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Temp (oC)
Example II. Full Cell Test
(40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
Short Circuit Test
Voltage (V)
Temperature (oC)
Short Circuit Test
Volt(V)
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Temp (oC)
Example II. Full Cell Test
(40155 Cylindrical Cell, 12Ah)
Penetration Test
Voltage (V)
Temperature (oC)
Penetration Test
Volt(V)
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Temp (oC)
Comparisons of SFCM with LeadAcid Batteries
Current(A), Voltage(V)
vs. Test_Time(s)
Cycling Behavior
(1st ~10th
cycles)
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14
12
4
10
8
0
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
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1-001 Current(A)
-2
1-001 Voltage(V)
4
-4
2
-6
0
Test Time(s)
Weight energy density: 12V*60Ah/16kg = 45 Wh/kg
Volume energy density: 12V*60Ah/7.627L = 94 Wh/L
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Voltage(V)
Current(A)
2
Charge_Cap
acity(Ah)
0
30.56461147
22.87982048
16.32443664
13.62990254
12.09367501
11.00932521
10.37784947
9.88756616
9.625993978
Discharge_C
apacity(Ah)
53.93136138
22.28257532
17.11228816
13.82128474
12.34161885
11.23141993
10.43805862
9.929704343
9.522692207
9.339955879
Examples For Various Applications
Product Type
Characteristics
Home Energy Storage System
(Status: UPC System With
30kWh Capability Ready)
Deep Cycling Affordable, Easy For
Maintenance, Long Service Life
Vehicle Starting Battery
(Status: Ready)
Light Weight (4kg vs. 15kg) , Gas Saving
(15~20%)
Fork Lift Battery and Golf Cart
(Status: Ready)
Heavy Duty Durable, Short Time Charging,
Long Service Life
Home Use Applications
(e.g. Lawn Mower, Power Tools,
E-bike, Cordless appliances etc.)
Light Weight, Ready For OEM or ODM
Battery for Lighting Application
(Status: Ready)
High Temp. Durability, High Efficiency, Long
Service Life
HEV and EV Use Battery
(Status: Partnership Needed)
Light Weight, Smart Control of Battery and
Module, SOC, SOH, SOF Strategy Ready
UPS Battery System
(Status: 80kVA Ready)
High Power Capability, Long Service Life (e.g.
12 years) With Partial Replacement Only
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Other Successful Examples For
Various Applications
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Successful Examples for
Various Applications
Heavy Duty Fork Lifts
Vehicle Starter Battery
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Successful Examples for
Various Applications
36 Hole Golf Cart (Club Car)
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Successful Examples for
Various Applications
Battery
Type
LiFe Bat
DC 48V
60 Ah
(9.6 mΩ)
Lead Acid
Bat
DC 48V
190 Ah
(26.6 mΩ)
Max
Speed
Voltage
Current
Vehicle Weight + Battery Weight + Load
km/hr
(V)
(A)
kg
Flat
19.60
52.03
18.8
305 + 60 + 400=765
Using Road Slope Simulator
6o
8.20
50.80
61.4
305 + 60 + 400=765
Using Road Slope Simulator
14o
5.30
49.23
116.0
305 + 60 + 400=765
Using Road Slope Simulator
16.7o
4.29
48.00
130.0
305 + 60 + 400=765
Real Road Test
19.29o
3.13
47.60
142.0
305 + 60 + 400=765
Real Road Test
22.78o
2.34
47.00
163.0
305 + 60 + 400=765
Real Road Test
26.56o
2.30
45.00
218.0
305 + 60 + 400=765
Real Road Test
Flat
14.80
49.52
23.4
305 + 190 + 400=895
Using Road Slope Simulator
6o
7.00
46.52
74.1
305 + 190 + 400=895
Using Road Slope Simulator
14o
3.50
44.93
134.4
305 + 190 + 400=895
Using Road Slope Simulator
16.7o
3.98
43.60
185.0
305 + 190 + 400=895
Real Road Test
19.29o
2.72
43.10
198.0
305 + 190 + 400=895
Real Road Test
22.78o
1.63
42.50
223.0
305 + 190 + 400=895
Fail during Test
305 + 190 + 400=895
Not Tested
305 + 190 + 270 =765
130kg Reduced in Load
305 + 190 + 270 =765
Failure during test
130kg Reduced in Load
Road
Slope
26.56o
14o
22.78o
4.7
2.11
45.61
42.5
117.1
190
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Remarks
Final Product Demonstration
(Family Use Appliances)
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Conclusions
• SFCM based batteries will replace lead-acid, nickel cadmium,
nickel metal hydride batteries, and become the main stream of
high power, large scale power batteries
• Formosa has the production capability of 480 tons/year
(currently the world #1 materials provider). The new plant
will extend the production to 4800 tons/year in 2009
• Formosa has been successful in the development of heavy duty or
high power systems for applications such as UPC,
vehicle starting, fork lift, E-motorcycle. All applications shown
have been either commercialized or in the process of field tests
with potential customers
• The concept of “localized” and “miniaturized” energy saving system
should be promoted and advocated in the future for resolving the
energy and environment problems simultaneously
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Contact Window
• Formosa Energy & Material Technology Co., Ltd.
• Sales Manager
Steven Chen : [email protected]
TEL : (886) 2 2712-2211 ext 7819
FAX : (886) 2 2717-8381
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