Transcript Producing electricity using natural gas : global

Producing electricity using natural gas :
global experience and opportunities for
TURKMENISTAN
International Conference : Oil & Gas of TURKMENISTAN-2003
Kamil Güven, ÇALIK Enerji AŞ
26 September 2003, Ashgabat
Turkmenistan is important to world energy markets, because of its natural gas
reserves; which may vary according to different sources from 101 trillion cubic
feet of proven reserves and several times more of potential reserves.
Whichever the case, Turkmenistan as one of the most important gas-rich
country and also borders the Caspian Sea, which contains major oil and gas
reserves.
Creative, constructive and strong approaches of H.E. Saparmurat
TURKMENBASHI to establish modern energy infrastructures with neighbor
countries to cooperate to cover their energy supply needs and to create income
from national deposits of the country.
One of the key points of the National Development Plan of TURKMENISTAN is
the utilization of the country’s natural resources and increasing the economic
potential by integrating its energy infrastructure into the world economy.
TURKMENISTAN Natural Gas Export
TURKMENISTAN can easily export its oil and oil-products through seaports, railways
and roads but because of its geographical location, natural gas could be exported only
through the pipelines, which are mostly already in use. Establishment of new export
routes may also be required to increase the export possibilities.
TURKMENISTAN Natural Gas Export
While Turkmenistan is producing more natural gas than its local consumption and
export needs; establishment of new pipelines are needed and requires more
capital investment.
Therefore, one of the most important ways to export the hydrocarbons is to
produce value added productions such as fertilizers, electricity and petrochemical
productions from hydrocarbon sources.
Such value added productions will have higher export potential than the hydrocarbons
themselves and would create more value than regular hydrocarbon exports.
Therefore, TURKMENISTAN has planned to establish new plants to produce such
value added products, including the electricity, which is one major through others.
Until the independence of the country, Power Plant technology for TURKMENISTAN
was mainly steam turbines.
Nowadays, it could be easily said that initial stage of the development of
TURKMENISTAN’ s energy industry is completed by construction of modern power
plants using new technologies of the long-term technology partners.
The extensive experience of such companies create pathway to modern technologies
and undoubtedly increase the efficiency in the sector.
In 1998, Gas Turbine Power Plants started to be constructed by using American
General Electric technology. The first “GE-Gas Turbine Power plant” is properly
working, and TURKMENISTAN Government is satisfied with the technology and
operation conditions of such new technology.
During the initial development stage, TURKMENISTAN increased its Gas Turbine
Power Plant capacity up to 500 MW, which represents around 20% of the overall
installed capacity, and such development increased country’s strong role as energy
exporter country in the region.
In 2002, TURKMENISTAN started to construct the second Gas Turbine power
plant utility in the TURKMENBASHI Oil Refinery, where could be easily called as
the heart of the Oil Refining sector of TURKMENISTAN.
Construction of such plant is completed within 1 year, which is very short for such
power plant including all of its auxiliaries and dual-fuel capability (low sulphure
diesel oil is the stand-by fuel of the natural gas). STC-TURKMENNEFTEGAZ is
the Owner of the facility.
STC TURKMENNEFTEGAZ is awarded Calik Enerji AS to construct a “Dual Fuel
3xGas Turbine PP” which represent the most robust system for the one of the
most developed oil refinery in region which is TURKMENBASHI Oil Refinery.
In 2002, Ministry of Energy & Industry also started to implement two more power plant
projects: One in Abadan city, as the extension project of the already existing gas turbine
facility.
The latest project is the construction of a new gas turbine power plant in Balkanabat city.
All these four Gas Turbine power plants have similar capacities of 125 MW and use the
same gas turbine technology.
Therefore, TURKMENISTAN is establishing its own technical expertise in the field of
operation of new gas turbine technology power plants.
The new technology in gas turbine power plants, has improved the quality of the
electrical energy as well as the efficiency, the reliability and the availability while
such improvement has evidently promoted the export potential of
TURKMENISTAN.
The results of such stage-by-stage approach is being much clearer and fitting the
requirements of the all-relevant parties that, both the technical and administrative
departments promoting such technology.
Next stage of the improvement is the reconstruction of the existing old technology
steam turbine power plants by constructions of gas turbine power plants and then
to convert/extend the gas turbine power plants to the combined cycle power
plants.
According to such technology based approach, Government of TURKMENISTAN had
possibility to consider all the details of the applications and in 2003 signed a framework
agreement with the technology giant of US General Electric as General Equipment
supplier and Calik Enerji AS as General LSTK Contractor for construction of additional
1,500 MW until 2011 in countrywide.
Hence, while reconstruction of the old systems would be executed according to a longterm plan, export capability would also be improved due to more reliable new technology
systems with the very low cost of electrical energy production.
While improving the quality of the produced energy, TURKMENISTAN also consider the
improvement on the electrical energy export infrastructure of the existing grids which are
already directly or indirectly extending to the countries such as Iran, Afghanistan,
Ermenistan and Turkey.
The improvement of export among the neighbor countries has focused on connecting their
power grids to allow the countries to exchange power if needed through high capacity 220400 kV power transmission lines to be constructed.
TURKMENISTAN already has installed a capacity of 3,100 MW and more than 300 MW is
under construction. Annual electrical energy production of existing power plants is 10.52
gWh while the total domestic consumption is 9.46 gWh. 1.06 gWh of the overall production
is exported to the neighbor countries directly or to the third countries through the
neighbors. Plan for TURKMENISTAN is to improve the installed capacity of power plants
up to 4,650 MW until the year of 2011. By increasing the capacity of the Power Plants with
high efficiency technology used, Turkmenistan will be able to export up to 3.5 gWh of
electrical energy in 2005 and 11 gWh in 2010.
Moreover, the operation of new power plant facilities allows satisfying the local demands
beside the export quality of the electrical energy products with high added value and
converts existing deposits to the revenues.
According to the studies executed by joint cooperation of the Government of
TURKMENISTAN and international organizations which have expertise on electrical
energy that; while TURKMENISTAN have plenty reserves of natural gas, improvement of
the high quality electrical energy in the country would be benefit of all the neighbor
countries and other regional countries indirectly.
It is also clear that, beside the environmental regulations; TURKMENISTAN has desire to
upgrade its “Simple Cycle Power Plants” to the “Combined Cycle High Efficiency Systems”
ÇALIK Enerji Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş., TURKEY
[email protected]
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